A relação entre antecedentes da inovação em serviços e o desempenho da inovação : o caso de uma estatal brasileira

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Economia, Administração, Contabilidade e Gestão de Políticas Públicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Administração, Mestrado Profissional em Administração Pública, 2020.A presente pesquisa tem por objetivo descrever as relações entre os antecedentes da inovação em serviços e o desempenho da inovação. A pesquisa foi aplicada em uma empresa estatal brasileira do setor produtivo, não dependente financeiramente da União, tomando por base a perspectiva schumpeteriana, que associa a inovação à ruptura com os ciclos econômicos equilibrados, e a abordagem teórica da Visão Baseada em Recursos (VBR), aonde os recursos heterogêneos podem trazer vantagem competitiva e financeira às organizações. Para efetuar a investigação foram utilizados fatores antecedentes relacionados às capacidades organizacionais, relacionais e de tecnologia da informação e comunicação (TIC) e o desempenho da inovação, abordados nos modelos teóricos de Chen et al.(2009) e Castro- Lucas (2011). Os dados foram coletados juntos aos gestores das inovações da estatal, com o uso de pesquisa documental, questionário e entrevistas, sendo as análises efetuadas por meio dos métodos Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) e Análise de Conteúdo, por se tratar de uma pesquisa qualitativa, cujas unidades de análises foram os casos de inovação em serviços da estatal. As contribuições desse trabalho centram-se em i) aperfeiçoamento de modelo teórico com ampliação da fronteira do conhecimento; ii) achados que demonstram a necessidade de combinação de antecedentes para o alcance do sucesso da inovação; iii) identificação de antecedentes primários, associados aos casos de sucesso no desempenho da inovação, por meio da análise QCA, sendo eles o conhecimento da necessidade do cliente, a participação do cliente no desenvolvimento da inovação e a utilização de TIC para manter clientes e parceiros informados; iv) ratificação, por meio de análise de conteúdo, da importância do conhecimento da necessidade do cliente e identificação da relevância, para a inovação de serviços, dos antecedentes competência técnica das equipes, envolvimento de entidades externas na geração da inovação, utilização de TIC na prestação do serviço, patrocínio organizacional e folga de recurso, sendo os dois últimos fatores antecedentes identificados adicionalmente, podendo ser incluído em modelo teórico conceitual em futuras pesquisas e, v) identificação de barreiras à inovação em serviços. Assim, o presente trabalho melhora a compreensão do desempenho por meio dos antecedentes e da combinação dos recursos que influenciam a inovação em serviços.This research aims to describe the relationship between the antecedents of services innovation and the innovation performance. The research was applied to a Brazilian state-owned company in the productive sector, not financially dependent on the Union, based on the Schumpeterian perspective, which associates innovation with the break with balanced economic cycles, and the theoretical approach of the Resource Based View (VBR), where heterogeneous resources can bring competitive and financial advantage to organizations. To carry out the investigation, antecedent factors related to organizational, relational and information and communication technology (ICT) capacities and the innovation performance were used, addressed in the theoretical models of Chen et al. (2009) and Castro-Lucas (2011). The data were collected from innovation managers of the state-owned company, using documentary research, questionnaire and interviews, and the analyzes were carried out using the Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) and Content Analysis methods, as it is a qualitative research, whose units of analysis were the cases of services innovation of the state- owned company. The contributions of this work are centered on i) improvement of theoretical model with expansion of the frontier of knowledge; ii) findings that demonstrate the need for a combination of antecedents to achieve the success of innovation; iii) identification of primary antecedents, associated with success cases in the innovation performance, through the QCA analysis, which are the knowledge of the client's need, the client's participation in the development of innovation and the use of ICT to keep clients and partners informed; iv) ratification, through content analysis, of the importance of knowing the customer's need and identifying the relevance, for service innovation, of the technical competence of the teams, involvement of external entities in the generation of innovation, use of ICT in the service provision, organizational sponsorship and resource slack, the last two antecedent factors being additionally identified, which can be included in a conceptual theoretical model in future research and, v) identification of barriers to service innovation. Thus, the present work improves the understanding of performance through the antecedents and the combination of resources that influence service innovation

MUITO ALÉM DO TRADICIONAL VERSUS MODERNO: DILEMAS CONTEMPORÂNEOS NO ESPAÇO RURAL UM ESTUDO DE CASO DO MUNICÍPIO DE ROSÁRIO DO SUL/RS

