Lehrkräfte-Nachwuchs für die beruflichen Fachrichtungen Metalltechnik und Elektrotechnik

Seit langem besteht ein Mangel an Lehrkräften für berufsbildende Schulen/ Berufskollegs, insbesondere in den Fachrichtungen Elektrotechnik und Metalltechnik. Die Sicherstellung des Bedarfs erfolgt über Sondermaßnahmen, in denen Absolventen ingenierwissenschaftlicher Studiengänge direkt in den Vorbereitungsdienst oder in den Schuldienst eingestellt werden. Gemeinsam mit der Stiftung NiedersachsenMetall, berufsbildenden Schulen, Studienseminaren und der Leibniz Universität Hannover wurde eine Werbe- und Bildungsmaßnahme entwickelt und im Jahr 2011 erstmals erprobt, die es Schülerinnen und Schülern erlaubt, sich über das Berufsbild und die Ausbildung zum Beruf der Lehrkraft an berufsbildenden Schulen zu informieren. Damit soll die grundständige Ausbildung von Lehrkräften unterstützt werden. Der Aufsatz zeigt die Ziele und die Struktur der Schüler-Lehrer-Akademie auf. (Autor

Sucrose-phosphate synthase phosphatase, a type 2A protein phosphatase, changes its sensitivity towards inhibition by inorganic phosphate in spinach leaves

AbstractThe activity of a type 2A protein phosphatase from spinach leaves was monitored using phosphorylated sucrose-phosphate synthase (SPS) as a substrate. After partial purification the overall activities of sucrose-phosphate synthase phosphatase (SPS-P) recovered from leaves harvested in the dark and in the light did not vary. However, SPS-P preparations from darkened leaves were more strongly inhibited by inorganic phosphate and certain phosphorylated compounds than preparations from illuminated or mannose fed leaves. We conclude, that activation of SPS involves an interconversion of multiple forms of SPS-P activity

Methylation at Global LINE-1 Repeats in Human Blood Are Affected by Gender but Not by Age or Natural Hormone Cycles

Previously, we reported on inter-individual and gender specific variations of LINE-1 methylation in healthy individuals. In this study, we investigated whether this variability could be influenced by age or sex hormones in humans. To this end, we studied LINE-1 methylation in vivo in blood-derived DNA from individuals aged 18 to 64 years and from young healthy females at various hormone levels during the menstrual cycle. Our results show that no significant association with age was observed. However, the previously reported increase of LINE-1 methylation in males was reconfirmed. In females, although no correlation between LINE-1 or Alu methylation and hormone levels was observed, a significant stable individual specific level of methylation was noted. In vitro results largely confirmed these findings, as neither estrogen nor dihydrotestosterone affected LINE-1 or Alu methylation in Hek293T, HUVEC, or MDA-kb2 cell lines. In contrast, a decrease in methylation was observed in estrogen-treated T47-Kbluc cell lines strongly expressing estrogen receptor. The very low expression of estrogen receptor in blood cells could explain the observed insensitivity of methylation at LINE-1 to natural hormonal variations in females. In conclusion, neither natural cycle of hormones nor age has a detectable effect on the LINE-1 methylation in peripheral blood cells, while gender remains an important factor

Post-intervention Status in Patients With Refractory Myasthenia Gravis Treated With Eculizumab During REGAIN and Its Open-Label Extension

