LA EVALUACIÓN: UN TEMA QUE TODOS DEBEMOS ABORDAR

RESUMEN La evaluación es un tema que debe ser abordado permanentemente por todos los miembros de la comunidad académica y especialmente por los profesores y estudiantes. Por las implicaciones éticas y de poder que llevan implícitas las acciones evaluativas, deben conformarse colectivos de pensamiento que mediante la reflexión crítica propicien las innovaciones acordes con las necesidades y exigencias sociales. Con la evaluación está asociada la calidad de la enseñanza, del aprendizaje, la calidad de vida en la comunidad académica y de la formación integral en general, por ello es imprescindible que se trasciendan las viejas e ineficaces políticas y prácticas, en favor de tendencias equilibradas y sobre todo democráticas.   Palabras Clave: Evaluación educativa, calidad, evaluación diagnóstica, evaluación formativa, y evaluación sumativa, acción comunicativa y criterios.   SUMMARY The evaluation is a subject that must permanently be boarded by all the members of the academic community and specially by the professors and students. By the ethical implications and of power that take implicit the evaluativas actions, they must be satisfied collective of thought that by means of the critical reflection the agreed innovations with the necessities and social exigencies cause. With the evaluation they are associate the quality of education, of the learning, the quality of life in the academic community and the integral formation in general, for that reason it is essential that the old and ineffective policies and practices are extended, in tendencies please balanced and mainly democratic.   Keywords: Educative evaluation, quality, it diagnoses evaluation, formative evaluation, and sum evaluation, communicative action and criteria.

The Latin American experience of allografting patients with severe aplastic anaemia: real-world data on the impact of stem cell source and ATG administration in HLA-identical sibling transplants

We studied 298 patients with severe aplastic anaemia (SAA) allografted in four Latin American countries. The source of cells was bone marrow (BM) in 94 patients and PBSCs in 204 patients. Engraftment failed in 8.1% of recipients with no difference between BM and PBSCs (P = 0.08). Incidence of acute GvHD (aGvHD) for BM and PBSCs was 30% vs 32% (P = 0.18), and for grades III–IV was 2.6% vs 11.6% (P = 0.01). Chronic GvHD (cGvHD) between BM and PBSCs was 37% vs 59% (P = 0.002) and extensive 5% vs 23.6% (P = 0.01). OS was 74% vs 76% for BM vs PBSCs (P = 0.95). Event-free survival was superior in patients conditioned with anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG)-based regimens compared with other regimens (79% vs 61%, P = 0.001) as excessive secondary graft failure was seen with other regimens (10% vs 26%, P = 0.005) respectively. In multivariate analysis, aGvHD II–IV (hazard ratio (HR) 2.50, confidence interval (CI) 1.1–5.6, P = 0.02) and aGvHD III–IV (HR 8.3 CI 3.4–20.2, Po0.001) proved to be independent negative predictors of survival. In conclusion, BM as a source of cells and ATG-based regimens should be standard because of higher GvHD incidence with PBSCs, although the latter combining with ATG in the conditioning regimen could be an option in selected high-risk patient

A922 Sequential measurement of 1 hour creatinine clearance (1-CRCL) in critically ill patients at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI)

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EPIdemiology of Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury (EPIS-AKI) : Study protocol for a multicentre, observational trial

More than 300 million surgical procedures are performed each year. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication after major surgery and is associated with adverse short-term and long-term outcomes. However, there is a large variation in the incidence of reported AKI rates. The establishment of an accurate epidemiology of surgery-associated AKI is important for healthcare policy, quality initiatives, clinical trials, as well as for improving guidelines. The objective of the Epidemiology of Surgery-associated Acute Kidney Injury (EPIS-AKI) trial is to prospectively evaluate the epidemiology of AKI after major surgery using the latest Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) consensus definition of AKI. EPIS-AKI is an international prospective, observational, multicentre cohort study including 10 000 patients undergoing major surgery who are subsequently admitted to the ICU or a similar high dependency unit. The primary endpoint is the incidence of AKI within 72 hours after surgery according to the KDIGO criteria. Secondary endpoints include use of renal replacement therapy (RRT), mortality during ICU and hospital stay, length of ICU and hospital stay and major adverse kidney events (combined endpoint consisting of persistent renal dysfunction, RRT and mortality) at day 90. Further, we will evaluate preoperative and intraoperative risk factors affecting the incidence of postoperative AKI. In an add-on analysis, we will assess urinary biomarkers for early detection of AKI. EPIS-AKI has been approved by the leading Ethics Committee of the Medical Council North Rhine-Westphalia, of the Westphalian Wilhelms-University Münster and the corresponding Ethics Committee at each participating site. Results will be disseminated widely and published in peer-reviewed journals, presented at conferences and used to design further AKI-related trials. Trial registration number NCT04165369

