Kualitas Hidup Transpuan Lansia yang Mendapatkan Stigma dan Diskriminasi di Yogyakarta

Transpuan dalam kehidupannya sering mengalami stigma dan diskriminasi dari masyarakat karena identitas gender yang dimiliki. Stigma dan diskriminasi dapat mempengaruhi kualitas hidup transpuan di masa lansia. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kualitas hidup transpuan lansia yang mendapatkan stigma dan diskriminasi terkait identitas gender pada aspek fisik, psikologis, sosial dan lingkungan. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif yang dilakukan pada bulan Januari 2022. Riset partisipan yang terlibat berjumlah 5 orang transpuan lansia yang berusia 60 tahun ke atas bergabung di Pondok Pesantren Al-Fatah Yogyakarta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kualitas hidup transpuan lansia masih belum tercapai pada aspek kesehatan fisik, kesehatan psikologi, dan aspek lingkungan sosial. Pengecekan kesehatan dan edukasi secara rutin dari Puskesmas yang dilakukan di Pondok Pesantren Al-fatah membantu para transpuan mengetahui status kesehatan. Transpuan yang bergabung dalam komunitas di Pondok Pesantren Al-Fatah merasa nyaman dan membantu transpuan lansia lebih berkembang dilingkungan masyarakat serta mendapatkan respon baik dari lingkungan masyarakat. Kata kunci: kualitas hidup, stigma dan diskriminasi, transpuan lansia.Trans women in their lives often experience stigma and discrimination from society because of their gender identity. Stigma and discrimination can affect the quality of life of trans women in old age. The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of life of elderly transwomen who received stigma and discrimination related to gender identity in physical, psychological, social and environmental aspects. This research was conducted using a qualitative method with a descriptive approach which was carried out in January 2022. The research participants involved were 5 elderly transwomen aged 60 years and over who joined Al-Fatah Islamic Boarding School Yogyakarta. The results showed that the quality of life of elderly transwomen was still not achieved in the aspects of physical health, psychological health, and aspects of the social environment. Regular health checks and education from the Puskesmas conducted at Al-fatah Islamic Boarding School help transwomen to know their health status. Transwomen who join the community at Al-Fatah Islamic Boarding School feel comfortable and help elderly transwomen to develop more in the community environment and get a good response from the community. Keywords: quality of life, stigma and discrimination, elderly transwomen

Pengaruh Leader Member Exchange, Pemberdayaan Dan Komitmen Organisasional Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Dinas Pendapatan, Pengelolaan Keuangan Dan Aset Daerah Kabupaten Pati

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji pengaruh variabel leader member exchange (X1), pemberdayaan (X2), dan komitmen organisasional (X3) terhadap kinerja pegawai (Y) di lingkungan Dinas Pendapatan, Pengelolaan Keuangan dan Aset Daerah Kabupaten pati. Responden penelitian berjumlah 51 orang pegawai. Teknik sampling yang digunakan purposive sampling. Data primer diperoleh dari kuesioner yang diisi oleh responden. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, uji regresi berganda dan uji hipotesis dengan menggunakan bantuan prgram SPSS. Hasil pengujian hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa hipotesis (H1) yang menyatakan bahwa leader member exchange berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja dan hipotesis (H2) yang menyatakan bahwa pemberdayaan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja, serta hipotesis (H3) yang menyatakan komitmen organisasional belum cukup bukti untuk menyatakan bahwa memiliki pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja. Demikian juga hipotesis (H4) yang menyatakan bahwa leader member exchange, pemberdayaan dan komitmen organisasional secara berganda berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja, diterima

Hubungan antara pemberian imunisasi BCG, status gizi dan lingkungan rumah dengan kejadian penyakit TB paru pada anak balita

