Aplicación de metodología AMFE para incrementar la productividad de la línea de producción de la Embotelladora Cassinelli S.A.C. – Trujillo - 2022

El presente trabajo de investigación tuvo por finalidad la aplicación de la metodología AMFE para incrementar la productividad en la línea de embotellado de agua de mesa de la empresa Embotelladora Cassinelli S.A.C de la ciudad de Trujillo. Se utilizó como técnicas de recolección de datos: la observación de campo y el análisis documental, así como también instrumentos como guías de observación y fichas de registros. El estudio inicia con el diagnóstico de la productividad inicial de la línea de embotellado de la empresa, producto de data histórica suministrada por esta, estudiando dicha variable en sus dimensiones de eficiencia respecto al uso de botellones conformes y la eficacia respecto al cumplimiento de la producción en su totalidad, se obtuvieron 83.72% y 86.89% respectivamente y con ello se logró obtener la productividad inicial igual a 72.8%, de la misma forma se identificó que dicho rendimiento alterado se manifestaba principalmente por la inexistencia de programas de mantenimiento preventivo de maquinaria, así como paradas redundantes de estas, falta de procedimientos de estandarización, métodos de trabajo deficiente y, por último, en general, el funcionamiento deficiente de la línea de embotellado. Luego se realizó la aplicación de la metodología AMFE, que permitió la obtención de los NPR para los modos de fallo identificados en la línea de embotellado, pero con apoyo del diagrama de Pareto y bajo un criterio económico se pudo identificar los modos de fallo más críticos que ocasionaban el 80% de las causas de la baja productividad, para estos modos de fallos se propusieron y ejecutaron acciones recomendadas para posteriormente observar su evolución respecto al diagnóstico inicial. Finalmente, los resultados obtenidos nos demuestran que la metodología AMFE incide positivamente tanto en la eficiencia, obteniendo un valor de 93.57 %,; como en la eficacia, logrando un valor de 92.72%, dimensiones para obtener la productividad final que fue de 86.7%, la cual presentó un incremento de 13.90% respecto al diagnóstico inicial, esto debido al correcto y eficaz planteamiento de las acciones recomendadas para reducir la ocurrencia de estos modos de fallo en la línea de embotelladoThe purpose of this research work was to apply the FMEA methodology to increase productivity in the table water bottling line of the company Embotelladora Cassinelli S.A.C in the city of Trujillo. The following data collection techniques were used: field observation and documentary analysis, as well as instruments such as observation guides and record sheets. The study begins with the diagnosis of the initial productivity of the company's bottling line, a product of historical data provided by it, studying said variable in its dimensions of efficiency with respect to the use of compliant bottles and effectiveness with respect to compliance with production. In its entirety, 83.72% and 86.89% were obtained respectively and with this it was possible to obtain the initial productivity equal to 72.8%, in the same way it was identified that said altered performance was manifested mainly by the lack of preventive maintenance programs for machinery, as well as redundant stops, lack of standardization procedures, poor work methods and, finally, in general, the poor functioning of the bottling line. Then the application of the FMEA methodology was carried out, which allowed obtaining the NPR for the failure modes identified in the bottling line, but with the support of the Pareto diagram and under an economic criterion, the most critical failure modes could be identified. that caused 80% of the causes of low productivity, for these failure modes, recommended actions were proposed and executed to subsequently observe their evolution with respect to the initial diagnosis. Finally, the results obtained show us that the FMEA methodology has a positive impact on both efficiency, obtaining a value of 93.57%; as well as in effectiveness, achieving a value of 92.72%, dimensions to obtain the final productivity that was 86.7%, which presented an increase of 13.90% compared to the initial diagnosis, this due to the correct and effective approach to the recommended actions to reduce the occurrence of these failure modes in the bottling lineTesi

Atribuciones causales de éxito y fracaso sobre el rol docente en la educación sexual integral

