Comparação do desempenho de tecnicas CDMA para comunicações sem fio em ambientes interiores

Orientador: Jaime PortugheisDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de ComputaçãoMestrad

Quasi-static scheduling of independent tasks for reactive systems

The synthesis of a reactive system generates a set of concurrent tasks coordinated by an operating system. This paper presents a synthesis approach for reactive systems that aims at minimizing the overhead introduced by the operating system and the interaction among the concurrent tasks. A formal model based on Petri nets is used to synthesize the tasks. A practical application is illustrated by means of a real-life industrial example.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Effects of cholestyramine and lovastatin upon plasma lipids and egg yolk cholesterol levels of laying hens

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of cholestyramine and lovastatin, lipid-lowering agents, upon egg quality, reproductive performance, plasma lipids and egg yolk cholesterol levels of Shaver laying hens. Twenty-six-weeks-old hens were fed basal diet without animal products containing 0.2% cholestyramine (COL1), 0.3% cholestyramine (COL2) or 0.005% lovastatin (LOV) for 6 weeks. It was observed that the supplementation of the drugs did not impair albumen and shell quality. Hen performance was not adversely affected, with the exception of the significant reduction (p < 0.05) in egg weights. No significant changes were observed on plasma lipids, and egg yolk cholesterol remained unchanged with the addition of the drugs.O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar os efeitos da colestiramina e da lovastatina, drogas hipolipemizantes, sobre a qualidade do ovo, desempenho das aves, teores de lípides plasmáticos e de colesterol na gema do ovo de galinhas poedeiras Shaver. Aves com 26 semanas de idade receberam como alimentação dieta formulada sem ingredientes de origem animal (COM) acrescida de colestiramina a 0,2% (COL1) e 0,3% (COL2) e lovastatina a 0,005% (LOV) durante 6 semanas. A adição das drogas não prejudicou a qualidade da casca e do albúmen dos ovos. De um modo geral, o desempenho produtivo das aves não foi afetado, com exceção da redução observada no peso médio dos ovos. Não foram observadas mudanças nos teores de lípides plasmáticos das aves e a concentração de colesterol na gema permaneceu inalterada mediante a adição das drogas

The impact of culture, evaluation of store image and satisfaction on purchase intention at supermarkets

Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the influence of culture in terms of individualism and collectivism (I-C), store image and customer satisfaction, on purchase intention at supermarkets. Design/methodology/approach – In order to carry out the descriptive and quantitative research, the authors applied 443 questionnaires to consumers in two Brazilian supermarket chains. The authors used structured equation modeling for data analysis. Findings – Customers’ satisfaction and the evaluation of store image positively affect purchase intention; however, I-C did not show any effect. The cultural dimension slightly influenced the assessment of store image by only 2 percent. Store image positively affects consumer satisfaction. Research limitations/implications – This study used convenience sampling and omission of vertical and horizontal variations of I-C in data analyses. The authors suggested the use of probabilistic sampling and the inclusion of vertical and horizontal variations of I-C. The relationships investigated herein can still be analyzed in other contexts. Practical implications – In order to increase satisfaction and purchase intention, it is necessary to prioritize aspects related to layout, service and products’ variety and quality. Still, managers should not worry about I-C, since it does not affect purchase intention. Originality/value – The authors observed the relevance of the study after carrying out a literature review on the subject. There is a lack of studies that investigate the relationship between I-C, evaluation of store image, consumer satisfaction and purchase intention, either together or in the context of supermarkets

Chemical survey toward young stellar objects in the Perseus molecular cloud complex

