Validity and reliability of the international fItness scale (IFIS) in preschool children

Objectives Examine the validity and reliability of parent-reported International FItness Scale (IFIS) in preschoolers. Method A cross-sectional study of 3051 Spanish preschoolers (3-5 years). Fitness was measured by PREFIT battery and reported by parents using an adapted version of the IFIS. Waist circumference was evaluated, and the waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) was calculated. Seventy-six parents of randomly selected schoolchildren completed the IFIS twice for a reliability assessment. Results ANCOVA, adjusted for sex, age and WHtR, showed that preschoolers who were scored by their parents as having average-to-very good fitness had better levels of measured physical fitness than those preschoolers who were classified as having very poor/poor fitness levels (18.1laps to 22.1laps vs 15.6laps for cardiorespiratory fitness; 6.6 kg to 7.5 kg vs 5.3 kg for muscular fitness-handgrip-; 71.7 cm to 76.4 cm vs 62.0 cm for muscular fitness-standing long jump-; 17.2s to 16.2s vs 18.2s for speed/agility; and 11.2s to 15.6s vs 8.7s for balance; p < 0.001). The weighted kappa for concordance between parent-reported fitness levels and objective assessment was poor (kappa <= 0.18 for all fitness measures). Overall, the mean values of the abdominal adiposity indicators were significantly lower in high-level fitness categories reported by parents than in low-level fitness categories (p < 0.05). The test-retest reliability ranged from 0.46 to 0.62. Conclusions The reliability of the parent-reported IFIS are acceptable, but the concordance between parents reported and objectively measures fitness levels is poor, suggesting that parents' responses may not be able to correctly classify preschoolers according to their fitness level.The PREFIT project takes place thanks to the funding linked to the Ramon y Cajal grant held by Ortega FB (RYC-2011-09011)

The effect of an online exercise programme on bone health in paediatric cancer survivors (iBoneFIT): study protocol of a multi-centre randomized controlled trial

Background: New approaches on paediatric cancer treatment aim to maintain long-term health. As a result of radiotherapy, chemotherapy or surgery, paediatric cancer survivors tend to suffer from any chronic health condition. Endocrine dysfunction represents one of the most common issues and affects bone health. Exercise is key for bone mass accrual during growth, specifically plyometric jump training. The iBoneFIT study will investigate the effect of a 9-month online exercise programme on bone health in paediatric cancer survivors. This study will also examine the effect of the intervention on body composition, physical fitness, physical activity, calcium intake, vitamin D, blood samples quality of life and mental health. Methods: A minimum of 116 participants aged 6 to 18 years will be randomized into an intervention (n = 58) or control group (n = 58). The intervention group will receive an online exercise programme and diet counselling on calcium and vitamin D. In addition, five behaviour change techniques and a gamification design will be implemented in order to increase the interest of this non-game programme. The control group will only receive diet counselling. Participants will be assessed on 3 occasions: 1) at baseline; 2) after the 9 months of the intervention; 3) 4 months following the intervention. The primary outcome will be determined by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and the hip structural analysis, trabecular bone score and 3D-DXA softwares. Secondary outcomes will include anthropometry, body composition, physical fitness, physical activity, calcium and vitamin D intake, blood samples, quality of life and mental health. Discussion: Whether a simple, feasible and short in duration exercise programme can improve bone health has not been examined in paediatric cancer survivors. This article describes the design, rationale and methods of a study intended to test the effect of a rigorous online exercise programme on bone health in paediatric cancer survivors. If successful, the iBoneFIT study will contribute to decrease chronic health conditions in this population and will have a positive impact in the society.The iBoneFIT project is funded by a fellowship from 'la Caixa' Foundation (ID 100010434). The fellowship code is LCF/BQ/PR19/11700007. This study has been partially supported by the University of Granada, Plan Propio de Investigación 2016, Excellence actions: Units of Excellence; Unit of Excellence on Exercise and Health (UCEES), and by the Junta de Andalucía, Consejería de Conocimiento, Investigación y Universidades and European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), ref. SOMM17/6107/UGR

Metabolic Syndrome as a Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factor: Patients Evaluated in Primary Care

To estimate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in a population receiving attention in primary care centers (PCC) we selected a random cohort of ostensibly normal subjects from the registers of 5 basic-health area (BHA) PCC. Diagnosis of MS was with the WHO, NCEP and IDF criteria. Variables recorded were: socio-demographic data, CVD risk factors including lipids, obesity, diabetes, blood pressure and smoking habit and a glucose tolerance test outcome. Of the 720 individuals selected (age 60.3 ± 11.5 years), 431 were female, 352 hypertensive, 142 diabetic, 233 pre-diabetic, 285 obese, 209 dyslipemic and 106 smokers. CVD risk according to the Framingham and REGICOR calculation was 13.8 ± 10% and 8.8 ± 9.8%, respectively. Using the WHO, NCEP and IDF criteria, MS was diagnosed in 166, 210 and 252 subjects, respectively and the relative risk of CVD complications in MS subjects was 2.56. Logistic regression analysis indicated that the MS components (WHO set), the MS components (IDF set) and the female gender had an increased odds ratio for CVD of 3.48 (95CI%: 2.26–5.37), 2.28 (95%CI: 1.84–4.90) and 2.26 (95%CI: 1.48–3.47), respectively. We conclude that MS and concomitant CVD risk is high in ostensibly normal population attending primary care clinics, and this would necessarily impinge on resource allocation in primary care