BCG vaccines, nutritional status, home environment and incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis among under five childrenBackground: Tuberculosis in children is an infectious disease in the respiratory tract that is difficult to detect, but its impact is sufficient to affect the child's development and health status of the child and even cause death. Therefore, it is necessary to take preventive measures by understanding the risk factors for the occurrence of tuberculosis in children, namely not receiving BCG vaccines, poor nutritional status and an unhealthy home environment.Purpose: To determine the relationship between BCG vaccines, nutritional status and home environment with the incidence of pulmonary TB disease in children under five at BKPM Semarang.Method: This study is an analytic observational study with a case control approach. The population of this study is all children under 5 years of age who are currently undergoing treatment at BKPM Semarang. The sample size in this study was 60 respondents consisting of two groups: 30 case groups and 30 control groups. Univariate analysis used percentage analysis, while bivariate analysis used Chi Square test (p = 0.05) and multivariate analysis used logistic regression.Results: There was no relationship between BCG vaccines and the incidence of pulmonary TB disease in children under five (p = 0.076; OR = 2.111). There is a relationship between nutritional status and the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in children under five (p = 0.000; OR = 2.750). Home environment: There is a relationship between occupancy density and the incidence of pulmonary TB disease in children under five (p = 0.000; OR = 7.538).Conclusion: Statistically, there is no significant between BCG vaccinesrelationship with the incidence of pulmonary TB disease in children under five. Several factors such as; Nutritional status and environmental conditions are closely related to the incidence of pulmonary TB.Keywords: Toddler; Pulmonary TB; BCG vaccines; Nutritional status; Home environmentPendahuluan: Tuberkulosis pada anak merupakan salah satu penyakit infeksi pada saluran pernafasan yang sulit terdeteksi, namun dampaknya cukup mempengaruhi perkembangan anak dan status kesehatan anak bahkan dapat menimbulkan kematian. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan tindakan pencegahan dengan memahami faktor-faktor yang beresiko untuk terjadinya kejadian Tuberkulosis pada anak yaitu belum mendapatkan imunisasi BCG, status gizi yang kurang dan lingkungan rumah yang kurang sehat.Tujuan: Diketahui hubungan antara pemberian imunisasi BCG, status gizi dan lingkungan rumah dengan kejadian penyakit TB paru pada anak Balita di BKPM Semarang.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan case control. Populasi penelitian ini yaitu seluruh anak yang usianya dibawah 5 tahun yang sedang melakukan pengobatan di BKPM Semarang. Besar sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 60 responden yang terdiri dari dua kelompok: 30 kelompok kasus dan 30 kelompok kontrol. Analisis univariat digunakan analisis prosentase, sedangkan analisis bivariat digunakan uji Chi Square (p = 0,05) dan analisis multivariat digunakan regresi logistik. Hasil: Tidak ada hubungan antara pemberian imunisasi BCG dengan kejadian penyakit TB paru pada anak balita (p = 0,076; OR = 2,111). Ada hubungan antara status gizi dengan kejadian penyakit TB paru pada anak balita (p = 0,000; OR = 2,750). Lingkungan rumah: Ada hubungan antara kepadatan hunian dengan kejadian penyakit TB paru pada anak balita (p = 0,000; OR = 7,538).Simpulan: Secara statistik pemberian imunisasi BCG, tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan bermakna dengan kejadian penyakit TB paru pada anak balita. Beberapa faktor seperti; status gizi dan kondisi lingkungan rumah sangat berhubungan dengan kejadian penyakit TB paru

The Effectiveness Of Giving Calendula Oil On Wound Healing In White Rats (Rattus Norvegicus)

Research Background : In the process of childbirth, there is often a tear in the birth canal, especially in the perineum, which is known as a ruptured perineum. Some herbal ingredients that are thought to be healing wounds are nyamplung seed oil/tamanu oil (Calophyllum inophyllum L.), red ginger oil (Zingiber officinale var rubrum) and marigold flower oil/calendula oil (Calendula officinalis). Calendula ointment has the benefit of healing episiotomy wounds faster than the use of povidone iodine. Research Objective: To determine the effectiveness of giving calendula oil herbal ingredients to wound healing in female white rats. Research Methods: Laboratory experimental research using a completely randomized design using the Post Test Only Control Group Design pattern. The population in this study were female white rats (Rattus norvegicus). The sample selection was used by simple random sampling. Univariate analysis of wound healing was performed to obtain the mean ± SD and bivariate analysis using one-way ANOVA using computer software. The results of the study: The results of statistical tests showed that the One way Anova test obtained p value = 0.000 with a value of = 0.05 (p < ) where the administration of Calendula Oil on white rat wounds was more effective than without treatment. Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that giving calendula oil to female white rats is effective in healing wounds

