The H-Cube Project: Hydrodynamics, Heterogeneity and Homogenization in CO2 storage modeling

The main goal of the project H-CUBE is to provide appropriate theoretical and numerical models for accurate evaluation of the hydrodynamic behavior of a CO2 storage complex and surrounding area. Particular emphasis will be placed on the determination of the CO2- brine flow with buoyancy forces and dissolution effect in saline aquifers with a methodology for assessing heterogeneity of the geological formations at several scales. This will consist in performing deeper studies on the impact of heterogeneities onto CO2 flow behaviors from near well injection zone (meter scale) to basin scale (~100km), in developing new techniques for optimizing the flow behavior simulation (up-scaling and homogenization techniques) and characterization (proposal of appropriate reservoir descriptors), and in proposing suitable modeling and statistical workflows for assessing uncertainty analysis in function of the envisaged geological contexts. The project is decomposed in four main work packages

A consecutive process for C–C and C–N bond formation with high enantio-and diastereocontrol : direct reductive amination of chiral ketones using hydrogenation catalysts

Authors thank the University of St Andrews, and the EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training in Critical Resource Catalysis (CRITICAT) for financial support [PhD studentship to SG; Grant code: EP/L016419/1].High diastereoselectivity was observed in the Rh-catalysed reductive amination of 3-arylcyclohexanones to form tertiary amines. This was incorporated into a one-pot enantioselective conjugate addition and diastereoselective reductive amination, including an example of assisted tandem catalysis.PostprintPeer reviewe

Quantification de la dégradation mécanique et chimique d'un versant instable : approche géologique, hydromécanique et hydrochimique Etude du versant instable de Séchilienne, Isère (38)

National audienceLa déstabilisation du versant instable de Séchilienne est très sensible aux événements pluviométriques. La compréhension de la circulation des fluides dans le versant ainsi que les effets hydromécaniques associés est primordiale pour caractériser les mécanismes de déformation. L'objectif de cette étude est de déterminer (i) l'influence des fluides sur les processus de déstabilisation du versant instable, ainsi que (ii) la relation entre la chimie des eaux et la déformation de ce versant

Bilobate comet morphology and internal structure controlled by shear deformation

Bilobate comets—small icy bodies with two distinct lobes—are a common configuration among comets, but the factors shaping these bodies are largely unknown. Cometary nuclei, the solid centres of comets, erode by ice sublimation when they are sufficiently close to the Sun, but the importance of a comet’s internal structure on its erosion is unclear. Here we present three-dimensional analyses of images from the Rosetta mission to illuminate the process that shaped the Jupiter-family bilobate comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko over billions of years. We show that the comet’s surface and interior exhibit shear-fracture and fault networks, on spatial scales of tens to hundreds of metres. Fractures propagate up to 500 m below the surface through a mechanically homogeneous material. Through fracture network analysis and stress modelling, we show that shear deformation generates fracture networks that control mechanical surface erosion, particularly in the strongly marked neck trough of 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko, exposing its interior. We conclude that shear deformation shapes and structures the surface and interior of bilobate comets, particularly in the outer Solar System where water ice sublimation is negligible.Additional co-authors: M. A. Barucci, J.-L. Bertaux, I. Bertini, D. Bodewits, G. Cremonese, V. Da Deppo, S. Debei, M. De Cecco, J. Deller, S. Fornasier, M. Fulle, P. J. Gutiérrez, C. Güttler, W.-H. Ip, H. U. Keller, L. M. Lara, F. La Forgia, M. Lazzarin, A. Lucchetti, J. J. López-Moreno, F. Marzari, M. Massironi, S. Mottola, N. Oklay, M. Pajola, L. Penasa, F. Preusker, H. Rickman, F. Scholten, X. Shi, I. Toth, C. Tubiana & J.-B. Vincen

