Kepler-413b: a slightly misaligned, Neptune-size transiting circumbinary planet

We report the discovery of a transiting, Rp = 4.347+/-0.099REarth, circumbinary planet (CBP) orbiting the Kepler K+M Eclipsing Binary (EB) system KIC 12351927 (Kepler-413) every ~66 days on an eccentric orbit with ap = 0.355+/-0.002AU, ep = 0.118+/-0.002. The two stars, with MA = 0.820+/-0.015MSun, RA = 0.776+/-0.009RSun and MB = 0.542+/-0.008MSun, RB = 0.484+/-0.024RSun respectively revolve around each other every 10.11615+/-0.00001 days on a nearly circular (eEB = 0.037+/-0.002) orbit. The orbital plane of the EB is slightly inclined to the line of sight (iEB = 87.33+/-0.06 degrees) while that of the planet is inclined by ~2.5 degrees to the binary plane at the reference epoch. Orbital precession with a period of ~11 years causes the inclination of the latter to the sky plane to continuously change. As a result, the planet often fails to transit the primary star at inferior conjunction, causing stretches of hundreds of days with no transits (corresponding to multiple planetary orbital periods). We predict that the next transit will not occur until 2020. The orbital configuration of the system places the planet slightly closer to its host stars than the inner edge of the extended habitable zone. Additionally, the orbital configuration of the system is such that the CBP may experience Cassini-States dynamics under the influence of the EB, in which the planet's obliquity precesses with a rate comparable to its orbital precession. Depending on the angular precession frequency of the CBP, it could potentially undergo obliquity fluctuations of dozens of degrees (and complex seasonal cycles) on precession timescales.Comment: 48 pages, 13 figure

Exoplanet Diversity in the Era of Space-based Direct Imaging Missions

This whitepaper discusses the diversity of exoplanets that could be detected by future observations, so that comparative exoplanetology can be performed in the upcoming era of large space-based flagship missions. The primary focus will be on characterizing Earth-like worlds around Sun-like stars. However, we will also be able to characterize companion planets in the system simultaneously. This will not only provide a contextual picture with regards to our Solar system, but also presents a unique opportunity to observe size dependent planetary atmospheres at different orbital distances. We propose a preliminary scheme based on chemical behavior of gases and condensates in a planet's atmosphere that classifies them with respect to planetary radius and incident stellar flux.Comment: A white paper submitted to the National Academy of Sciences Exoplanet Science Strateg

Interstellar Deuterium, Nitrogen, and Oxygen Abundances Toward BD +28 4211: Results from the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer

High resolution far-ultraviolet spectra of the O-type subdwarf BD +28 4211 were obtained with the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE) to measure the interstellar deuterium, nitrogen, and oxygen abundances in this direction. The interstellar D I transitions are analyzed down to Lyman iota at 920.7 A. The star was observed several times at different target offsets in the direction of spectral dispersion. The aligned and coadded spectra have high signal-to-noise ratios (S/N =50-100). D I, N I, and O I transitions were analyzed with curve-of-growth and profile fitting techniques. A model of interstellar molecular hydrogen on the line of sight was derived from H2 lines in the FUSE spectra and used to help analyze some features where blending with H2 was significant. The H I column density was determined from high resolution HST/STIS spectra of Lyman alpha to be log(N HI) = 19.846+/-0.035 (2 sigma), which is higher than is typical for sight lines in the local ISM studied for D/H. We found that D/H =(1.39+/-0.21) E-5 (2 sigma) and O/H = (2.37+/-0.55) E-4 (2 sigma). O/H toward BD +28 4211 appears to be significantly below the mean O/H ratio for the ISM and the Local Bubble.Comment: 33 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal Supplemen

Masses, radii, and orbits of small Kepler planets: the transition from gaseous to rocky planets

We report on the masses, sizes, and orbits of the planets orbiting 22 Kepler stars. There are 49 planet candidates around these stars, including 42 detected through transits and 7 revealed by precise Doppler measurements of the host stars. Based on an analysis of the Kepler brightness measurements, along with high-resolution imaging and spectroscopy, Doppler spectroscopy, and (for 11 stars) asteroseismology, we establish low false-positive probabilities (FPPs) for all of the transiting planets (41 of 42 have an FPP under 1%), and we constrain their sizes and masses. Most of the transiting planets are smaller than three times the size of Earth. For 16 planets, the Doppler signal was securely detected, providing a direct measurement of the planet's mass. For the other 26 planets we provide either marginal mass measurements or upper limits to their masses and densities; in many cases we can rule out a rocky composition. We identify six planets with densities above 5 g cm-3, suggesting a mostly rocky interior for them. Indeed, the only planets that are compatible with a purely rocky composition are smaller than 2 R ⊕. Larger planets evidently contain a larger fraction of low-density material (H, He, and H2O)

Influence of the kinetic of brain death (BD) on hemodynamic in a preclinical porcin model

Influence of the kinetic of brain death (BD) on hemodynamic in a preclinical porcin model. 17. Congress of the European Society for Organ Transplantatio