La educación sexual integral en el Perú es una temática sensible que emerge desde los años 60 y al tratarse de un tema de aprendizaje, uno de los protagonistas de enseñanza serían las y los docentes, en específico, las y los tutores de aula. Por tal motivo, la investigación tiene como objetivo comprender las atribuciones causales de éxito y fracaso sobre el rol docente en la educación sexual integral en docentes de secundaria de educación básica regular de Instituciones educativas nacionales en Lima – Perú. Por esta razón, el estudio se realizó bajo el enfoque cualitativo y el diseño de análisis temático. Para obtener la información, se empleó una entrevista semiestructurada que cuenta con cuatro secciones, la cual se aplicó a 7 docentes de diferentes Instituciones públicas. El análisis de la información se realizó a través del análisis temático y los principales hallazgos fueron que el rol orientador(a) con actitud proactiva a la ESI registra tendencia hacia las atribuciones de éxito, tales como compromiso, habilidad, formación profesional, y apoyo externo; las emociones resultantes fueron: orgullo, satisfacción y seguridad; y su expectativa se centra en seguir trabajando la ESI, capacitarse en ESI o esperar la gestión de la Coordinación de Tutoría. Mientras que el rol de orientador(a) con actitud pasiva a la ESI registra tendencia hacia las atribuciones de fracaso, tales como especialidad en ESI, intervención de autoridades, acceso a la información de la juventud, limitados recursos educativos, y baja expectativa de adolescentes sobre la ESI; las emociones resultantes para este rol fueron: tristeza, frustración y confusión; y su expectativa recae capacitarse en ESI, encontrar nuevos materiales y escuchar el pedido de las y los estudiantes para trabajar la ESI.Sex education in Peru is a sensitive issue that has emerged since the 1960s and it is a learning topic, one of the teaching protagonists would be teachers, specifically, classroom tutors. For this reason, the research aims to understand the causal attributions of success and failure on the teaching role in sex education in high school teachers of regular basic education of national educational institutions in Lima - Peru. For this reason, the study was carried out under the qualitative approach and thematic analysis design. To obtain the information, a semi-structured interview was used that has four sections, which was applied to 7 teachers from different public institutions. The analysis of the information was carried out through the thematic analysis and the main findings were that the counseling role with a proactive attitude towards sex education registers a tendency towards attributions of success, such as commitment, ability, professional training and external support; the emotions resulted were: pride, satisfaction and security; and their expectation is focused on continuing to work in, training in sex education or waiting for the management of the Tutoring Coordination. While the role of counselor with a passive attitude towards sex education registers a tendency towards failure attributions, such as sex education specialty, intervention of authorities, access to information for youth, educational limitations, and low expectations of adolescents about the sex education; the resulting emotions for this role were: sadness, frustration and confusion; and their expectation lies in training in, finding new materials and listening to the request of the students to work on sex education

Atribuciones causales de éxito y fracaso sobre el rol docente en la educación sexual integral

La educación sexual integral en el Perú es una temática sensible que emerge desde los años 60 y al tratarse de un tema de aprendizaje, uno de los protagonistas de enseñanza serían las y los docentes, en específico, las y los tutores de aula. Por tal motivo, la investigación tiene como objetivo comprender las atribuciones causales de éxito y fracaso sobre el rol docente en la educación sexual integral en docentes de secundaria de educación básica regular de Instituciones educativas nacionales en Lima – Perú. Por esta razón, el estudio se realizó bajo el enfoque cualitativo y el diseño de análisis temático. Para obtener la información, se empleó una entrevista semiestructurada que cuenta con cuatro secciones, la cual se aplicó a 7 docentes de diferentes Instituciones públicas. El análisis de la información se realizó a través del análisis temático y los principales hallazgos fueron que el rol orientador(a) con actitud proactiva a la ESI registra tendencia hacia las atribuciones de éxito, tales como compromiso, habilidad, formación profesional, y apoyo externo; las emociones resultantes fueron: orgullo, satisfacción y seguridad; y su expectativa se centra en seguir trabajando la ESI, capacitarse en ESI o esperar la gestión de la Coordinación de Tutoría. Mientras que el rol de orientador(a) con actitud pasiva a la ESI registra tendencia hacia las atribuciones de fracaso, tales como especialidad en ESI, intervención de autoridades, acceso a la información de la juventud, limitados recursos educativos, y baja expectativa de adolescentes sobre la ESI; las emociones resultantes para este rol fueron: tristeza, frustración y confusión; y su expectativa recae capacitarse en ESI, encontrar nuevos materiales y escuchar el pedido de las y los estudiantes para trabajar la ESI.Sex education in Peru is a sensitive issue that has emerged since the 1960s and it is a learning topic, one of the teaching protagonists would be teachers, specifically, classroom tutors. For this reason, the research aims to understand the causal attributions of success and failure on the teaching role in sex education in high school teachers of regular basic education of national educational institutions in Lima - Peru. For this reason, the study was carried out under the qualitative approach and thematic analysis design. To obtain the information, a semi-structured interview was used that has four sections, which was applied to 7 teachers from different public institutions. The analysis of the information was carried out through the thematic analysis and the main findings were that the counseling role with a proactive attitude towards sex education registers a tendency towards attributions of success, such as commitment, ability, professional training and external support; the emotions resulted were: pride, satisfaction and security; and their expectation is focused on continuing to work in, training in sex education or waiting for the management of the Tutoring Coordination. While the role of counselor with a passive attitude towards sex education registers a tendency towards failure attributions, such as sex education specialty, intervention of authorities, access to information for youth, educational limitations, and low expectations of adolescents about the sex education; the resulting emotions for this role were: sadness, frustration and confusion; and their expectation lies in training in, finding new materials and listening to the request of the students to work on sex education