Simulation stochastique basée-objet de chenaux

Texte intégral accessible uniquement aux membres de l'Université de LorraineNon disponible / Not availableL'hétérogénéité dans la répartition des sédiments issus de systèmes de chenaux fait de cette architecture une hôte potentielle aux hydrocarbures. Lors de l'étude d'un réservoir, la connaissance des structures souterraines est disponible via les données issues de forages, de campagnes sismiques et de la connaissance géologique du domaine. Les processus de simulation stochastique représentent de nos jours un outil important pour la gestion d'un champ pétrolier à partir des simples données recueillies de la subsurface de la terre. Le but de ces méthodes est de générer plusieurs modèles équiprobables de l'architecture fluviatile afin d'étudier les risques encourus lors de l'exploitation d'un champ pétrolier. Et chaque modèle ainsi généré se doit e satisfaire les données de subsurface et refléter les informations issues de la connaissance géologique du champ étudié. Deux principales approches ont été proposées dans ce domaine : les approches dites " basées-pixel " et les approches dites " basées-objet ". Les méthodes basées pixels s'attachent à distribuer les valeurs d'une propriété (soit continue comme la perméabilité ou la porosité, ou discrète comme les indexes de faciès) dans le volume d'étude. Les méthodes objet (ou booléennes) consiste en la génération d'objets modélisant les corps fluviatiles présents dans le domaine étudié et de les distribuer dans le volume réservoir. Cependant, les difficultés généralement rencontrées dans ces dernières approches consistent à pouvoir générer de manière efficace des modèles réalistes prenant en comptes des données " dures " (les données de puits) ou " floues " (les données de proportion). Nos travaux ont donc été voués à la recherche d'une nouvelle méthode de simulation stochastique basée objet permettant de générer plusieurs modèles d'empilements de chenaux équiprobables, réalistes et rendant compte des données de subsurface

Simulation stochastique basée-objet de chenaux

L'hétérogénéité dans la répartition des sédiments issus de systèmes de chenaux fait de cette architecture une hôte potentielle aux hydrocarbures. Lors de l'étude d'un réservoir, la connaissance des structures souterraines est disponible via les données issues de forages, de campagnes sismiques et de la connaissance géologique du domaine. Les processus de simulation stochastique représentent de nos jours un outil important pour la gestion d'un champ pétrolier à partir des simples données recueillies de la subsurface de la terre. Le but de ces méthodes est de générer plusieurs modèles équiprobables de l'architecture fluviatile afin d'étudier les risques encourus lors de l'exploitation d'un champ pétrolier. Et chaque modèle ainsi généré se doit e satisfaire les données de subsurface et refléter les informations issues de la connaissance géologique du champ étudié. Deux principales approches ont été proposées dans ce domaine : les approches dites " basées-pixel " et les approches dites " basées-objet ". Les méthodes basées pixels s'attachent à distribuer les valeurs d'une propriété (soit continue comme la perméabilité ou la porosité, ou discrète comme les indexes de faciès) dans le volume d'étude. Les méthodes objet (ou booléennes) consiste en la génération d'objets modélisant les corps fluviatiles présents dans le domaine étudié et de les distribuer dans le volume réservoir. Cependant, les difficultés généralement rencontrées dans ces dernières approches consistent à pouvoir générer de manière efficace des modèles réalistes prenant en comptes des données " dures " (les données de puits) ou " floues " (les données de proportion). Nos travaux ont donc été voués à la recherche d'une nouvelle méthode de simulation stochastique basée objet permettant de générer plusieurs modèles d'empilements de chenaux équiprobables, réalistes et rendant compte des données de subsurface.NANCY/VANDOEUVRE-INPL (545472102) / SudocRENNES-Géosciences (352382209) / SudocSudocFranceF

