Data on inflammasome gene polymorphisms of patients with sporadic malignant melanoma in a Brazilian cohort

AbstractThis article presents data related to our another article entitled, Genotyping and differential expression analysis of inflammasome genes in sporadic malignant melanoma reveal novel contribution of CARD8, IL1B and IL18 in melanoma susceptibility and progression (W.C. Silva, T.M. Oshiro, D.C. Sá, D.D.G.S. Franco, C. Festa Neto, A. Pontillo, 2016) [2]. Data presented here refers to the distribution of selected inflammasome SNPs in a Brazilian case/control cohort. We have identified 4 inflammasome related Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) for CARD8 (rs6509365); IL1B (rs1143643) and IL18 (rs5744256 and rs1834481) related to melanoma susceptibility/protection. This data can serve as a potential prognostic marker in sporadic malignant melanoma

Conocimiento de los estudiantes sobre derecho de imagen del paciente

A difusão global das tecnologias, utilizadas inclusive por profissionais e estudantes em instituições de saúde, facilita a captura e reprodução de imagens do paciente, muitas vezes sem prévio consentimento informado. Esta pesquisa pretendeu avaliar de forma ampla o conhecimento de estudantes sobre direitos de imagem do paciente. Trata-se de estudo observacional e com abordagem quantitativa, realizado com 263 estudantes dos cursos de odontologia e medicina. Entre os entrevistados, 115 (44%) declararam ter fotografado ou gravado em vídeo algum paciente, exame ou prontuário em determinado momento, e 192 (73%) relataram desconhecer a legislação a respeito do uso de imagens. Conclui-se que há lacuna na formação desses estudantes quanto a essa questão, já que esse procedimento está presente em toda a graduação e, na maioria das vezes, o consentimento do paciente é obtido de maneira não usual.The global diffusion of technologies, used by people today, including professionals and students in health institutions, makes it easy to capture and reproduce patient images, often without the prior obtaining of an informed consent. It was intended to obtain an expanded assessment of students’ knowledge about patient image rights. This was an observational study, with a quantitative approach performed with 263 students from dentistry and medical courses. Among the interviewees, 115 (43.7%) students reported having photographed or filmed a patient examination or medical record at some point and 192 (73%) participants reported that they did not know about any legislation regarding inappropriate use of images. It could be concluded that there is a gap in the training of these students in the use of patient images since the capture of images is present during the entire graduation course and, most of the time, the consent of the patient was obtained in an unusual way.La difusión global de las tecnologías, utilizadas incluso por los profesionales y estudiantes en las instituciones de salud, hace que la captura y reproducción de imágenes del paciente tenga lugar fácilmente, muchas veces sin la previa obtención del consentimiento informado. Se pretendió obtener una evaluación ampliada del conocimiento de los estudiantes sobre los derechos de imagen del paciente. Se trató de un estudio observacional, con un abordaje cuantitativo realizado con 263 estudiantes de las carreras de odontología y medicina. Entre los entrevistados, 115 (43,7%) estudiantes declararon haber fotografiado o filmado algún paciente, examen o historial en algún momento, y 192 (73%) participantes relataron no conocer ninguna legislación acerca del uso inadecuado de imágenes. Se puede concluir que hay una laguna en la formación de estos estudiantes frente al uso de imágenes del paciente ya que la captura de imágenes está presente durante toda la carrera de grado y, la mayoría de las veces, el consentimiento del paciente fue obtenido de manera no frecuente

Avaliação do Índice de Massa Corpórea, Pressão Arterial, Frequência Cardíaca e Perimetria Abdominal da Comunidade da Clínica Escola ESEFFEGO

Os principais fatores de risco para as doenças cardiovasculares são dislipidemia, hipertensão arterial, diabetes e obesidade. De acordo com a Organização Mundial de Saúde, o Brasil aparece em 9º lugar na lista dos países cuja mortalidade é maior, em números absolutos, de doenças cardíacas. Partindo da necessidade de conscientizar a população sobre as doenças que acometem o coração, o Grupo PET FISIO realizou a oficina „Cuide bem do seu coração‟, a fim de informar os pacientes sobre as principais doenças que acometem o coração e a importância da prevenção como o melhor tratamento contra as patologias cardiovasculares. Participaram do estudo 38 pessoas, com idade entre 28 e 93 anos, de ambos os sexos, em dois dias de atividade, sendo três apresentações no período matutino das 08:00 horas às 11:00 horas e três no vespertino, das 13:00 horas às 16:00 horas. Uma ficha de cada participante foi preenchida com as mensurações de pressão arterial (PA), frequencia cardíaca (FC), peso, altura e a circunferência abdominal (CA), e cálculo do índice de massa corporal (IMC). Todos os pacientes foram informados dos valores avaliados e orientados a respeito dos resultados. Através da análise dos resultados, constatou-se que em relação à FC, 52,6% dos avaliados encontram-se em um padrão normal, enquanto 42,1% num valor acima do normal e, apenas 5,3% apresentaram-se com FC em valores abaixo do normal. Quanto à PA, 73,7% eram normotensos e 26,3% hipertensos. Com relação ao IMC e perimetria abdominal constatou-se que 57,9% dos pacientes apresentaram sobrepeso ou obesidade e 73,7% possuem medida abdominal com fator de risco aumentado. O estudo reforça a necessidadede ações de cunho informativo e preventivo a fim orientar a população dos riscos e complicações recorrentes dos maus hábitos de vid