Chemical diversity of the gas in low-mass protostellar cores is widely recognized. In order to explore its origin, a survey of chemical composition toward 36 Class 0/I protostars in the Perseus molecular cloud complex, which are selected in an unbiased way under certain physical conditions, has been conducted with IRAM 30 m and NRO 45 m telescope. Multiple lines of C2H, c-C3H2 and CH3OH have been observed to characterize the chemical composition averaged over a 1000 au scale around the protostar. The derived beam-averaged column densities show significant chemical diversity among the sources, where the column density ratios of C2H/CH3OH are spread out by 2 orders of magnitude. From previous studies, the hot corino sources have abundant CH3OH but deficient C2H, their C2H/CH3OH column density ratios being relatively low. In contrast, the warm-carbon-chain chemistry (WCCC) sources are found to reveal the high C2H/CH3OH column density ratios. We find that the majority of the sources have intermediate characters between these two distinct chemistry types. A possible trend is seen between the C2H/CH3OH ratio and the distance of the source from the edge of a molecular cloud. The sources located near cloud edges or in isolated clouds tend to have a high C2H/CH3OH ratio. On the other hand, the sources having a low C2H/CH3OH ratio tend to be located in inner regions of the molecular cloud complex. This result gives an important clue to an understanding of the origin of the chemical diversity of protostellar cores in terms of environmental effects.Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ

Contribution of Langerhans Cell-Derived IL-18 to Contact Hypersensitivity

AbstractThe epidermal Langerhans cells (LC), a member of the dendritic cell family, and the LC-derived cytokine IL-12 play a pivotal role in the initiation of contact hypersensitivity (CHS), a Th1 immune response in the skin. Because IL-18, another LC-derived cytokine, shares functional and biological properties with IL-12, we examined a potential role for IL-18 in CHS initiation. Our studies demonstrated that during the induction phase of murine CHS, IL-18 mRNA was significantly up-regulated in the skin-draining lymph nodes (LN). Migratory hapten-modified LC in LN expressed high levels of IL-18 mRNA and secreted functional IL-18 protein. LN cells produced significant amounts of IFN-γ following in vitro IL-12 stimulation, which could be partially blocked by anti-IL-18 Ab, suggesting a synergistic role for endogenous IL-18 in IFN-γ production by LN cells. Because mature IL-18 requires cleavage of immature precursors by caspase-1, we further examined IL-12-induced IFN-γ production in caspase-1−/− LN cells. An impaired IFN-γ production was seen in caspase-1−/− LN cells, which could be restored by addition of exogenous IL-18, supporting a role for caspase-1-cleaved, mature IL-18 in IFN-γ production. Finally, in vivo studies showed that CHS responses were significantly inhibited in mice treated with neutralizing IL-18 Ab as well as in caspase-1−/− mice deficient in mature IL-18, indicating functional relevance for IL-18 in CHS. Taken together, our studies demonstrate that LC-derived IL-18 significantly contributes to CHS initiation

Open-cavity in closed-cycle cryostat as a quantum optics platform

The introduction of an optical resonator can enable efficient and precise interaction between a photon and a solid-state emitter. It facilitates the study of strong light-matter interaction, polaritonic physics and presents a powerful interface for quantum communication and computing. A pivotal aspect in the progress of light-matter interaction with solid-state systems is the challenge of combining the requirements of cryogenic temperature and high mechanical stability against vibrations while maintaining sufficient degrees of freedom for in-situ tunability. Here, we present a fiber-based open Fabry-P\'{e}rot cavity in a closed-cycle cryostat exhibiting ultra-high mechanical stability while providing wide-range tunability in all three spatial directions. We characterize the setup and demonstrate the operation with the root-mean-square cavity length fluctuation of less than $90$ pm at temperature of $6.5$ K and integration bandwidth of $100$ kHz. Finally, we benchmark the cavity performance by demonstrating the strong-coupling formation of exciton-polaritons in monolayer WSe$_2$ with a cooperativity of $1.6$. This set of results manifests the open-cavity in a closed-cycle cryostat as a versatile and powerful platform for low-temperature cavity QED experiments.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figure

Open-Cavity in Closed-Cycle Cryostat as a Quantum Optics Platform

The introduction of an optical resonator can enable efficient and precise interaction between a photon and a solid-state emitter. It facilitates the study of strong light-matter interaction, polaritonic physics and presents a powerful interface for quantum communication and computing. A pivotal aspect in the progress of light-matter interaction with solid-state systems is the challenge of combining the requirements of cryogenic temperature and high mechanical stability against vibrations while maintaining sufficient degrees of freedom for in situ tunability. Here, we present a fiber-based open Fabry-Pérot cavity in a closed-cycle cryostat exhibiting ultrahigh mechanical stability while providing wide-range tunability in all three spatial directions. We characterize the setup and demonstrate the operation with the root-mean-square cavitylength fluctuation of less than 90 pm at temperature of 6.5 K and integration bandwidth of 100 kHz. Finally, we benchmark the cavity performance by demonstrating the strong-coupling formation of exciton polaritons in monolayer WSe2 with a cooperativity of 1.6. This set of results manifests the open cavity in a closed-cycle cryostat as a versatile and powerful platform for low-temperature cavity QED experiments