Postmortem redistribution of THC in the pig

Chantier qualité GA This work was presented in part at the 14th Annual Meeting of the Société Française de Toxicologie Analytique, Le Touquet, France, 2006, and at the 44th International Meeting of the International Association of Forensic Toxicologists, Ljubljana, Slovenia, 2006.International audienceTo improve the knowledge of the postmortem redistribution of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), an animal model using the Large White pig has been developed, whereby 15 pigs received an intravenous injection of THC (200 µg/kg body weight) and were euthanized 2 h after administration. An autopsy was performed on three pigs immediately after being euthanized while the others were stored in supine position at ambient temperature for 6, 15, 24, or 48 h. THC concentration in blood from the vena cava decreased after death whereas left or right cardiac blood concentrations increased. No blood specimens collected from different sites of the carcasses adequately reflected the perimortem THC concentrations. The highest concentrations of THC at anytime were observed in lung tissue, and brain tissue seemed to present the most stable concentrations over time. This study can assist toxicologists in determining which specimens can, most appropriately, be used for interpretation of cannabinoid concentrations in postmortem specimens

Analysis of dose-effect of HEMARINA-M101 in a porcine autotransplanted and perfused kidney model

National audienc

Potential benefits of the supplementation of machine perfusion solution with <em>arenicola marina</em> hemoglobin for the preservation of porcine kidney grafts subjected to warm ischemia

National audienc

Using millimetre-wave radar for monitoring sow postural activity in individual pen: first results

Session 65, Theatre 9International audienceA millimetre-wave radar is tested in an INRAE experimental unit to monitor sow postural activity in presence of herpiglets. A total of 16 sows of the Large White breed with piglets aging from 7 to 15 days are monitored inside farrowingpens with measurement sequences lasting 2 to 3 hours at different dates. The radar is attached to the farrowing penentrance at a distance to ground of 1.8m, and the sow’s position is remotely estimated from the backscattering ofelectromagnetic waves. The radar-based detection technique does not require equipping animals with radiofrequencytags. The automatized system records 3D images are built from the simultaneous azimuth (digital) and elevation(mechanical) radar beam scannings with a time resolution of 3 seconds. By applying an algorithm based on ConstantFalse Alarm Rate, undesirable radar echoes from the pen are mitigated and only radar detections of the sow are recordedover time. A clustering algorithm is applied to the detections to obtain the 3D position of the sow. A classification ofsow postures is performed from a Quadratic Discriminant Analysis of the 3D positions. Ground-truth postures of soware annotated manually from video recordings. The two following classes of postures are finally analysed: the ‘standingand transition’ and the ‘lying’ classes (‘transition’ refers here to both ‘sitting’ and ‘kneeling’ postures). The trainingdata is composed of radar detections of 4 sows for the total monitoring duration of around 8 hours, or equivalentlyfor 7,097 detections. The tested data is composed of 34,356 radar detections of 12 other sows for a total monitoringduration of 38 hours. The precision and sensitivity are 88.3 and 90% for the ‘standing and transition’ class, and 97.9and 98% for the ‘lying’ class. Precision and sensitivity of the classification may vary from one sow to another dueto the difficulty to classify correctly ‘transition’ postures for some of them. Based on these first encouraging results,future work will be devoted to further develop the radar detection method, and detect the motion of the sow accordingto changes in her location in the pen

Using millimetre-wave radar for monitoring sow postural activity in individual pen: first results

Session 65, Theatre 9International audienceA millimetre-wave radar is tested in an INRAE experimental unit to monitor sow postural activity in presence of herpiglets. A total of 16 sows of the Large White breed with piglets aging from 7 to 15 days are monitored inside farrowingpens with measurement sequences lasting 2 to 3 hours at different dates. The radar is attached to the farrowing penentrance at a distance to ground of 1.8m, and the sow’s position is remotely estimated from the backscattering ofelectromagnetic waves. The radar-based detection technique does not require equipping animals with radiofrequencytags. The automatized system records 3D images are built from the simultaneous azimuth (digital) and elevation(mechanical) radar beam scannings with a time resolution of 3 seconds. By applying an algorithm based on ConstantFalse Alarm Rate, undesirable radar echoes from the pen are mitigated and only radar detections of the sow are recordedover time. A clustering algorithm is applied to the detections to obtain the 3D position of the sow. A classification ofsow postures is performed from a Quadratic Discriminant Analysis of the 3D positions. Ground-truth postures of soware annotated manually from video recordings. The two following classes of postures are finally analysed: the ‘standingand transition’ and the ‘lying’ classes (‘transition’ refers here to both ‘sitting’ and ‘kneeling’ postures). The trainingdata is composed of radar detections of 4 sows for the total monitoring duration of around 8 hours, or equivalentlyfor 7,097 detections. The tested data is composed of 34,356 radar detections of 12 other sows for a total monitoringduration of 38 hours. The precision and sensitivity are 88.3 and 90% for the ‘standing and transition’ class, and 97.9and 98% for the ‘lying’ class. Precision and sensitivity of the classification may vary from one sow to another dueto the difficulty to classify correctly ‘transition’ postures for some of them. Based on these first encouraging results,future work will be devoted to further develop the radar detection method, and detect the motion of the sow accordingto changes in her location in the pen