Principais fatores associados ao Diabetes Mellitus Gestacional (DMG): uma revisão

Pregnancy is a physiological process for human reproduction. However, there are some factors that hinder this gestational process, such as Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), which is defined as any degree of glucose intolerance, with the first recognition during pregnancy. This study aimed to identify the factors associated with Diabetes GDM in pregnant women. Through an integrative literature review, descriptive and exploratory based on scientific evidence. Confirming that GDM is associated with a sedentary lifestyle, poor diet and that it can trigger miscarriage and pre-eclampsia, in addition to causing problems for both mother and baby. The nursing diagnosis in prenatal care makes all the difference, for screening and early treatment, through interventions and health education. It is still of great importance that the nurse advises on the risk factors and thus contributes to the prevention of more pathologies such as GDM, which can be avoided. Keywords: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus; Pregnancy; Risk factorsEl embarazo es un proceso fisiológico de la reproducción humana. Sin embargo, existen algunos factores que dificultan este proceso gestacional, como la Diabetes Mellitus Gestacional (DMG), que se define como cualquier grado de intolerancia a la glucosa, con el primer reconocimiento durante el embarazo. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar los factores asociados con la Diabetes DMG en mujeres embarazadas. A través de una revisión bibliográfica integradora, descriptiva y exploratoria basada en evidencia científica. Confirmando que la DMG está asociada al sedentarismo, a la mala alimentación y que puede desencadenar abortos y preeclampsia, además de causar problemas tanto a la madre como al bebé. El diagnóstico de enfermería en el prenatal marca la diferencia, para el tamizaje y tratamiento precoz, a través de intervenciones y educación en salud. Sigue siendo de gran importancia que la enfermera asesore sobre los factores de riesgo y así contribuir a la prevención de más patologías como la DMG, que se pueden evitar. Palabras clave: Diabetes Mellitus Gestacional; El embarazo; Factores de riesgoA gestação é um processo fisiológico para a reprodução humana. Entretanto, existem alguns fatores que dificultam esse processo gestacional como a Diabetes Mellitus Gestacional (DMG), que definhado como qualquer grau de intolerância à glicose, com o primeiro reconhecimento na gestação. Este estudo teve por finalidade identificar os fatores associados ao Diabetes DMG em gestantes. Por meio de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, de caráter descritivo e exploratório baseado em evidências científicas. Confirmando que a DMG está associada ao sedentarismo, má alimentação e que pode desencadear aborto espontâneo e pré-eclâmpsia, além de trazer problemas tanto para mãe como ao bebê. O diagnóstico da enfermagem no pré-natal faz toda diferença, para o rastreamento e tratamento precoce, por meio intervenções e educação em saúde. Ainda é de grande importância que o enfermeiro oriente quanto aos fatores de risco e assim contribua para a prevenção de mais patologias como a DMG, que podem ser evitada. &nbsp

Clinical and epidemiological profile of children and adolescents submitted to the hematopoietic cell transplantation

The Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is used in children as a definitive treatment for various oncological, immune deficiencies, hemoglobinopathy, and malignancies diseases that involve the hematological system, congenital metabolism disorders, among others. To characterize the clinical and epidemiological profile of children and adolescents submitted to HSCT at a referral service in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. This is a quantitative, retrospective, observational, descriptive and analytical quantitative approach approaching the medical records of children and adolescents submitted to HSCT in a referral hospital service for this type of transplantation in the state of Rio Grande do Sul North (RN). The final sample consisted of 35 records patients aged between 2 and 18 years old who underwent HSCT from February 2008 to December 2015 and who presented the data necessary for the study. The records analyzed showed a little majority of male patients (51.42%) and 60.00% of these men were students and 71.42% lived in the state of the Rio Grande do Norte. According to the clinical characteristics, 34.3% of the patients had Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and 25.71% had Acute Myeloid Leukemia as the main diagnosis. Gastrointestinal toxicities were the most frequent (97.1%) and all patients received antineoplastic/chemotherapeutic and antiemetic treatment. The allogeneic HSCT was the most frequently performed (57.14%) and the most used source of Hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC) was the peripheral blood (54.29%) and 5.71% of these patients developed the Graft versus Host Disease (GVHD), of which one was affected by acute GVHD and another by chronic GVHD. Septsis was the most frequent cause of death (60%). The profile of the clinical variables presented by the children and adolescents of this study shows that the most prevalent diagnosis was ALL, the most frequent toxicities were gastrointestinal, cardiac, respiratory and hematological, the most common HSCT was allogeneic peripheral blood and the greatest cause of mortality was sepsis. These data are similar to studies conducted in North America, Europe and Asia