Therapeutic alternatives to pharmacological management with statin drugs in adults with dyslipidemia. Systematic literature review and general recommendations

Objetivo: Evaluar el impacto sobre la incidencia y recurrencia de eventos cardiovasculares y cerebrovasculares (prevención primaria y secundaria), los niveles de las fracciones lipídicas y la incidencia de efectos secundarios en personas con hipercolesterolemia intolerantes al tratamiento con las estatinas. Métodos: Se elaboró una guía de práctica clínica siguiendo los lineamientos de la guía metodológica del Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social para recolectar de forma sistemática la evidencia científica y formular las recomendaciones utilizando la metodología GRADE. Población: Población adulta, con diagnóstico de dislipidemia, o en riesgo de desarrollarla, intolerantes al manejo con las estatinas. Recomendaciones: Se formulan recomendaciones a favor del uso de diferentes medicamentos (los fibratos, la niacina, los ácidos omega 3, las resinas secuestradoras de ácidos biliares, el ezetimibe), según su efectividad hipolipemiante y reducción de eventos cardiovasculares, como propuesta adaptada al contexto social colombiano.Q4Artículo Original179-186Objective: To evaluate the impact on the incidence and recurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (primary and secondary prevention), the levels of lipid fractions and the incidence of side effects in people with hypercholesterolemia intolerant to statin therapy. Methods: A clinical practice guideline was developed following the guidelines of the methodological guidance of the Ministry of Health and Social Protection to systematically collect the evidence and make recommendations using the GRADE methodology. Population: Adult population, diagnosed with dyslipidemia or at risk of developing, intolerant to management with statin drugs. Recommendations: Recommendations for the use of different medications (fibrates, niacin, omega 3 acids, bile acid binding resins, ezetimibe) are formulated according to their lipidlowering effectiveness and reduction of cardiovascular events, a proposal adapted to the Colombian social context

EPIdemiology of Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury (EPIS-AKI): Study protocol for a multicentre, observational trial

Introduction More than 300 million surgical procedures are performed each year. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication after major surgery and is associated with adverse short-term and long-term outcomes. However, there is a large variation in the incidence of reported AKI rates. The establishment of an accurate epidemiology of surgery-associated AKI is important for healthcare policy, quality initiatives, clinical trials, as well as for improving guidelines. The objective of the Epidemiology of Surgery-associated Acute Kidney Injury (EPIS-AKI) trial is to prospectively evaluate the epidemiology of AKI after major surgery using the latest Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) consensus definition of AKI. Methods and analysis EPIS-AKI is an international prospective, observational, multicentre cohort study including 10 000 patients undergoing major surgery who are subsequently admitted to the ICU or a similar high dependency unit. The primary endpoint is the incidence of AKI within 72 hours after surgery according to the KDIGO criteria. Secondary endpoints include use of renal replacement therapy (RRT), mortality during ICU and hospital stay, length of ICU and hospital stay and major adverse kidney events (combined endpoint consisting of persistent renal dysfunction, RRT and mortality) at day 90. Further, we will evaluate preoperative and intraoperative risk factors affecting the incidence of postoperative AKI. In an add-on analysis, we will assess urinary biomarkers for early detection of AKI. Ethics and dissemination EPIS-AKI has been approved by the leading Ethics Committee of the Medical Council North Rhine-Westphalia, of the Westphalian Wilhelms-University Münster and the corresponding Ethics Committee at each participating site. Results will be disseminated widely and published in peer-reviewed journals, presented at conferences and used to design further AKI-related trials. Trial registration number NCT04165369.

ESICM LIVES 2016: part two : Milan, Italy. 1-5 October 2016.

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