3D Interactive Annotations on Digital Outcrops using a Touch Pad

International audienceno abstrac

Impacts of fluvial sedimentary heterogeneities on CO2 storage performance

Session H24B. Heterogeneity and Geologic Storage of CO2 IIThe heterogeneity of fluvial systems is a key parameter in sedimentology due to the associated impacts on flow performance. In a broader context, fluvial reservoirs are now targets for CO2 storage projects in several sedimentary basins (Paris Basin, North German Basin), thus calling for detailed characterization of reservoir behaviour and capacity. Fluvial reservoirs are a complex layout of highly heterogeneous sedimentary bodies with varying connectivity, depending on the sedimentary history of the system. Reservoir characterization must determine (a) the nature and dimension of the sedimentary bodies, and (b) the connectivity drivers and their evolution throughout the stratigraphic succession. Based on reservoir characterization, geological modelling must account for this information and can be used as a predictive tool for capacity estimation. Flow simulation, however, describes the reservoir behaviour with respect to CO2 injection. The present work focuses on fluvial reservoir performance and was carried out as part of a PhD (2008-2011) dedicated to the impact of sedimentary heterogeneity on CO2 storage performance. The work comprises three steps: ● Reservoir characterization based on detailed fieldwork (sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy) carried out in Central Arabia on the Minjur Sandstone. Twelve depositional environments and their associated heterogeneity are identified, and their layout is presented in a high-resolution sequence stratigraphy analysis. This step is summed up in a 3D geological model. ● Conceptual modelling based on this field data, using gOcad software and an in-house python code. The purpose was to study, for a given architecture, the impact of sedimentary heterogeneity on storage capacity estimations using two models: one with heterogeneity within the sedimentary fill (model A); the other without heterogeneity within the sedimentary fill (model B). A workflow was designed to estimate and compare the storage capacities for a series of some 50 scenarios. The results show that a strong compartmentalization, due to a shaly barrier, may decrease storage capacity by 11 to 25 percent. ● Flow-simulation of an 8-scenario sample extracted from the 50 possible scenarios. In contrast to the static modelling estimated capacities, the preliminary flow-simulation results indicate that capacity remains similar whichever model is applied (A or B). This is because the scale of the heterogeneity is similar to the extent of the CO2 plume, meaning that heterogeneity does not affect the amount of injected CO2 that can be stored in the sedimentary body. Nevertheless, connectivity strongly influences storage capacity, as determined by the 8 scenarios (model A) in which the total amount of CO2 injected ranges between 7 and 12 Mt over a 50-year period. Moreover, heterogeneity significantly increases pressure build-up, and may strongly disrupt the hydrodynamics in the aquifer

Modeling Channel Forms and Related Sedimentary Objects Using a Boundary Representation Based on Non-uniform Rational B-Splines

International audienceIn this paper, we aim at providing a flexible and compact volumetric object model capable of representing many sedimentary structures at different scales. Geo-bodies are defined by a boundary representation; each bounding surface is constructed as a parametric deformable surface. We propose a three-dimensional sedimentary object with a compact parametrization which allows for representing various geometries and provides a curvilinear framework for modeling internal heterogeneities. This representation is based on Non Uniform Rational B-Splines (NURBS) smoothly interpolate between a set of points. The three-dimensional models of geobodies are generated using a small number of parameters, and hence can be easily modified. This can be done by a point and click user interactions for manual editing or by a Monte-Carlo sampling for stochastic simulation. Each elementary shape is controlled by deformation rules and has connection constraints with associated objects, in order to maintain the geometry and the consistency through editing. The boundary representations of the different sedimentary structures are used to construct hexahedral conformal grids in order to perform petrophysical property simulations following the particular three-dimensional parametric space of each object. Finally these properties can be upscaled, according to erosion rules, to a global grid that represents the global depositional environment

Semiautomatic interpretation of 3D sedimentological structures on geologic images: An object-based approach

International audienceThe characterization of sedimentary structures is an important step in constructing quantitative models of sedimentary deposits from digital images, such as 3D seismic data, satellite images, or digital outcrops. However, the interpretation of these structures generally consists of tedious line pickings followed by surface modeling to define geobodies. Automatic geobody extraction is an alternative, but it is sensitive to image noise, and it does not account for prior sedimentary knowledge. We decided to combine minimal picking by an interpreter with object-guided image processing and optimization to achieve fast and semiautomatic geobody interpretation. Our approach used a realistic volumetric geobody representation based on nonuniform rational basis splines, which can easily be deformed by the interpreter and numerical optimization. Custom edge detection guided by some initial rough interpretations was performed to strengthen the most relevant edges in the picture. Automatic optimization was then computed to fit the initial geobody to these highlighted edges. This approach was applied on satellite pictures showing alluvial channels, and some preliminary results on 3D seismic time slices were also presented. The interpreted channels were then used in a retrodeformation process to automatically reconstruct the point bars. This semiautomatic method opens new perspectives to help interpreters rapidly come up with 3D models of sedimentary structures from subsurface and analog surface data sets