Advanced studies of ancient colours to safeguard cultural heritage and new sustainable applications

Funding Information: This research was funded by the Portuguese Science Foundation [Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, Ministério da Educação e da Ciência (FCT/MCTES)], Márcia Vieira [ SFRH/BD/148729/2019 ]; Paula Nabais [ 2021.01344.CEECIND ]; Vanessa Otero [ 2020.00647.CEECIND ]; Projects STEMMA “From singing to writing – survey on material production and routes of Galician-Portuguese Lyric”, PTDC/LLT-EGL/30984/2017 ) and "Polyphenols in Art: chemistry and biology hand in hand with conservation of cultural heritage", PTDC/QUI-OUT/29925/2017; Associate Laboratory for Green Chemistry- LAQV financed by FCT/MCTES ( UIDB/50006/2020 and UIDP/50006/2020 ) and co-financed by the ERDF under the PT2020 Partnership Agreement ( POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007265 ). Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Author(s)Heritage materials are highly complex systems of unknown and intrinsically heterogeneous compositions and unmonitored long-term modifications. In this microreview, we describe our interdisciplinary approach, its importance to new treatments tailored to prevent changes to historical colours, and innovative strategies for their identification in artworks. We illustrate our methodology through the study of medieval Islamic manuscripts from the Fondo Ka'ti. These advanced studies have shown the remarkable properties of ancient dyes, their resilience and durability, properties designed by our ancestors through sustainable materials processing. This lost knowledge can be shared with the community empowering them to create new sustainable applications, from unique art pieces to regional value-added products.publishersversionpublishe

Subjective wellbeing, sense of humor and psychological health in hemodialysis patients

Objective: To investigate the relationship between satisfaction with life in general, sense of humor, and anxiety, depression and stress with subjective happiness in chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional and correlational study was developed in two units of the Diaverum dialysis clinic and one hospital unit, with 183 chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis. An instrument was used to characterize the sociodemographic and clinical profile of the sample (age, gender, nationality, education, occupation, marital status, dialysis sessions length, presence of hypertension and diabetes): the subjective happiness scale; the satisfaction with life in general; depression, anxiety and stress scale 21; and multidimensional sense of humor scale. Inferential procedures included Spearman correlation coefficients, and multiple linear regression adjusting to age, marital status, professional activity and diabetes.Results: Subjective Happiness was positively correlated with satisfaction with life in general, and the three dimensions of Sense of Humor. Nevertheless, subjective happiness was negatively correlated with stress / anxiety and depression. Satisfaction with life in general, humor production and social use of humor, and attitude towards humor had a positive relationship with subjective happiness. However, depression had a negative relationship with subjective happiness. Conclusions: Higher levels of subjective happiness were associated with higher levels of satisfaction with life in general, and sense of humor, however they were also associated with lower levels of depression in patients undergoing hemodialysis

Ocular Surface Evaluation After the Substitution of Benzalkonium Chloride Preserved Prostaglandin Eye Drops by a Preservative-free Prostaglandin Analogue

To evaluate ocular surface changes after withdrawal of Benzalkonium chloride (BAK) in patients with glaucoma in monotherapy with BAK-preserved prostaglandin. This was a prospective observational study. All patients underwent complete ophthalmologic examination and evaluation of ocular surface. A questionnaire was filled regarding symptoms of dry eye (Ocular Surface Disease Index [OSDI]) at the beginning of study. The treatment was switched to preservative-free tafluprost for 6 weeks and after this period, all patients were re-evaluated. All patients reported improvement of symptoms. The green lissamine test showed a significant improvement of the ocular surface, with most patients classified as light dry eye (P < 0.001). A significant improvement in the score (P < 0.001) was also found, with an average of 17.95 ± 5.35 points, which classifies the patients' symptoms in the normal to light zone. Benzalkonium chloride withdrawal reduced the signs and symptoms of dry eye in patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG)

Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli and Enterobacteriaceae Control at a Pig Abattoir: Are We Missing Lairage Time Effect, Pig Skin, and Internal Carcass Surface Contamination?

This article belongs to the Special Issue Foodborne Pathogens Control: Current State of the Art and Future Prospects.To provide meat safety and consumer protection, appropriate hygiene control measures at an abattoir are required. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of visual fecal contamination level (VFCL) and lairage time (LT) on pig skin (PS) and external (ECS) and internal (ICS) carcass surfaces. The presence of Enterobacteriaceae, Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Salmonella in PS, ECS, and ICS were evaluated. A total of 300 paired samples were collected from 100 pigs. Results underlined the importance of the skin (Enterobacteriaceae: 3.27 ± 0.68 log CFU/cm2; E. coli: 3.15 ± 0.63 log CFU/cm2; Salmonella: 21% of samples) as a direct or indirect source of carcass contamination. Although VFCL revealed no significant effect (p > 0.05), the increase of LT had a significant impact (p < 0.001) on Enterobacteriaceae and E. coli levels across all analysed surfaces, and Salmonella presence on ICS (p < 0.01), demanding attention to LT. Also, the ICS showed a higher level of these bacteria compared to ECS. These results highlight the need of food business operators to consider ICS as an alternative area to sample for Salmonella, as a criterion for process hygiene based on EC Regulation No. 2073/2005, and as a potential contamination source to be integrated in the hazard analysis critical control point (HACCP) plans.This work was supported by the projects UIDP/00772/2020, LA/P/0059/2020 funded by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), and Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB) research unit, grant number UIDB/04033/2020.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Antinociceptive and anxiolytic-like effects of Lavandula angustifolia essential oil on rat models of orofacial pain

