Índices fisiológicos de soja hortaliça em duas épocas de semeadura no Recôncavo Sul Baiano

The objective of the present work was to evaluate the performance of four vegetable soybean genotypes and one vegetable soybean cultivar in two sowing periods (April / 2009 and August / 2009) under South Reconcavo Baiano Region environmental conditions. The experiments were installed in the field at the Federal University in the county of Cruz das Almas – BA.  The experimental design was in random blocks, with five treatments (genotypes: JLM 17, JLM 18, JLM 19, BR 94 and the BRS 155 cultivar) and five replicates. The experimental plots were made up by eight rows of 5.0 m in length: spacing of 50 cm between rows and 12 seeds per meter, with three side borders, three for yield data and two for growth analysis.  Samplings of five plants per plot taken at random were carried out every fifteen days from 21 days after emergence (DAE) until physiological plant maturity in order to quantify dry matter mass (g plant -1) and plant leaf area (dm²). These characteristics were used to determine the following physiological indices:  crop growth rate (CGR), relative growth rate (RGR), net assimilatory rate (NAR) and leaf area ratio (LAR).  NAR and LAR were the most efficient physiological indices to indicate the performance and growth of the materials evaluated.  However, vegetative and yield performance of the plant should be measured by the combined response of the physiological indices since they are interconnected, leading to compensation effects between them.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar por meio dos índices fisiológicos, o desempenho de cinco genótipos de soja hortaliça em duas épocas de semeadura nas condições ambientais do recôncavo Sul Baiano, no Município de Cruz das Almas – BA, em 2009. Os experimentos foram instalados no Campo Experimental do Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Ambientais e Biológicas da Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, no município de Cruz das Almas – BA. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com cinco tratamentos (os genótipos JLM 17, JLM 18, JLM 19, JLM 27, BR 94 e BRS 155) e cinco repetições, em duas épocas de semeadura: primeira época (abril-julho) e a segunda época (agosto-novembro). Foram realizadas coletas quinzenais de cinco plantas aleatórias por parcela, a partir dos 21 dias após a emergência (DAE) até a maturação plena, para a determinação da matéria seca (g planta-¹) e da área foliar da planta (dm²). Essas características serviram de base para determinar os índices fisiológicos: taxa de crescimento da cultura (TCC), taxa de crescimento relativo (TCR), taxa assimilatória líquida (TAL) e razão de área foliar (RAF). O desempenho vegetativo e produtivo da planta deve ser avaliado pela resposta conjunta dos índices fisiológicos, sobretudo TAL e a RAF uma vez que estão interligados, provocando efeitos de compensação entre eles

Desenvolvimento in vitro de bananeira 'Ouro' após poliploidização com antimitóticos

The objective of this work was to characterize the in vitro development of 'Ouro' banana after polyploidization with antimitotics. Shoot apexes were subjected to the following treatments for 24 and 48 hours: amiprophos-methyl (APM), at 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 60 µmol L-1; caffeine, at 3, 6, 9, and 12 g L-1; and colchicine, at 2.5 mmol L-1. Survival, number of shoots, main shoot height, and number of roots were evaluated. The intermediary concentrations were the most promising at both exposure times for APM and at 24 hours for caffeine. The highest concentrations of APM and caffeine negatively affect the in vitro development of the shoot apexes.O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar o desenvolvimento in vitro de bananeira 'Ouro' após poliploidização com antimitóticos. Explantes foram submetidos aos seguintes tratamentos, por 24 e 48 horas: amiprofos-metil (APM), a 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 e 60 µmol L-1; cafeína, a 3, 6, 9 e 12 g L-1; e colchicina, a 2,5 mmol L-1. Avaliaram-se sobrevivência, número de brotos, altura do broto principal e número de raízes. As concentrações intermediárias foram as mais promissoras nos dois tempos de exposição, para APM, e no de 24 horas para cafeína. As maiores concentrações de APM e cafeína afetam negativamente o desenvolvimento in vitro dos explantes

Fatores associados à depressão em profissionais de enfermagem no Brasil: uma revisão integrativa da literatura / Factors associated with depression in nursing professionals in Brazil: An integrative literature review