O estudo teve por objetivo analisar o processo de transformação do espaço rural do município de Rosário do Sul/RS, localizado na campanha gaúcha, atentando para conseqüências do incremento de atividades agrícolas nos convencionais espaços destinados a pecuária extensiva. A pesquisa seguiu as orientações gerais do método Análise-Diagnóstico de Sistemas Agrários e na abordagem crítica da contraposição entre o moderno e o tradicional, e acerca dos supostos benefícios que esta consolidação/substituição pode promover. Entre os principais resultados alcançados destaca-se a desmistificação de alguns mitos tidos pelo senso comum da campanha gaúcha como um espaço homogêneo e pouco dinâmico. No caso de Rosário do Sul, a [nova] organização espacial conjuga a manutenção da estrutura fundiária enraizada e legitimada pela cultura do latifúndio, com a inserção da “moderna” lavoura comercial de arroz e soja e de grandes empreendimentos empresarias na fruticultura e na celulose. Por fim, o estudo permitiu identificar a reorganização espacial fruto das interações entre as velhas formas, representadas pelas grandes propriedades de pecuária extensiva, com o moderno, representado pela entrada das atividades agrícolas empresarias. Contudo, a introdução das lavouras comerciais no espaço rural em questão, continua mantendo as velhas formas, marcadas pela estrutura fundiária altamente concentrada, sem impactar significativamente no desenvolvimento econômica geral da região.--------------------------------------------------------This study aims to analyse the transformation processs of the rural space in the city Rosário do Sul/RS, located in the countryside, focusing on the consequences of the increment of agricultural activities in convencional spaces bounded to the extensive livestock. To do it, we used a critical approach of contraposition between the modern and the tradicional and the supposed benefits that this consolidation/subtitution can promote. This study follows the general orientation of the diagnostic/analysis methods of the Agricultural System. The main results are desmistification of some elements such as the common sense of the gaucho countryside as a homogenous space and the lack of dynamism. In Rosário do Sul case, the [new] spatial organization conjugate the manutention of a well-established and acceptable agricultural structure by the culture with the insertation of relatively new and enterprised activities represented by soybeans and rice planting, as well as the insertation of orcharding (fruit growing) and its derivates. At last, the zones delimitation allowed to visualize the spacial reorganization resulting from old forms of interation represented by the agricultural structure allied with the extensive livestock and the modern represented by the input of agricultural activities. Even though the introduction of agricultural activities, the rural space still keeping its old forms marked by a concentrated agricultural structure (farms and cattle ranch), which do not represent significative economic dynamism to promote the city development in an integrated way.Campanha gaúcha, Desenvolvimento rural, Pecuária extensiva tradicional, Agricultura familiar, gaucho countryside, rural development, tradicional extensive livestock, familiar agriculture, Livestock Production/Industries,

Apresentação

Apresentação do volume 7, número 2 da Revista Compolític

Behavior of Mortars with Different Porosities in Front of Attack of Aggressive Agents

Chemical reactions that lead to decreased durability in concrete structures may result from chemical interactions between aggressive agents present in the external environment and cement paste compounds or may result from internal reactions. The chemical reactions are manifested by the physical properties of the concrete, such as porosity and permeability and the decrease of resistance and cracking. Among the several aggressive agents that attack the reinforced concrete structures it can be highlighted chloride ions, sulphate ions and carbon dioxide. In this context, the study presents the analysis of different traces of mortar executed with cement type CPII-F-32 (OPC Cement, in Brazil one of the most used cements) with w/c ratios of 0.4 and 0.7, when subjected to the attack of sulphates, chlorides and carbonation. The analyzes quantitatively evaluated the amount of ions present after exposure to the agents and demonstrate the importance of evaluating the dosage of water in the mortars to minimize future problems with durability

Edible coating containing carvacrol for postharvest microbiological conservation of tomato / Revestimento comestível contendo carvacrol para conservação microbiológica pós-colheita de tomate

Tomato is cultivated in several countries and has a significant participation in world food production. This culture suffers a huge loss in the postharvest period due to fungal disease. To improve the microbiological preservation of tomatoes in postharvest, the aim of work was investigated the antifungal activity of cassava starch/gelatin-based edible coating containing carvacrol against A. alternata using in vitro and in vivo (cherry tomato) analysis. Carvacrol showed fungal inhibitory effect (MIC = 563 µg.mL-1) and edible coating incorporated with 0.60 g of carvacrol per gram of coating solution was the most effective in inhibiting the growth of A. alternata in vivo analysis. These results suggest that the application of edible coating containing carvacrol could be used as alternative for the reduction of microbiological deterioration of tomato in the postharvest period

Comportamento das argamassas de revestimento no estado fresco, compostas com areia de britagem de rocha calcária e areia natural