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether eculizumab helps patients with anti-acetylcholine receptor-positive (AChR+) refractory generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG) achieve the Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America (MGFA) post-intervention status of minimal manifestations (MM), we assessed patients' status throughout REGAIN (Safety and Efficacy of Eculizumab in AChR+ Refractory Generalized Myasthenia Gravis) and its open-label extension. METHODS: Patients who completed the REGAIN randomized controlled trial and continued into the open-label extension were included in this tertiary endpoint analysis. Patients were assessed for the MGFA post-intervention status of improved, unchanged, worse, MM, and pharmacologic remission at defined time points during REGAIN and through week 130 of the open-label study. RESULTS: A total of 117 patients completed REGAIN and continued into the open-label study (eculizumab/eculizumab: 56; placebo/eculizumab: 61). At week 26 of REGAIN, more eculizumab-treated patients than placebo-treated patients achieved a status of improved (60.7% vs 41.7%) or MM (25.0% vs 13.3%; common OR: 2.3; 95% CI: 1.1-4.5). After 130 weeks of eculizumab treatment, 88.0% of patients achieved improved status and 57.3% of patients achieved MM status. The safety profile of eculizumab was consistent with its known profile and no new safety signals were detected. CONCLUSION: Eculizumab led to rapid and sustained achievement of MM in patients with AChR+ refractory gMG. These findings support the use of eculizumab in this previously difficult-to-treat patient population. CLINICALTRIALSGOV IDENTIFIER: REGAIN, NCT01997229; REGAIN open-label extension, NCT02301624. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class II evidence that, after 26 weeks of eculizumab treatment, 25.0% of adults with AChR+ refractory gMG achieved MM, compared with 13.3% who received placebo

Minimal Symptom Expression' in Patients With Acetylcholine Receptor Antibody-Positive Refractory Generalized Myasthenia Gravis Treated With Eculizumab

The efficacy and tolerability of eculizumab were assessed in REGAIN, a 26-week, phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody-positive (AChR+) refractory generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG), and its open-label extension

Effects of TRAM-34 and minocycline on neuroinflammation caused by diabetic ketoacidosis in a rat model.

IntroductionDiabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) causes acute and chronic neuroinflammation that may contribute to cognitive decline in patients with type 1 diabetes. We evaluated the effects of agents that reduce neuroinflammation (triarylmethane-34 (TRAM-34) and minocycline) during and after DKA in a rat model.Research design and methodsJuvenile rats with DKA were treated with insulin and saline, either alone or in combination with TRAM-34 (40 mg/kg intraperitoneally twice daily for 3 days, then daily for 4 days) or minocycline (45 mg/kg intraperitoneally daily for 7 days). We compared cytokine and chemokine concentrations in brain tissue lysates during DKA among the three treatment groups and in normal controls and diabetic controls (n=9-15/group). We also compared brain inflammatory mediator levels in these same groups in adult diabetic rats that were treated for DKA as juveniles.ResultsBrain tissue concentrations of chemokine (C-C) motif ligand (CCL)3, CCL5 and interferon (IFNγ) were increased during acute DKA, as were brain cytokine composite scores. Both treatments reduced brain inflammatory mediator levels during acute DKA. TRAM-34 predominantly reduced chemokine concentrations (chemokine (C-X-C) motif ligand (CXCL-1), CCL5) whereas minocycline had broader effects, (reducing CXCL-1, tumor necrosis factor (TNFα), IFNγ, interleukin (IL) 2, IL-10 and IL-17A). Brain inflammatory mediator levels were elevated in adult rats that had DKA as juveniles, compared with adult diabetic rats without previous DKA, however, neither TRAM-34 nor minocycline treatment reduced these levels.ConclusionsThese data demonstrate that both TRAM-34 and minocycline reduce acute neuroinflammation during DKA, however, treatment with these agents for 1 week after DKA does not reduce long-term neuroinflammation

Oceanic surface water isotopic compositions calibrated data from POLARSTERN cruise PS102

Isotopic measurements of seawater sampled on-board Polarstern research vesse

"Wir bringen die breite Basis mit" – Gemeinsames Plädoyer für eine enge Einbindung der Landesinitiativen für Forschungsdatenmanagement in die Nationale Forschungsdateninfrastruktur : gemeinsames Papier der Landesinitiativen von Baden-Württemberg (bw2FDM), Brandenburg (FDM-BB), Hessen (HeFDI), Nordrhein-Westfalen (fdm.nrw), Sachsen (SaxFDM), Thüringen (TKFDM) sowie Vertretern aus Bayern, Hamburg, Sachsen-Anhalt und Schleswig-Holstein

