Protein-mediated protection as the predominant mechanism for defining processed mRNA termini in land plant chloroplasts

Most chloroplast mRNAs are processed from larger precursors. Several mechanisms have been proposed to mediate these processing events, including site-specific cleavage and the stalling of exonucleases by RNA structures. A protein barrier mechanism was proposed based on analysis of the pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) protein PPR10: PPR10 binds two intercistronic regions and impedes 5′- and 3′-exonucleases, resulting in processed RNAs with PPR10 bound at the 5′- or 3′-end. In this study, we provide evidence that protein barriers are the predominant means for defining processed mRNA termini in chloroplasts. First, we map additional RNA termini whose arrangement suggests biogenesis via a PPR10-like mechanism. Second, we show that the PPR protein HCF152 binds to the immediate 5′- or 3′-termini of transcripts that require HCF152 for their accumulation, providing evidence that HCF152 defines RNA termini by blocking exonucleases. Finally, we build on the observation that the PPR10 and HCF152 binding sites accumulate as small chloroplast RNAs to infer binding sites of other PPR proteins. We show that most processed mRNA termini are represented by small RNAs whose sequences are highly conserved. We suggest that each such small RNA is the footprint of a PPR-like protein that protects the adjacent RNA from degradation

Molecular Interactions and Protein-Induced DNA Hairpin in the Transcriptional Control of Bacteriophage Ø29 DNA

Studies on the regulation of phage Ø29 gene expression revealed a new mechanism to accomplish simultaneous activation and repression of transcription leading to orderly gene expression. Two phage-encoded early proteins, p4 and p6, bind synergistically to DNA, modifying the topology of the sequences encompassing early promoters A2c and A2b and late promoter A3 in a hairpin that allows the switch from early to late transcription. Protein p6 is a nucleoid-like protein that binds DNA in a non-sequence specific manner. Protein p4 is a sequence-specific DNA binding protein with multifaceted sequence-readout properties. The protein recognizes the chemical signature of only one DNA base on the inverted repeat of its target sequence through a direct-readout mechanism. In addition, p4 specific binding depends on the recognition of three A-tracts by indirect-readout mechanisms. The biological importance of those three A-tracts resides in their individual properties rather than in the global curvature that they may induce

The impact of COVID-19 on learning for final year nursing students

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has been severe, particularly for the health and social care sector. For nursing students, this has caused major disruption and uncertainty to their studies. However, this exceptional situation has also created unique learning opportunities exposing students to unprecedented circumstances that offer new experiences and encourage resourcefulness and initiative in their practice as they transition to registered practice. This chapter has provided a fantastic opportunity to explore the experience of a final year undergraduate nursing module which took an innovative approach to learning about quality and service improvement. We will share with readers a snapshot of the experiences and reflections of nursing students who were learning and working through the initial waves of the Covid-19 pandemic in the UK

The impact of COVID-19 on learning for final year nursing students

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has been severe, particularly for the health and social care sector. For nursing students, this has caused major disruption and uncertainty to their studies. However, this exceptional situation has also created unique learning opportunities exposing students to unprecedented circumstances that offer new experiences and encourage resourcefulness and initiative in their practice as they transition to registered practice. This chapter has provided a fantastic opportunity to explore the experience of a final year undergraduate nursing module which took an innovative approach to learning about quality and service improvement. We will share with readers a snapshot of the experiences and reflections of nursing students who were learning and working through the initial waves of the Covid-19 pandemic in the UK

APO1 Promotes the Splicing of Chloroplast Group II Introns and Harbors a Plant-Specific Zinc-Dependent RNA Binding Domain[W]

This study demonstrates that APO1, originally proposed to be involved in the maturation of proteins with [4Fe-4S] ligands, is instead required for the splicing of several chloroplast introns. It shows further that DUF794, the plant-specific domain of unknown function that makes up the bulk of APO1, is an RNA binding domain harboring zinc binding motifs