Resignificando la educación: 12 reflexiones pedagógicas sobre la escuela

208 páginasEste libro reúne 12 artículos de maestros y maestras de la ciudad que reflexionan sobre el rol de la Escuela en la actualidad. Sin duda, la pandemia es un hecho que atraviesa varias de estas páginas, pues esta coyuntura ha hecho que estudiantes, docentes y familias resignifiquen su papel en la educación. Pero este libro no se agota allí, en tanto aparecen iniciativas como las redes de maestros y maestras en torno a la paz, la interculturalidad, así como nuevas miradas sobre la inclusión educativa y la evaluación que aportan al diálogo pedagógico. De esta manera, el Instituto para la Investigación Educativa y el Desarrollo Pedagógico (IDEP) busca que docentes y directivos de las instituciones educativas aporten a la transformación educativa desde sus saberes y experiencias.I. La Escuela en Casa. Página 17: Transitando por la Escuela: realidades y posibilidades. Página 29: Relación Familia- Escuela, Educación Asistida y Ambientes de Aprendizaje en Casa. Página 43: Percepciones de familias sobre su participación en la Escuela. Articulando voces de madres, padres y acudientes de estudiantes en Jardín y Transición. II. Nuevas miradas de la evaluación Página 71: Del pensamiento a la acción: la evaluación en el preescolar. Página 87: La evaluación durante el confinamiento educativo: evidencias investigativas de una crisis en sus prácticas y usos. III. Redes de paz, reconciliación y ciudadanía. Página 103: La Red Elegguá: Abriendo caminos para la tolerancia y la interculturalidad. Página 113: Pedagogías colectivas para la Paz- Tejido de esperanzas de maestras y maestros de la Red Chisua. IV. Inclusión educativa. Página 131: Experiencias de apropiación: Narrativas de maestras desde la inclusión. Página 149: El rol del docente de apoyo frente al reto de una educación inclusiva de calidad para la atención a la población estudiantil con discapacidad. Página 161: La oferta bilingüe-bicultural a nivel distrital, una apuesta en la educación de la persona sorda. V. Estudiantes y maestros en cambio. Página 177: El maestro investigador en el aula y su caracterización pedagógica. Página 195: Los Procesos de Lectura y Escritura Creativa en niños, niñas y adolescentes. Análisis de una experiencia

Ahora / Ara

La cinquena edició del microrelatari per l’eradicació de la violència contra les dones de l’Institut Universitari d’Estudis Feministes i de Gènere «Purificación Escribano» de la Universitat Jaume I vol ser una declaració d’esperança. Aquest és el moment en el qual les dones (i els homes) hem de fer un pas endavant i eliminar la violència sistèmica contra les dones. Ara és el moment de denunciar el masclisme i els micromasclismes començant a construir una societat més igualitària. Cadascun dels relats del llibre és una denúncia i una declaració que ens encamina cap a un món millor

Los correlatos prosódicos de la comunicación: la elección del tono de frontera como instrucción para interpretar el mensaje desde distintos niveles lingüísticos

A phonetico-phonological study of Spanish declaratives which integrates the description of intonation tunes together with their pragmatic interpretations in the framework of a multilevel theory of communication is absent in most intonational accounts. In this paper, we contribute with a discourse-oriented analysis of read-news speech in Spanish. Its integrated two-fold orientation in terms of the universally well-accepted intonational framework, the Autosegmental-Metrical Theory, together with another universally recognised cognitive theory of communication, Relevance Theory, reveals that boundary tones stand as a powerful phonological unit to lead subjects through a structured discourse, and a contextualised presentation of information. In addition, our multilevel model of boundary tone interpretations also accounts for the socio-cultural use of politeness together with its orientation towards the different individuals in the communicative act: the speaker, the hearer, or both.La mayoría de los estudios de entonación de las declarativas en español carece de un enfoque fonético-fonológico que relacione la descripción de sus contornos con las interpretaciones pragmáticas de los mismos en el marco de una teoría multinivel de la comunicación. En este artículo ofrecemos un análisis del discurso del habla utilizada en las noticias leídas en español. La doble orientación de este análisis, con dos teorías ampliamente aceptadas, (la teoría métrico-autosegmental para el estudio de la entonación y la teoría de la relevancia para el estudio pragmático de los enunciados), revela que los tonos de frontera constituyen una poderosa unidad fonológica que guía a los sujetos a través de la estructura del discurso y de la presentación contextualizada de la información. Nuestro modelo multinivel explica, asimismo, el uso socio-cultural de la cortesía y su orientación en relación con los distintos actores del acto comunicativo: el hablante, el oyente, o ambos