A pandemia de COVID-19 e mudanças nos estilos de vida dos adolescentes brasileiros

Objective: To analyze changes in the lifestyles of Brazilian adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out with adolescents who participated in the “Covid Adolescentes - Behavior Survey”. The indicators related to lifestyles before and during the pandemic were evaluated: consumption of healthy and unhealthy foods, physical activity and sedentary behavior, smoking and consumption of alcoholic beverages. Prevalence and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for the total population and according to sex and age group. Results: 9,470 adolescents participated in the study. During the period of social distance, there was an increase in the prevalence of consumption of vegetables (from 27.34% to 30.5%), frozen foods (from 13.26% to 17.3%), chocolates and sweets (from 48.58% to 52.51%) and time in front of screens (from 44.57% to 70.15%). On the other hand, there was a decrease in the practice of physical activity (from 28.7% to 15.74%) and in the consumption of alcoholic beverages (from 17.72% to 12.77%). Differences were observed according to sex and age group. Conclusion: The results show changes in the adolescents' lifestyles and an increase in health risk behaviors.Objetivo: Analisar as mudanças nos estilos de vida dos adolescentes brasileiros durante pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado com adolescentes que participaram do inquérito “Convid Adolescentes - Pesquisa de Comportamentos”. Foram avaliados os indicadores relacionados aos estilos de vida antes e durante a pandemia: consumo de alimentos saudáveis e não saudáveis, prática de atividade física e comportamento sedentário, tabagismo e consumo de bebidas alcóolicas. Foram calculadas as prevalências e intervalos de confiança de 95% para população total e segundo sexo e faixa etária. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 9.470 adolescentes. Durante o período de distanciamento social, foi observado aumento nas prevalências de consumo de hortaliças (de 27,34% para 30,5%), de pratos congelados (de 13,26% para 17,3%), de chocolates e doces (de 48,58% para 52,51%) e do tempo em frente às telas (de 44,57% para 70,15%). Por outro lado, houve diminuição da prática de atividade física (de 28,7% para 15,74%) e do consumo de bebidas alcóolicas (de 17,72% para 12,77%). Foram observadas diferenças segundo sexo e faixa etária. Conclusão: Os resultados apontam mudanças nos estilos de vida dos adolescentes e aumento de comportamentos de risco à saúde. Objetivo: Analisar as mudanças nos estilos de vida dos adolescentes brasileiros durante pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado com adolescentes que participaram do inquérito “Convid Adolescentes - Pesquisa de Comportamentos”. Foram avaliados os indicadores relacionados aos estilos de vida antes e durante a pandemia: consumo de alimentos saudáveis e não saudáveis, prática de atividade física e comportamento sedentário, tabagismo e consumo de bebidas alcóolicas. Foram calculadas as prevalências e intervalos de confiança de 95% para população total e segundo sexo e faixa etária. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 9.470 adolescentes. Durante o período de distanciamento social, foi observado aumento nas prevalências de consumo de hortaliças (de 27,34% para 30,5%), de pratos congelados (de 13,26% para 17,3%), de chocolates e doces (de 48,58% para 52,51%) e do tempo em frente às telas (de 44,57% para 70,15%). Por outro lado, houve diminuição da prática de atividade física (de 28,7% para 15,74%) e do consumo de bebidas alcóolicas (de 17,72% para 12,77%). Foram observadas diferenças segundo sexo e faixa etária. Conclusão: Os resultados apontam mudanças nos estilos de vida dos adolescentes e aumento de comportamentos de risco à saúde

Characterization of Dengue Virus Type 2: New Insights on the 2010 Brazilian Epidemic

Dengue viruses (DENV) serotypes 1, 2, and 3 have been causing yearly outbreaks in Brazil. In this study, we report the re-introduction of DENV2 in the coast of São Paulo State. Partial envelope viral genes were sequenced from eighteen patients with dengue fever during the 2010 epidemic. Phylogenetic analysis showed this strain belongs to the American/Asian genotype and was closely related to the virus that circulated in Rio de Janeiro in 2007 and 2008. The phylogeny also showed no clustering by clinical presentation, suggesting that the disease severity could not be explained by distinct variants or genotypes. The time of the most recent common ancestor of American/Asian genotype and the São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro (SP/RJ) monophyletic cluster was estimated to be around 40 and 10 years, respectively. Since this virus was first identified in Brazil in 2007, we suggest that it was already circulating in the country before causing the first documented outbreak. This is the first description of the 2010 outbreak in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, and should contribute to efforts to control and monitor the spread of DENVs in endemic areas

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost