An Object-Oriented Language-Database Integration Model: The Composition-Filters Approach

This paper introduces a new model, based on so-called object-composition filters, that uniformly integrates database-like features into an object-oriented language. The focus is on providing persistent dynamic data structures, data sharing, transactions, multiple views and associative access, integrated with the object-oriented paradigm. The main contribution is that the database-like features are part of this new object-oriented model, and therefore, are uniformly integrated with object-oriented features such as data abstraction, encapsulation, message passing and inheritance. This approach eliminates the problems associated with existing systems such as lack of reusability and extensibility for database operations, the violation of encapsulation, the need to define specific types such as sets, and the incapability to support multiple views. The model is illustrated through the object-oriented language Sina

Multi Agent Modelling: Evolution and Skull Thickness in Hominids

Within human evolution, the period of Homo Erectus is particularly interesting since in this period, our ancestors have carried thicker skulls than the species both before and after them. There are competing theories as to the reasons of this enlargement and its reversal. One of these is the theory that Homo Erectus males fought for females by clubbing each other on the head. The other one says that due to the fact that Homo Erectus’ did not cook their food at all, they had to have strong jaw muscles attached to ridges on either side of the skull which prohibited brain and skull growth but required the skull to be thick. The re-thinning of the skull on the other hand might be due to the fact that a thick skull provided poor cooling for the brain or that as hominids started using tools to cut their food and using fire to cook it, they did not require the strong jaw muscles anymore and this trait was actually selected against since the brain had a tendency to grow and the ridges and a thick skull were preventing this. In this paper we simulated both the fighting and the diet as ways in which the hominid skull grew thicker. We also added other properties such as cooperation, selfishness and vision to our agents and analyzed their changes over generations. Keywords: Evolution, Skull Thickness, Hominids, Multi-Agent Modeling, Genetic Algorithm

Development of Androgenesis Studies on Eggplant (<em>Solanum melongena</em> L.) in Turkey from Past to Present

Eggplant is one of the most widely cultivated vegetable species in the world and Turkey. The breeding of eggplant with high yields and quality is one of the important efforts in the seed sector today. Traditional breeding activities cannot respond quickly to market mobility. With the integration of dihaploidization methods into the breeding cycles, breeding programs have gained significant momentum. The most used haploidy technique in eggplant is the anther culture based on androgenesis, and its use in public and private sectors has become widespread in recent years. To date, the use of the isolated microspore culture technique as another androgenesis technique is limited; however, the studies are in progress in particular for indirect microspore embryogenesis. Genotype effect is one of the most decisive factors determining the success of androgenesis in eggplant. Also, the other factors such as nutrient medium content, types and concentrations of plant growth regulators, age and growing conditions of donor plants, determination of the appropriate microspore developmental stages, different pre-treatments, temperature shocks and incubation conditions are also effective on androgenesis success. In this review, it is aimed to provide information about the in vitro eggplant androgenesis studies, which have been carried out and are currently being conducted in Turkey

VIRTUAL LEARNING IS NOT FOR MY CHILD! A PARENTAL PERSPECTIVE OF PRACTICES USED WITH CHILDREN WITH AUTISM DURING THE PANDEMIC

Once the COVID-19 was declared as a pandemic, most countries temporarily closed schools and shifted to home-based distance education. Each country had its own way of implementing education remotely. Turkey used an enhanced version of the currently existing Education Information Network (EBA) to deliver distance education to all children including those with autism. The rapid shift from face-to-face education to home-based virtual learning created unprecedented challenges and impacted development and learning of children with autism who often need individualized and systematic instruction. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore parental perceptions about effectiveness of distance education practices for children with autism and challenges they faced during visual learning. A total of 208 parents of children with autism participated in quantitative data collection while 18 also attended to individually conducted interviews. Results indicated many families did not use EBA to support their children’s learning and the content of virtual learning opportunities through EBA was not appropriate for the characteristics of children with autism. Implications for future practice and research as well as the limitations of this study were discussed

Recent Advances in Health Biotechnology During Pandemic

The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which emerged in 2019, cut the epoch that will make profound fluctuates in the history of the world in social, economic, and scientific fields. Urgent needs in public health have brought with them innovative approaches, including diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. To exceed the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, various scientific authorities in the world have procreated advances in real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) based diagnostic tests, rapid diagnostic kits, the development of vaccines for immunization, and the purposing pharmaceuticals for treatment. Diagnosis, treatment, and immunization approaches put for- ward by scientific communities are cross-fed from the accrued knowledge of multidisciplinary sciences in health biotechnology. So much so that the pandemic, urgently prioritized in the world, is not only viral infections but also has been the pulsion in the development of novel approaches in many fields such as diagnosis, treatment, translational medicine, virology, mi- crobiology, immunology, functional nano- and bio-materials, bioinformatics, molecular biol- ogy, genetics, tissue engineering, biomedical devices, and artificial intelligence technologies. In this review, the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the development of various scientific areas of health biotechnology are discussed

Archaeogenetic analysis of Neolithic sheep from Anatolia suggests a complex demographic history since domestication

Yurtman, ozer, Yuncu et al. provide an ancient DNA data set to demonstrate the impact of human activity on the demographic history of domestic sheep. The authors demonstrate that there may have been multiple domestication events with notable changes to the gene pool of European and Anatolian sheep since the Neolithic. Sheep were among the first domesticated animals, but their demographic history is little understood. Here we analyzed nuclear polymorphism and mitochondrial data (mtDNA) from ancient central and west Anatolian sheep dating from Epipaleolithic to late Neolithic, comparatively with modern-day breeds and central Asian Neolithic/Bronze Age sheep (OBI). Analyzing ancient nuclear data, we found that Anatolian Neolithic sheep (ANS) are genetically closest to present-day European breeds relative to Asian breeds, a conclusion supported by mtDNA haplogroup frequencies. In contrast, OBI showed higher genetic affinity to present-day Asian breeds. These results suggest that the east-west genetic structure observed in present-day breeds had already emerged by 6000 BCE, hinting at multiple sheep domestication episodes or early wild introgression in southwest Asia. Furthermore, we found that ANS are genetically distinct from all modern breeds. Our results suggest that European and Anatolian domestic sheep gene pools have been strongly remolded since the Neolithic

Bir köpekte anal kese adenokarsinomu

Bu olguda 12 yaşlı, dişi, melez bir köpeğin anüsünün ventro-lateralinden sol arka bacak derisi altına doğru yayılan anal kese adenokarsinomunun klinik ve patomorfolojik bulguları açıklandı. Tümör, 20x15x10 cm boyutlarında, 1110 gr ağırlığında, nodüler bir yapıdaydı. Kesit yüzünde, kistik yapılar vardı. Mikroskobik olarak tümör; solid alanlar halinde dizilim gösteren, oval ya da yuvarlak şekilli, hiperkromatik çekirdekli, eozinofılik sitoplazmalı neoplastik hücrelerden ibaretti. Bazı alanlarda rozet formasyonları dikkati çekti. İmmunoperoksidaz yöntemiyle incelemede PCNA pozitif hücreler saptandı.In this report, anal cell carcinoma located from ventro-laterally of anus, spreading out to subcutis of hind left leg was described with clinical and pathomorphological findings in a 12-year-old female mongrel-dog. The mass was of 20x15x10 cm in diameter, 1110 g in weight and it was showing nodular structure. Cut section of the mass was cystic. Microscopically; oval or round shaped neoplastic cells with hyperchromatic nuclei and eosinophilic cytoplasm had formed solid sheets. In some areas, the cells surrounded a small amount of eosinophilic secr.etion and constituted rosette formations. PCNA positive neoplastic cells were seen by immunoperoxidase method

An Object-Oriented Language-Database Integration Model: The Composition-Filters Approach

This paper introduces a new model, based on so-called object-composition filters, that uniformly integrates database-like features into an object-oriented language. The focus is on providing persistent dynamic data structures, data sharing, transactions, multiple views and associative access, integrated with the object-oriented paradigm. The main contribution is that the database-like features are part of this new object-oriented model, and therefore, are uniformly integrated with object-oriented features such as data abstraction, encapsulation, message passing and inheritance. This approach eliminates the problems associated with existing systems such as lack of reusability and extensibility for database operations, the violation of encapsulation, the need to define specific types such as sets, and the incapability to support multiple views. The model is illustrated through the object-oriented language Sina