Pengenalan Plasmodium Faciparum Merozoit Commom Antigen oleh Penderita Malaria Falciparum dari Beberapa Daerah Endemis di Indonesia dalam Upaya Memperoleh Kandidat Vaksin Lokal untuk Indonesia

Sampai saat ini, malaria masih merupakan masalah kesehatan masyaraka, yang penting di Indonesia. Perubahan perilaku sosial masyarakat. mobilitas penduduk yang sangat cepat dari dan ke luar pulau Jawa, perubahan Iingkungan akibat ulah manusia peningkatan suhu bumi global, ditambah pula nyamuk Anopheles sebagai vektor malaria telah menjadi semakin resisten terhadap insektisida. Hal ini mengakibatkan pola penularan penyakit malaria semakin kompleks, dan insiden malaria di Indonesia semakin meningkat. Masalah resistensi parasit terhadap obat anti malaria, termasuk pengobatan dengan kombinasi obat antimalaria, mengakibatkan penanggulangan malaria semakin sulit. Untuk mengatasi hal ini adalah dengan '"aksin (Engers and Godal, 1998; Moorthy. 2004). Akan tetapi vaksin yang efekrif dan bisa diterapkan secara global sulit untuk diciptakan. Alternatif lain yang perlu didukung adalah penciptaan vaksin malaria yang bisa diterapkan secara lokal. yaitu di Indonesia. Untuk itu telah dilakukan beberapa kali penelitian untuk mendapatkan kandidat vaksin malaria untuk lokal Indonesia. Salah satu dari penelitian tersebut adalah pencarian kandidat vaksin malaria seeara imunologi dengan mereaksikan antigen stadium aseksual Plasmodium jalciparum dengan serum penderita malaria falcirarum dari berbagai daerah endemis malaria di indonesia

PENGARUH PIJAT TUINA TERHADAP TINGKAT NAFSU MAKAN BALITA GIZI KURANG

Malnutrition is the biggest nutritional problem found in Indonesia. The cause of malnutrition is not only the amount of consumption but also in the overall dietary pattern of under-five children who are not sufficiently needed. To determine the effect of tuina massage on appetite in toddlers. This research is quantitative using a Quasy Experimental design with the One Group Pre-Test-Post-Test Design approach. The population in this study was underfives with malnutrition in Public Health Center Kedungmundu with a total of 57 children under five. The sampling technique used in this study was purposive sampling. The appetite of toddlers before the massage tuina had an average of 5,812, standart of deviation was 0.655, and the lowest score was 5 and the highest score was 7, while after massage it was carried out on toddlers it had an average of 8,187 deviation standart of 0.910, and the lowest score was 7, the highest score was 10. The results of statistical tests showed that there was an effect of tuina massage on the increase in appetite for under-nutrition children with a p value of 0.000. The result of this study is that there is an effect of tuina massage on the increased appetite of toddlers after and before the tuina massage. Keywords: Tuina massage, Appetite, Toddler.Malnutrition is the biggest nutritional problem found in Indonesia. The cause of malnutrition is not only the amount of consumption but also in the overall dietary pattern of under-five children who are not sufficiently needed. To determine the effect of tuina massage on appetite in toddlers. This research is quantitative using a Quasy Experimental design with the One Group Pre-Test-Post-Test Design approach. The population in this study was underfives with malnutrition in Public Health Center Kedungmundu with a total of 57 children under five. The sampling technique used in this study was purposive sampling. The appetite of toddlers before the massage tuina had an average of 5,812, standart of deviation was 0.655, and the lowest score was 5 and the highest score was 7, while after massage it was carried out on toddlers it had an average of 8,187 deviation standart of 0.910, and the lowest score was 7, the highest score was 10. The results of statistical tests showed that there was an effect of tuina massage on the increase in appetite for under-nutrition children with a p value of 0.000. The result of this study is that there is an effect of tuina massage on the increased appetite of toddlers after and before the tuina massage. Keywords: Tuina massage, Appetite, Toddler