New records of fishes from Guadalupe Island, northwest Mexico

The icthyofauna from Guadalupe Island, Mexico, has been scarcely studied. This paper presents additions to the systematic checklist of fishes from that oceanic island, and is based on data obtained from museums, field records and international databases. A total of 22 new records are depicted for the locality (19 deep-water species and 3 shallow reef-dwelling fishes), including one addition to the Mexican fauna (Nansenia candida). These reports complement the previous list of 328 species for Guadalupe Island,which now reaches 350 species, distributed in 5 classes, 44 orders and 127 families

A simple scheme for expanding photonic cluster states for quantum information

We show how an entangled cluster state encoded in the polarization of single photons can be straightforwardly expanded by deterministically entangling additional qubits encoded in the path degree of freedom of the constituent photons. This can be achieved using a polarization--path controlled-phase gate. We experimentally demonstrate a practical and stable realization of this approach by using a Sagnac interferometer to entangle a path qubit and polarization qubit on a single photon. We demonstrate precise control over phase of the path qubit to change the measurement basis and experimentally demonstrate properties of measurement-based quantum computing using a 2 photon, 3 qubit cluster state

New records of fishes from Guadalupe Island, northwest Mexico

The icthyofauna from Guadalupe Island, Mexico, has been scarcely studied. This paper presents additions to the systematic checklist of fishes from that oceanic island, and is based on data obtained from museums, field records and international databases. A total of 22 new records are depicted for the locality (19 deep-water species and 3 shallow reef-dwelling fishes), including one addition to the Mexican fauna (Nansenia candida). These reports complement the previous list of 328 species for Guadalupe Island,which now reaches 350 species, distributed in 5 classes, 44 orders and 127 families

Computed tomography angiography versus Agatston score for diagnosis of coronary artery disease in patients with stable chest pain: individual patient data meta-analysis of the international COME-CCT Consortium

Objectives: There is conflicting evidence about the comparative diagnostic accuracy of the Agatston score versus computed tomography angiography (CTA) in patients with suspected obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). Purpose: To determine whether CTA is superior to the Agatston score in the diagnosis of CAD. Methods: In total 2452 patients with stable chest pain and a clinical indication for invasive coronary angiography (ICA) for suspected CAD were included by the Collaborative Meta-analysis of Cardiac CT (COME-CCT) Consortium. An Agatston score of > 400 was considered positive, and obstructive CAD defined as at least 50% coronary diameter stenosis on ICA was used as the reference standard. Results: Obstructive CAD was diagnosed in 44.9% of patients (1100/2452). The median Agatston score was 74. Diagnostic accuracy of CTA for the detection of obstructive CAD (81.1%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 77.5 to 84.1%) was significantly higher than that of the Agatston score (68.8%, 95% CI: 64.2 to 73.1%, p 1000). Conclusions: Results in our international cohort show CTA to have significantly higher diagnostic accuracy than the Agatston score in patients with stable chest pain, suspected CAD, and a clinical indication for ICA. Diagnostic performance of CTA is not affected by a higher Agatston score while an Agatston score of zero does not reliably exclude obstructive CAD

The TNF-α antagonist etanerceptreverses age-related decreases in colonic SERT expression and faecal output in mice

Treatment for chronic constipation in older people is challenging and the condition has a major impact on quality of life. A lack of understanding about the causes of this condition has hampered the development of effective treatments. 5-HT is an important pro-kinetic agent in the colon. We examined whether alterations in colonic 5-HT signalling underlie age–related changes in faecal output in mice and whether these changes were due to an increase in TNF-α. Components of the 5-HT signalling system (5-HT, 5-HIAA, SERT) and TNF-α expression were examined in the distal colon of 3, 12, 18 and 24- month old mice and faecal output and water content monitored under control conditions and following the administration of etanercept (TNF-α inhibitor; 1 mg Kg-1). Faecal output and water content were reduced in aged animals. Age increased mucosal 5-HT availability and TNF-α expression and decreased mucosal SERT expression and 5-HIAA. Etanercept treatment of old mice reversed these changes, suggesting that age-related changes in TNFα expression are an important regulator of mucosal 5-HT signalling and pellet output and water content in old mice. These data point to “anti-TNFα” drugs as potential treatments for age-related chronic constipation

