ANALYSIS OF EFFICIENCY OF VACCINES AGAINST BRUCELLOSIS IN CATTLE IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

Objective: This article analyzes the efficiency of live vaccines obtained from the strains of Brucella abortus 82 and 75/79-AV and RB-51 in some regions of Kazakhstan in 2012-2014 and recommends optimal scheme of their use. Methods: There were analyzed the effectiveness of the use of live vaccines (manufactured in Russia) obtained from strains of B. abortus 19, 82 and 75/79-AV in combination with post-vaccination diagnostics of brucellosis in cattle in the farmsteads owned by Vostok-moloko Corporation in Eastern Kazakhstan in the period of 2012-2015. Results: The results of these tests prove that studies of animals 1 month after the vaccination have helped to further identify the animals with hidden form of brucellosis provoked by R-vaccine, which explains the favorable outcome of the research. Conclusion: The above-described scheme of anti-brucellosis activities ensures effective control of the epizootic process of brucellosis by establishing permanent†(continuous) immunity and permanent control of epizooty in brucellosis threatened/unsafe herds

Measuring nuclear spin qubits by qudit-enhanced spectroscopy in Silicon Carbide

Nuclear spins with hyperfine coupling to single electron spins are highly valuable quantum bits. In this work we probe and characterise the particularly rich nuclear spin environment around single silicon vacancy color-centers (V2) in 4H-SiC. By using the electron spin-3/2 qudit as a 4 level sensor, we identify several groups of $^{29}$Si and $^{13}$C nuclear spins through their hyperfine interaction. We extract the major components of their hyperfine coupling via optical detected nuclear resonance, and assign them to shell groups in the crystal via the DFT simulations. We utilise the ground state level anti-crossing of the electron spin for dynamic nuclear polarization and achieve a nuclear spin polarization of up to $98\pm6\,\%$. We show that this scheme can be used to detect the nuclear magnetic resonance signal of individual spins and demonstrate their coherent control. Our work provides a detailed set of parameters for future use of SiC as a multi-qubit memory and quantum computing platform.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures, 1 S

Low power reconfigurable multilevel nanophotonic devices based on Sn-doped Ge2Sb2Te5 thin films

In the past years, Ge2Sb2Te5 has been considered a promising functional material for a variety of reconfigurable multilevel devices, including photonic integrated circuits for the post-von Neumann arithmetic processing. However, despite significant advances, it is necessary to reduce the switching energy of Ge2Sb2Te5 for creation of the on-chip low power all-photonic spiking neural networks. The present work focuses on the effect of tin ion implantation on the properties of amorphous Ge2Sb2Te5 thin films, as well as on the performance of Mach-Zehnder interferometers and balanced beam splitters based on them. As a result, Sn-doping accompanied by the formation of weaker bonds in Ge2Sb2Te5 thin films is an efficient approach to significantly reduce the threshold energy of fs-laser initiated phase transitions and change the effective absorption coefficient. The possibility of using the Sn-doped Ge2Sb2Te5 thin films for fully optical multilevel reversible recording between 9 different levels (3 bits) has been demonstrated by experimental measurements of fabricated on-chip balanced beam splitters. The obtained results show that the Sn doping of Ge2Sb2Te5 layer can be used to optimize the properties of the GST225 thin films, in particular to reduce the switching energy. So, it has the potential to improve the characteristics of reconfigurable multilevel nanophotonic devices using the GST225 thin films, including fully non-volatile memory and developed on-chip low power all-photonic circuits for post-von Neumann arithmetic processin

Parity games : interior-point approach

We introduce and investigate continuous optimization techniques for solving Parity Games, based on the interior-point paradigm, combining barrier functions and quasi-Newton methods. These have been proven very successful for Linear and Convex Programming. The basic step is to leave the boundary (i.e. the stationary strategies in which such games can be solved) and to cut through the interior (i.e. probabilistic strategies) of the many-dimensional hypercube of strategies

Parity games : interior-point approach

We introduce and investigate continuous optimization techniques for solving Parity Games, based on the interior-point paradigm, combining barrier functions and quasi-Newton methods. These have been proven very successful for Linear and Convex Programming. The basic step is to leave the boundary (i.e. the stationary strategies in which such games can be solved) and to cut through the interior (i.e. probabilistic strategies) of the many-dimensional hypercube of strategies