Analysis The Impact Of Industrial Areas On HIV Aids Incidence

Research Background : South Jepara Regency is an industrial area that absorbs a lot of labor around the company's establishment. Over time, the incidence of HIV AIDS has increased. Data from the Jepara health office in Pecangaan District in 2018 reached 48 cases, in Mayong District in 2018 it reached 29 cases and in Kalimatan District in 2018 it reached 21 cases. Research Objective: To analyze the impact of industrial estates on the incidence of HIV AIDS. Research Methods: This type of research is qualitative with in-depth interview data collection techniques. Time of data collection in November 2019. The research location is Pecangaan, Kalinyamatan and Mayong Districts, Jepara Regency, Central Java. The number of research informants is 10 people. Miles and Huberman interactive data analysis The results of the study: the positive impact of increasing economic welfare and reducing the number of unemployed, while the negative impact of water pollution, the proliferation of hangouts and the construction of many boarding houses. Conclusion: Industrial growth in the southern part of Jepara Regency, has positive and negative impacts. Industrial environmental conditions as an indirect cause of the increasing incidence of HIV AIDS

Penggunaan jamu herbal pada ayam leghorn umur 26 bulan terhadap kualitas protein, lemak dan kolesterol telur

Laying hens raised in Merauke are generally medium-type leghorns with their characteristic brown feathers, two-year-old laying hens have decreased egg production because the chickens have entered the rejected period. Chicken is said to be rejected because the chicken has experienced a molting period twice and also has a period of decreased egg production. Efforts to improve the quality of production as well as eggs from medium type chicken rejects include giving herbal medicine. Improving the quality of production and the quality of eggs can not be separated from the condition of the chicken reproductive organs, herbal plants function to increase the fertility of the reproductive organs because they contain carotene and tocopherol which function to increase the fertility of the reproductive organs of one type of plant such as red fruit (Pandanus conoideus). The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of herbal medicine to improve the quality of egg protein, fat and cholesterol in laying hens. This research method was conducted experimentally using 26-month-old laying hens as many as 36 heads, with normal feeding and drinking provision divided into 4 treatments and 3 replications, so there were 12 units, each unit consisting of 3 chickens. Data were analyzed anovaally and continued with duncan test, calculations using SPSS 21 software. The results showed that the use of herbal herbal medicine in drinking water for fat and cholesterol protein had decreased but was not significant. The conclusion of this research is the supplementation of herbal herbal medicine in laying hens of medium type rejects does not affect the quality of eggs, namely protein, fat and cholesterol. The content of quality protein, fat and cholesterol is still in normal levels

Factors Affecting Nurses’ Compliance in Implementing Standard Precautions in Government Hospital in Yogyakarta

Background:Nosocomial infection is infections that occur in patients when they are hospitalized. Data in several countries found that hundreds of millions patients worldwide are exposed to nosocomial infection each year. Standard precautions are applied to prevent infections in the hospital. The results of observations and interviews on nurses at Wates Regional Public Hospital found non-compliance of nurses in implementing standard precautions.Objective:The aim of this study is to determine factors affecting nurses’ compliance in Wates Regional Public Hospital, Yogyakarta.Method: This was cross sectional study, using questionnaire and standard precautions compliance check list. Observation was conducted twice on june 26th to July 7th, 2018. The subjects were 103 nurses in 10 inpatients room, taken by total sampling. Data was analyzed by pearson, spearman and mann whitney u test as bivariate, and also linier regression as multivariate.Result:The result of this study indicate that there were significant relationship between gender, standard precautions knowledge, motivation and work experience with nurses’ (p &lt; 0,05), while there were insignificant relationship between age, education level, attitude,  risk perception, preventive efficacy, risk taking personality, needle punctured experience, workload, infection knowledge, work stress, obstacles in standard precautions, the availability of personal protective equipment, safety climate and safety performance feedback with nurses’ compliance (p &gt; 0.05). Multivariate test indicate that motivation has a dominant influence on nurses’ compliance.Conclusion and Suggestion: Factors influencing  nurse compliance with standard precautions include motivation, work experience and risk taking personality. The dominant factor influencing nurse compliance with standard precautions is motivation.  Suggestions from this study are to improve the completeness of facilities and tools related to standard precautions, monitoring and evaluation of nurses’ compliance. Further study needs to be held related to standard precautions each component include hand washing, personal protective equipment usage, care equipment decontamination, safe injecting practices, sharp objects and waste management.Key words:nosocomial infection, compliance to standard precaution, Wates Regional Public Hospital  1: Wates Regional Public Hospital2: Master in Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing UGM