Potencial de redução da emissão de gases de efeito estufa através de intermodalidade no corredor de carga geral Manaus-Santos

O transporte aquaviário possui, de acordo com a literatura, um dos menores fatoresm emissão de gases de efeito estufa por carga transportada, devido principalmente, à sua alta capacidade de carga, superior a de um caminhão ou a de um trem. O Brasil apresenta uma costa muito extensa, favorecendo a cabotagem para o transporte de longa distância para grandes quantidades de carga, embora este modo tenha se mostrado expressivo apenas a partir de 1999 (Sampaio, 2006). A zona Franca de Manaus , um dos principais polos industriais brasileiros, tem sua produção industrial voltada majoritariamente para o mercado consumidor de São Paulo. Assim , este artigo tem como objetivo mensurar o potencial de redução de emissões de gases do efeito estufa (GEE) para o corredor de carga geral conteinerizada Manaus – Santos , ao comparar a alternativa exclusivamente rodoviária à alternativa intermodal que utiliza a cabotagem como modo de transporte principal; além de indicar as principais etapas emissoras na cabotagem. Os principais resultados indicam que a cabotagem é uma opção mais interessante do ponto de vista energético e ambiental, uma vez que emite cerca de 11 vezes menos CO2 (expresso em termos de t.km) que uma viagem realizada por rodoviaThe maritime transportation has, according to the literature, one of the lowest emission factors of greenhouse gases (GHG) by cargo carried, due mainly to its high load capacity, which is greater than a truck or a train. Since the Brazilian coast covers a large territory, cabotage is the ideal mode of transportation for bulk cargo between regions such as southeast and north. However, this mode has become more significant since 1999 (Sampaio, 2006). The free economic zone of Manaus, one of the main industrial centers in Brazil, has its production designated to São Paulo’s consumers market. Thus, this article aims to meas ure the reduction potential of the GHG emission of the containerized general cargo transportation between Manaus and Santos, when comparing a road transportation mode with an intermodal alternative, which has cabotage as its main means of transportation. Besides this article displays the key pollutant stages of cabotage. The results show that cabotage is a better option, since its emissions are 11 times lower (in gCO 2 /t.km) than the emissions in a road tri

Chemical Survey toward Young Stellar Objects in the Perseus Molecular Cloud Complex

The chemical diversity of gas in low-mass protostellar cores is widely recognized. In order to explore the origin of this diversity, a survey of chemical composition toward 36 Class 0/I protostars in the Perseus molecular cloud complex, which are selected in an unbiased way under certain physical conditions, has been conducted with IRAM 30 m and NRO 45 m telescope. Multiple lines of C2H, c-C3H2, and CH3OH have been observed to characterize the chemical composition averaged over a 1000 au scale around the protostar. The derived beam-averaged column densities show significant chemical diversity among the sources, where the column density ratios of C2H/CH3OH are spread out by two orders of magnitude. From previous studies, the hot corino sources have abundant CH3OH but deficient C2H, their C2H/CH3OH column density ratios being relatively low. In contrast, the warm-carbon-chain chemistry (WCCC) sources are found to reveal the high C2H/CH3OH column density ratios. We find that the majority of the sources have intermediate characters between these two distinct chemistry types. A possible trend is seen between the C2H/CH3OH ratio and the distance of the source from the edge of a molecular cloud. The sources located near cloud edges or in isolated clouds tend to have a high C2H/CH3OH ratio. On the other hand, the sources having a low C2H/CH3OH ratio tend to be located in the inner regions of the molecular cloud complex. This result gives an important clue toward understanding the origin of the chemical diversity of protostellar cores in terms of environmental effects