A Randomized Subexponential Algorithm for Parity Games

We describe a randomized algorithm for Parity Games (equivalen

Experiments with Iterative Improvement Algorithms on Completely Unimodal Hypercubes

Completely unimodal (i.e., having a unique local minimum on every versions of different optimization problems, like linear programming, decision problems for games, and abstract optimization problems. In this paper we investigate and compare the behaviors of seven iterative improvement algorithms: 1) the Greedy Single Switch Algorithm (GSSA), 2) the Random Single Switch Algorithm (RSSA), 3) the All Profitable Switches Algorithm (APSA), 4) the Random Multiple Switches Algorithm (RMSA)

The effectiveness of the Latvian education system assessed by the population

The article assesses the efficiency of the state’s system of education through a wide variety of objective factors (the state and availability of infrastructure, budget, training and retraining, etc.) and subjective (psychosocial) assessments and visions of the education system (satisfaction with one’s own level of education, field of education and the attitude to it)

Моделювання динамічного руйнування донної частини свердловини з урахуванням концентратора напружень

In the problems of high-speed impact, penetration, explosion, aerohydroelasticity and other non-stationary processes accompanied by high strain rates, program complexes using an explicit method for solving equations of continuum mechanics are widely used. At present, the most promising method for modeling and calculating such problems is the finite element method.Explosive or mechanical creation of initial cracks in the bottom part of the borehole makes it possible to reduce significantly amount of the load necessary for fracture contributing to a more effective development of the shoulder foot. This leads to a reduction in subdrilling. Presence of the subdrilling increases drilling costs by 20...30 %, worsens crushing of the upper part of the rock body and increases fracturing of the upper part of the next shoulder. However, this method requires additional costs and complicates the process of charging wells. One of the possible ways to simplify this method is to form the borehole bottom with a minimum rounding radius of the zone of interface between the borehole bottom and the wall.It was established that the value of the relative radius of rounding between the bottom and the walls of the borehole significantly affects the character of the crack formation in the lower layers. It is possible to overcome the problem of obtaining rск→0 by creating borehole structures with a shock wave concentrator at the borehole bottom. The conical surface of these devices will ensure making the angle between the borehole bottom and the wall less than 90°.Исследовано влияние изменения геометрии дна шпура (скважины) на возникновение и развитие начальных трещин в гранитном массиве при детонации заряда взрывчатого вещества. Численное моделирование быстропротекающих процессов позволяет получить дополнительную информацию о сложных физических явлениях, которая недоступна при экспериментальных методах исследований. В настоящее время наиболее перспективным методом моделирования и расчета таких задач является метод конечных элементовДосліджено вплив зміни геометрії дна шпуру (свердловини) на виникнення і розвиток початкових тріщин в гранітному масиві при детонації заряду вибухової речовини. Чисельне моделювання швидкоплинних процесів дозволяє отримати додаткову інформацію про складні фізичні явища, яка недоступна при експериментальних методах досліджень. В даний час найбільш перспективним методом моделювання і розрахунку таких задач є метод скінченних елементі

Simulation of Dynamic Fracture of the Borehole Bottom Taking Into Consideration Stress Concentrator

In the problems of high-speed impact, penetration, explosion, aerohydroelasticity and other non-stationary processes accompanied by high strain rates, program complexes using an explicit method for solving equations of continuum mechanics are widely used. At present, the most promising method for modeling and calculating such problems is the finite element method.Explosive or mechanical creation of initial cracks in the bottom part of the borehole makes it possible to reduce significantly amount of the load necessary for fracture contributing to a more effective development of the shoulder foot. This leads to a reduction in subdrilling. Presence of the subdrilling increases drilling costs by 20...30 %, worsens crushing of the upper part of the rock body and increases fracturing of the upper part of the next shoulder. However, this method requires additional costs and complicates the process of charging wells. One of the possible ways to simplify this method is to form the borehole bottom with a minimum rounding radius of the zone of interface between the borehole bottom and the wall.It was established that the value of the relative radius of rounding between the bottom and the walls of the borehole significantly affects the character of the crack formation in the lower layers. It is possible to overcome the problem of obtaining rск→0 by creating borehole structures with a shock wave concentrator at the borehole bottom. The conical surface of these devices will ensure making the angle between the borehole bottom and the wall less than 90°