Depressive Symptom Clusters in Relation to Body Weight Status:Results From Two Large European Multicenter Studies

Background: There is strong evidence for a bidirectional association between depression and obesity. Several biological, psychological, and behavior-related factors may influence this complex association. Clinical impression and preliminary evidence suggest that patients with a diagnosis of major depressive disorder may endorse very different depressive symptom patterns depending on their body weight status. Until now, little is known about potential differences in depressive symptoms in relation to body weight status. Objective: The aim of this analysis is the investigation of potential differences in depressive symptom clusters (mood symptoms, somatic/vegetative symptoms, and cognitive symptoms) in relation to body weight status. Methods: Cross-sectional baseline data were derived from two large European multicenter studies: the MooDFOOD Trial and the NESDA cohort study, including persons with overweight and obesity and normal weight reporting subthreshold depressive symptoms (assessment via Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology Self-Report, IDS-SR30). Different measures for body weight status [waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and body mass index (BMI)] were examined. Propensity score matching was performed and multiple linear regression analyses were conducted. Results: A total of n = 504 individuals (73.0% women) were analyzed. Results show that more somatic/vegetative depressive symptoms, such as pain, change in appetite and weight, gastrointestinal symptoms, and arousal-related symptoms, were significantly associated with both a higher BMI and higher WHR, respectively. In addition, being male and older age were significantly associated with higher WHR. Mood and cognitive depressive symptoms did not yield significant associations for both body weight status measures. Conclusions: Somatic/vegetative symptoms and not mood and cognitive symptoms of depression are associated with body weight status. Thus, the results support previous findings of heterogeneous depressive symptoms in relation to body weight status. In addition to BMI, other body weight status measures for obesity should be taken into account in future studies. Clinical Trial Registration:www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT02529423

Papel de Colgadura, Vol. 14

Contiene : Bienes íntimos: releyendo historias de familia y poder, Watkins, Sarah E. -- Soflan is a weapon of mass destruction, Buchely Ibarra, Lina Fernanda -- Horneando pan en fogón de leña, Vergara Figueroa, Aurora -- Pensamientos desde el cuarto al lado de la cosina, Sierra Arango, Sergio Alberto -- De brujas e ismos, Cuéllar Barona, Margarita Leonor -- Puertas pa´ fuera, Cadavid Valencia, Claudia -- Miedo y cuerpo, Granados Barco , Adriana -- ¿Quién dijo que esta ciudad es para todas?, Garay , Ana -- Mis días en el sauna -- Es cuestión de ser un gallo fino, López Herazo, Luis Alfredo -- El compadrazgo colombiano : ¿la otra sociedad de los Caballeros del Anillo?, Ortega, Alexander -- Bordando para no olvidar, Cardona Londoño, Nicolás -- Pensamientos acerca de la construcción de la masculinidad, Paz Serrano, Juan José -- Círculo de hombres de Cali, Pinto Alvarado, Natalio -- Los signos : el médico y el arte de la lectura del cuerpo, Lozano Sánchez, Esthepanía -- Señor ego -- De la belleza un corsé. Del dolor, ellas -- Cachetes de marrana flaca, Montoya Robledo, Valentina -- Las palabras, el estado y el amor, Solano Gómez, Diana Marcela -- Celebrar con moderación, Valero L., Andrés -- Cómo ser mujer : Caitlin Moran, Unás Camelo, Viviam Stella -- Gabriela Castellanos y su novela Jalisco, Navia, Carmiña -- En diciembre llegaban las brisas, Ruíz Navarro, Catalina -- Vida hogareña, Cuéllar Barona, Margarita Leonor -- La guerra no tiene rostro de mujer, Ibarra Melo, María Eugenia -- Sarah Kane o el paso obligado de la explosión violenta a la reflexión interior, Ariza, María del Mar -- Notches,Necochea López, Raúl