Computed tomography angiography versus Agatston score for diagnosis of coronary artery disease in patients with stable chest pain: individual patient data meta-analysis of the international COME-CCT Consortium

Objectives: There is conflicting evidence about the comparative diagnostic accuracy of the Agatston score versus computed tomography angiography (CTA) in patients with suspected obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD).Purpose: To determine whether CTA is superior to the Agatston score in the diagnosis of CAD.Methods: In total 2452 patients with stable chest pain and a clinical indication for invasive coronary angiography (ICA) for suspected CAD were included by the Collaborative Meta-analysis of Cardiac CT (COME-CCT) Consortium. An Agatston score of > 400 was considered positive, and obstructive CAD defined as at least 50% coronary diameter stenosis on ICA was used as the reference standard.Results: Obstructive CAD was diagnosed in 44.9% of patients (1100/2452). The median Agatston score was 74. Diagnostic accuracy of CTA for the detection of obstructive CAD (81.1%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 77.5 to 84.1%) was significantly higher than that of the Agatston score (68.8%, 95% CI: 64.2 to 73.1%, p 1000).Conclusions: Results in our international cohort show CTA to have significantly higher diagnostic accuracy than the Agatston score in patients with stable chest pain, suspected CAD, and a clinical indication for ICA. Diagnostic performance of CTA is not affected by a higher Agatston score while an Agatston score of zero does not reliably exclude obstructive CAD.Key points: • CTA showed significantly higher diagnostic accuracy (81.1%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 77.5 to 84.1%) for diagnosis of coronary artery disease when compared to the Agatston score (68.8%, 95% CI: 64.2 to 73.1%, p 1000). • Seventeen percent of patients with an Agatston score of zero showed obstructive coronary artery disease by invasive angiography showing absence of coronary artery calcium cannot reliably exclude coronary artery disease.</p

La interacción de los Muun Yacha Ainau en las sesiones de aprendizaje para fortalecer la identidad cultural awajún : sistematización de la experiencia de la I.E. “Técnico Industrial Túpac Amaru”, distrito de Imaza, Bagua, Amazonas

Nuestro país se caracteriza por la diversidad cultural y lingüística. Por ello, es de especial importancia promover el enfoque intercultural (enfoque transversal del Currículo Nacional de la Educación Básica Regular), en las prácticas de las instituciones educativas a nivel nacional. El reto es contar con estrategias específicas, que permitan establecer la conexión entre las prácticas culturales, las prácticas pedagógicas y el desarrollo de las competencias de los estudiantes. La presente sistematización describe un proyecto de innovación cuyo objetivo apunta directamente a lo mencionado , planteando el desafío desde el título: “La interacción de la y los muun yacha ainau en las sesiones de aprendizaje para fortalecer la identidad cultural awajún”. El proyecto fue desarrollado por la Institución Educativa Secundaria de Menores Técnico Industrial “Túpac Amaru”, de Chiriaco, provincia de Bagua, región de Amazonas, y tuvo como aspecto central la incorporación de los elementos culturales del pueblo awajún en los procesos educativos, en particular, mediante la inclusión de los muun yacha ainau o sabios y sabias awajún en las sesiones de aprendizaje interculturales. De esta manera, se ha desarrollado el enfoque intercultural en el nivel secundario de la institución educativa, lo cual ha implicado la incorporación de la cultura de las familias de los estudiantes y de la comunidad awajún en los procesos educativos, materia curricular, organización escolar, relación con la comunidad y un nuevo rol del docente. Como consecuencia, se logró que los estudiantes awajún se identifiquen con su cultura, la valoraren y, como resultado, mejoren en sus logros de aprendizaje. Asimismo, los estudiantes hispanohablantes tuvieron la oportunidad de conocer y comprender la cosmovisión de la cultura awajún y, por ende, de valorarla y aprender de ella. En ese sentido, el proyecto no solo contribuyó al desarrollo de competencias sino también a la promoción del rol protagónico del estudiante y la revaloración de su cultura. Además, el proyecto contribuyó a la mejora del clima en la institución educativa y a la vinculación e integración de toda la comunidad