Esse artigo buscou identificar os fatores associados na depressão do profissional da enfermagem no Brasil. Para isto, foi realizada uma busca eletrônica de 15 artigos nas bases de dados online da Scielo e Lilacs, utilizando como critério de inclusão textos completos, escritos nas línguas portuguesa, inglesa e publicados entre os anos de 2007 a 2020, e os critérios de exclusão foram artigos em formato de resumo ou incompletos e incompatíveis com a temática aqui proposta. Dentre os fatores que desencadeiam a depressão nos profissionais de enfermagem foram: Exigência de habilidades como autonomia, liderança, relacionamento interpessoal e comunicação, estresse e dupla jornada de trabalho e exaustão emocional. Com isto, O estudo constatou que a depressão está presente nos profissionais e é desencadeada por diversos fatores sociais e pessoais, que agem em efeito dominó, onde um fator está ligado ao outro, levando o indivíduo a apresentar comportamento diferenciado e distante

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high in-hospital mortality. Alveolar recruitment followed by ventilation at optimal titrated PEEP may reduce ventilator-induced lung injury and improve oxygenation in patients with ARDS, but the effects on mortality and other clinical outcomes remain unknown. This article reports the rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART). Methods/Design: ART is a pragmatic, multicenter, randomized (concealed), controlled trial, which aims to determine if maximum stepwise alveolar recruitment associated with PEEP titration is able to increase 28-day survival in patients with ARDS compared to conventional treatment (ARDSNet strategy). We will enroll adult patients with ARDS of less than 72 h duration. The intervention group will receive an alveolar recruitment maneuver, with stepwise increases of PEEP achieving 45 cmH(2)O and peak pressure of 60 cmH2O, followed by ventilation with optimal PEEP titrated according to the static compliance of the respiratory system. In the control group, mechanical ventilation will follow a conventional protocol (ARDSNet). In both groups, we will use controlled volume mode with low tidal volumes (4 to 6 mL/kg of predicted body weight) and targeting plateau pressure <= 30 cmH2O. The primary outcome is 28-day survival, and the secondary outcomes are: length of ICU stay; length of hospital stay; pneumothorax requiring chest tube during first 7 days; barotrauma during first 7 days; mechanical ventilation-free days from days 1 to 28; ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month survival. ART is an event-guided trial planned to last until 520 events (deaths within 28 days) are observed. These events allow detection of a hazard ratio of 0.75, with 90% power and two-tailed type I error of 5%. All analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: If the ART strategy with maximum recruitment and PEEP titration improves 28-day survival, this will represent a notable advance to the care of ARDS patients. Conversely, if the ART strategy is similar or inferior to the current evidence-based strategy (ARDSNet), this should also change current practice as many institutions routinely employ recruitment maneuvers and set PEEP levels according to some titration method.Hospital do Coracao (HCor) as part of the Program 'Hospitais de Excelencia a Servico do SUS (PROADI-SUS)'Brazilian Ministry of Healt

Emergência e crescimento inicial de Tabebuia heptaphylla (Vell.) Toledo em ambientes contrastantes de luz

Tabebuia heptaphylla (Vell.) Toledo, popularmente conhecida como ipê-roxo ou ipê-roxo-desete-folhas, é uma Bignoniaceae nativa da Mata Atlântica, de importância econômica, medicinal e ornamental, além de ser indicada para reflorestamentos. Entretanto, informações ecofisiológicas sobre essa espécie ainda são escassas. Assim, visando dispor de informações que auxiliem na sua propagação e conservação, este trabalho avaliou a emergência e crescimento inicial dessa espécie em regimes contrastantes de luz. Foram realizados dois experimentos independentes. O primeiro em condições controladas, com os tratamentos 70% de sombreamento e a pleno sol; e o segundo em ambiente natural, com os tratamentos clareira e sub-bosque. Entre os parâmetros utilizados para avaliar a emergência sob influência das intensidades luminosas, apenas a porcentagem de emergência diferiu estatisticamente no ambiente natural, sendo superior na clareira. Em condições controladas, houve significância para a velocidade de emergência, sendo maior nas plantas submetidas ao a pleno sol. A espécie apresentou reduzido crescimento inicial no sub-bosque, sendo todos os parâmetros estatisticamente inferiores em relação às plantas da clareira, com exceção da razão de área foliar e área foliar específica. Em condições controladas, os resultados que diferiram significativamente foram todos superiores nas plantas a pleno sol. O estudo evidenciou que a espécie apresenta capacidade de formar plântulas em diferentes regimes de luz, inclusive sob forte sombreamento natural, porém essa condição reduz significativamente seu crescimento inicial, sendo este favorecido por maiores intensidades luminosas