Der Erfolg einer nationalen Forschungsdateninfrastruktur hängt von der Einbindung der gesamten Wissenschaftsgemeinschaft und -infrastruktur ab. In zahlreichen Bundesländern existieren Landesinitiativen für Forschungsdatenmanagement oder ähnliche Einrichtungen, die dazu beitragen können, diese Einbindung zu erreichen. Das gemeinsame Papier von Vertretern aus verschiedenen Bundesländern argumentiert, dass eine enge Verknüpfung der Landesinitiativen mit dem NFDI e.V. erfolgen sollte, um die Potentiale der Zusammenarbeit zu nutzen. Der NFDI e. V. wird einen bedeutsamen Beitrag für einen besseren Umgang mit Forschungsdaten leisten, doch der Erfolg der nationalen Forschungsdateninfrastruktur ist letztlich von einer Einbindung der gesamten Wissenschaftsgemeinschaft und -infrastruktur abhängig. Die vielfältigen Forschungseinrichtungen einzubinden, erfordert Koordination auf vielen Ebenen. Speziell Hochschulen haben eine tragende Rolle für sowohl disziplinäre und interdisziplinäre Forschung als auch wissenschaftliche Ausbildung in Deutschland und sind damit zentrale Akteure für die fachübergreifende Forschungsdateninfrastruktur. Durch die Förderung von Kooperationen und Koordination auf Ebene von Ländern oder Länderverbünden lässt sich die Entwicklung der nationalen Forschungsdateninfrastruktur unterstützen. Landesinitiativen für Forschungsdatenmanagement (FDM) oder ähnliche koordinierende Einrichtungen können die digitale Transformation in der Forschung durch Information, den Aufbau von Kooperationen und die Qualifikation von Personal unterstützen. Ihre Einrichtung, dauerhafte Etablierung und Einbeziehung in die Arbeit des NFDI e. V. ist ein wichtiger Beitrag zur Schaffung einer nationalen Forschungsdateninfrastruktur

"Wir bringen die breite Basis mit" – Gemeinsames Plädoyer für eine enge Einbindung der Landesinitiativen für Forschungsdatenmanagement in die Nationale Forschungsdateninfrastruktur

Der Erfolg einer nationalen Forschungsdateninfrastruktur hängt von der Einbindung der gesamten Wissenschaftsgemeinschaft und -infrastruktur ab. In zahlreichen Bundesländern existieren Landesinitiativen für Forschungsdatenmanagement oder ähnliche Einrichtungen, die dazu beitragen können, diese Einbindung zu erreichen. Das gemeinsame Papier von Vertretern aus verschiedenen Bundesländern argumentiert, dass eine enge Verknüpfung der Landesinitiativen mit dem NFDI e.V. erfolgen sollte, um die Potentiale der Zusammenarbeit zu nutzen

Landscape simplification filters species traits and drives biotic homogenization

Biodiversity loss can affect the viability of ecosystems by decreasing the ability of communities to respond to environmental change and disturbances. Agricultural intensification is a major driver of biodiversity loss and has multiple components operating at different spatial scales: from in-field management intensity to landscape-scale simplification. Here we show that landscape-level effects dominate functional community composition and can even buffer the effects of in-field management intensification on functional homogenization, and that animal communities in real-world managed landscapes show a unified response (across orders and guilds) to both landscape-scale simplification and in-field intensification. Adults and larvae with specialized feeding habits, species with shorter activity periods and relatively small body sizes are selected against in simplified landscapes with intense in-field management. Our results demonstrate that the diversity of land cover types at the landscape scale is critical for maintaining communities, which are functionally diverse, even in landscapes where in-field management intensity is high