O objetivo desse trabalho é identificar o comportamento da areia de britagem de rocha calcária na argamassade revestimento. Foram propostas cinco composições de traço, a primeira com 100% areia natural, que seráusado como traço de referência, a segunda composição com 80% areia natural, e 20% areia de britagem derocha calcária, o terceiro com 60% areia natural e 40% areia de britagem de rocha calcária, o quarto com40% areia natural e 60% areia de britagem de rocha calcária, e o quinto com 20% areia natural e 80% areiade britagem de rocha calcária. Os traços das argamassas foram compostos com cimento, areia, água e aditivoplastificante, sem a presença da cal, e estas foram ensaiadas no estado fresco. Os resultados mostraram que ostraços compostos com a areia de britagem de rocha calcária apresentaram melhor desempenho que o traço dereferência, composto apenas com areia natural. O traço com 60% de areia natural e 40% de areia de britagemde rocha calcária apresentou melhor desempenho, tendo apresentado uma curva granulométrica dentro dazona ótima superior e inferior exigido pela norma. A relevância desse estudo se deve ao fato de que, a areiade britagem é um resíduo que gera um importante passivo ambiental. Portanto a utilização desse tipo de resíduo,possibilita a redução desse impacto ambiental.Palavras-chave: Argamassa de revestimento. Areia natural. Areia de britagem de rocha calcária

Tumor control and QoL outcomes of very young children with atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor treated with focal only chemo-radiation therapy using pencil beam scanning proton therapy

The aim of this analysis was to assess the early clinical results of pencil beam scanning proton therapy (PT) in the treatment of young children with non-metastatic atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (ATRT) of the CNS. Fifteen children (male, n = 8, 53 %) were treated with PT between May 2008 and January 2013. Mean age at diagnosis was 17.4 ± 7.0 months. The localization was infratentorial in 9 (60 %) patients. Gross total resection of the primary tumors was achieved in 7 (47 %) patients. The dose administered focally under sedation was 54 Gy (RBE). After a median follow-up of 33.4 months (range 9.7-69.2), 3 (20 %), 4 (27 %) and 2 (13 %) patients presented with local failure (LF), distant brain failure (DBF) and spinal failure (SF), respectively. Six patients died, all of tumor progression. The 2-year overall- and progression-free survival was 64.6 and 66.0 %. Tumor location (supratentorial) and the extent of surgical resection (non-gross total resection) were negative prognostic factors for both OS and PFS. PT was well tolerated. No grade >2 acute toxicity was observed. The estimated 2-year toxicity-free survival was 90 %. As assessed by the PedsQoL proxy, no decrease in QoL was observed after PT. We conclude that PBS PT is an effective treatment for young children with ATRT. After PT, with or without concomitant chemotherapy, two third of the patients survived >2 years. Acute toxicity was manageable. Longer follow-up and larger numbers of patients are needed to assess long-term outcomes and treatment-induced toxicity

Development and in vivo validation of phospholipid-based depots for the sustained release of bupivacaine.

By direct deposition of the drug at the local site of action, injectable depot formulations - intended for treatment of a local disease or for local intervention - are designed to limit the immediate exposure of the active principle at a systemic level and to reduce the frequency of administration. To overcome known drawbacks in the production of some marketed phospholipid-based depots, here we propose to manufacture drug-loaded negatively charged liposomes through conventional technologies and to control their aggregation mixing a solution of divalent cations prior to administration. We identified phosphatidylglycerol (PG) as the most suitable phospholipid for controlled aggregation of the liposomes and to modulate the release of the anesthetic bupivacaine (BUP) from liposomal depots. In vivo imaging of the fluorescently-labelled liposomes showed a significantly higher retention of the PG liposomes at the injection site with respect to neutral ones. In situ mixing of PG liposomes with calcium salts significantly extended the area under the curve of BUP in plasma compared to the non-depot system. Overall, controlling the aggregation of negatively charged liposomes with divalent cations not only modulated the particle clearance from the injection site but also the release in vivo of a small amphipathic drug such as BUP

Epstein-Barr virus-induced metabolic rearrangements in human B-cell lymphomas

Tumor metabolism has been the object of several studies in the past, leading to the pivotal observation of a consistent shift toward aerobic glycolysis (so-called Warburg effect). More recently, several additional investigations proved that tumor metabolism is profoundly affected during tumorigenesis, including glucose, lipid and amino-acid metabolism. It is noticeable that metabolic reprogramming can represent a suitable therapeutic target in many cancer types. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was the first virus linked with cancer in humans when Burkitt lymphoma (BL) was described. Besides other well-known effects, it was recently demonstrated that EBV can induce significant modification in cell metabolism, which may lead or contribute to neoplastic transformation of human cells. Similarly, virus-induced tumorigenesis is characterized by relevant metabolic abnormalities directly induced by the oncoviruses. In this article, the authors critically review the most recent literature concerning EBV-induced metabolism alterations in lymphomas