Cancer immunotherapy: A comprehensive appraisal of its modes of application.

peer reviewedConventional cancer treatments such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy have reached their therapeutic potential, leaving a gap for developing more effective cancer therapeutics. Cancer cells evade the immune system using various mechanisms of immune tolerance, underlying the potential impact of immunotherapy in the treatment of cancer. Immunotherapy includes several approaches such as activating the immune system in a cytokine-dependent manner, manipulating the feedback mechanisms involved in the immune response, enhancing the immune response via lymphocyte expansion and using cancer vaccines to elicit long-lasting, robust responses. These techniques can be used as monotherapies or combination therapies. The present review describes the immune-based mechanisms involved in tumor cell proliferation and maintenance and the rationale underlying various treatment methods. In addition, the present review provides insight into the potential of immunotherapy used alone or in combination with various types of therapeutics

Heat Exchanger System Piping Design for a Tube Rupture Event

ABSTRACT: Tube-rupture events in shell and tube heat exchangers can result in significantly high surge pressures. Steady state and dynamic methods can be used to assess the impacts of these events on heat exchanger system piping networks. This paper presents the findings of a set of dynamic surge simulations on the impacts of tube-rupture events in a Propane-Feed Gas Heat Exchanger System. Once adjacent piping design is considered, the Joukowsky formulation-based method is not always appropriate to estimate tube-rupture surge impacts. Dynamic simulations need to be conducted to assess the tube-rupture impact on piping systems due to the surge wave amplification as it is transmitted and reflected in the complex pipe network. For blocked-in (noflow) or isolated systems, properly designed relief mechanisms are required to alleviate the tuberupture resultant pressure build-up

FlauBERT vs. CamemBERT: Understanding patient's answers by a French medical chatbot

International audienc

Effects of dataset size and interactions on the prediction performance of logistic regression and deep learning models

International audienc