Erythropoietin overrides the triggering effect of DNA platination products in a mouse model of Cisplatin-induced neuropathy

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Cisplatin mediates its antineoplastic activity by formation of distinct DNA intrastrand cross links. The clinical efficacy and desirable dose escalations of cisplatin are restricted by the accumulation of DNA lesions in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) cells leading to sensory polyneuropathy (PNP). We investigated in a mouse model by which mechanism recombinant erythropoietin (rhEPO) protects the peripheral nervous system from structural and functional damage caused by cisplatin treatment with special emphasis on DNA damage burden.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A cumulative dose of 16 mg cisplatin/kg resulted in clear electrophysiological signs of neuropathy, which were significantly attenuated by concomitant erythropoietin (cisplatin 32,48 m/s ± 1,68 m/s; cisplatin + rhEPO 49,66 m/s ± 1,26 m/s; control 55,01 m/s ± 1,88 m/s; p < 0,001). The co-application of rhEPO, however, did not alter the level of unrepaired cisplatin-DNA lesions accumulating in DRG target cells. Micro-morphological analyses of the sciatic nerve from cisplatin-exposed mice showed damaged myelin sheaths and mitochondria. Co-administered rhEPO inhibited myelin sheaths from structural injuries and resulted in an increased number of intact mitochondria.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The protective effect of recombinant erythropoietin is not mediated by reducing the burden of DNA platination in the target cells, but it is likely to be due to a higher resistance of the target cells to the adverse effect of DNA damage. The increased frequency of intact mitochondria might also contribute to this protective role.</p

Graphene in Lithium-Ion/Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

In order to deal with the energy demand of the increasing global population,the use of sustainable sources of energy has become mandatory to attenuate theenvironmental problems that come along with the use of fossil sources of energy.However, one of the problems of renewable energy sources, such as wind or sun,is that they are intermittent. So, in order to make the best use of them, we needgood energy storage systems able to capture, manage and store energy at a largescale and low cost. If we are also capable of replacing the gasoline powered transportationwith electric vehicles, the greenhouse emissions would be significantlyreduced. As well, it is necessary a change in the energetic matrix for stationarydevices to solve the transport cost and the greenhouse emission provokes for theuse of natural gas. Considering this, the major promises to accomplish the needsof high gravimetric, volumetric and power density is given by lithium batteries.In the past decades and up to nowadays, they have become the energy source ofalmost all electronic portable devices and made possible a huge number of technologicalapplications. Graphene based materials, due to their unique properties,have become of great interest to be used in different components of the battery:anode, cathode and separator. As part of the electrodes, used adequately, graphenematerials improve the electron and ionic mobility providing not only higher electricalconductivity, but also higher capacity. Due to the rich carbon chemistry,graphene can be easily functionalized with different groups leading to changes inits properties. In this sense, the nano-sized dimension and elevated specific surfacearea makes it a perfect candidate for improving conductivity, connectivity andlithium-ion transport in both cathode and anode active materials. Functionalizedgraphene is also used in the modification of separators of lithium-sulfur batteriesfor the suppression of the polysulfide shuttle mechanism due to its interaction/repulsion with the charged intermediate polysulfide species. This chapter presentsa critical overview of the state-of-art in the optimization and application ofgraphene derived materials for anodes, cathodes and separators in lithium batteries.Besides a thorough description of novel designs and general discussion of theattained electrochemical performances, this chapter also aims to discuss desiredproperties and current drawbacks for massive industrial application in lithiumbatteries.Fil: Luque, Guillermina Leticia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Físico-química de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Físico-química de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Para, Maria Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola; ArgentinaFil: Primo, Emiliano Nicolás. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola; ArgentinaFil: Calderón, Andrea Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola; ArgentinaFil: Bracamonte, Maria Victoria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola; ArgentinaFil: Otero, Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Físico-química de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Físico-química de Córdoba; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola; ArgentinaFil: Rojas, María del Carmen. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola; ArgentinaFil: García Soriano, Francisco Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola; ArgentinaFil: Lener, German. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola; Argentin