Nociceptive and inflammatory orofacial pain is highly prevalent in the population, which justifies the search for safer analgesics. There is increasing evidence of the analgesic and anxiolytic potential of Lavandula angustifolia essential oil (LAV EO), which may represent, when administered through inhalation, may represent a safer alternative for pain treatment. Objective: to evaluate whether LAV EO has antinociceptive effect in the formalin test, and anti-hyperalgesic and anxiolytic-like effects in rats subjected to a model of orofacial postoperative pain. Methodology: Female Wistar rats were exposed to LAV EO (5%) by inhalation for 30 minutes. After exposure, animals were injected with formalin (2.5%, 50 μL) or saline into the hind paw or upper lip and the number of flinches or facial grooming time, respectively, were evaluated. Likewise, on day 3 after intraoral mucosa incision, the animals were exposed to LAV EO and facial mechanical, and heat hyperalgesia were assessed. The influence of LAV EO inhalation on anxiety-like behavior was assessed in operated rats by testing them on the open field (OF) and elevated plus maze (EPM). Results: LAV EO reduced the phase II of the paw formalin test and both phases of the orofacial formalin test. On day three post-incision, LAV EO reduced heat and mechanical hyperalgesia, from 30 minutes up to three hours, and reduced the anxiety-like behavior in operated rats without causing locomotor deficit. Conclusion: LAV EO inhalation results in antinociceptive and anxiolytic-like effects in orofacial pain models, which encourages further studies on LAV EO indications and effectiveness on orofacial pain conditions

Ocular Surface Evaluation After the Substitution of Benzalkonium Chloride Preserved Prostaglandin Eye Drops by a Preservative-free Prostaglandin Analogue

To evaluate ocular surface changes after withdrawal of Benzalkonium chloride (BAK) in patients with glaucoma in monotherapy with BAK-preserved prostaglandin. This was a prospective observational study. All patients underwent complete ophthalmologic examination and evaluation of ocular surface. A questionnaire was filled regarding symptoms of dry eye (Ocular Surface Disease Index [OSDI]) at the beginning of study. The treatment was switched to preservative-free tafluprost for 6 weeks and after this period, all patients were re-evaluated. All patients reported improvement of symptoms. The green lissamine test showed a significant improvement of the ocular surface, with most patients classified as light dry eye (P &lt; 0.001). A significant improvement in the score (P &lt; 0.001) was also found, with an average of 17.95 ± 5.35 points, which classifies the patients' symptoms in the normal to light zone. Benzalkonium chloride withdrawal reduced the signs and symptoms of dry eye in patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG)

Atenção terciária à criança com doença crônica na perspectiva da gestão do cuidado

Objetivo: Analisar as ações desenvolvidas na atenção terciária à criança com doença crônica na perspetiva da gestão do cuidado.Método: Pesquisa qualitativa realizada com 14 profissionais da saúde de unidades pediátricas de dois hospitais nordestinos, entre novembro de 2018 e março de 2019, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada. O material empírico foi interpretado por análise temática indutiva à luz da gestão do cuidado.Resultados: As ações das equipes multiprofissionais apresentam-se fragmentadas, dificultando o preparo e o envolvimento da família no cuidado e nem sempre respondendo às demandas singulares e complexas da criança. O número insuficiente de profissionais, falta de insumos e infraestruturas inadequadas dos serviços hospitalares refletem na prática assistencial gerando sobrecarga de trabalho e ações desarticuladas.Considerações finais: A gestão do cuidado contribui para a reestruturação dos processos de trabalho no hospital para que as ações da equipe atendam às demandas singulares e complexas dessa população. Palavras-Chave: Criança. Hospitalização. Doença crônica. Gestão em saúde

The effectiveness of Snoezelen in reducing stereotyping in adults with intellectual disabilities: a case study of occupational therapy intervention in multisensory stimulation rooms

Existem escassas evidências sobre a eficácia da intervenção em salas de Snoezelen na redução de estereotipias em adultos com deficiência intelectual. Neste sentido, o presente estudo pretendeu avaliar a relação entre esta estimulação multissensorial e a redução de estereotipias em adultos com deficiência intelectual. Por meio da metodologia de estudo de caso, analisou-se o comportamento de um sujeito antes, durante e após estimulação multissensorial em salas de Snoezelen, durante dez sessões bissemanais, com a duração de 1h30. A recolha de dados foi concretizada por entrevista semiestruturada aos cuidadores formais do sujeito e da observação direta participante e não participante com registo audiovisual das sessões. Após a análise dos dados, com a utilização do software WebQDA, foi possível concluir que a estimulação multissensorial em sala de Snoezelen contribuiu para a redução das estereotipias no sujeito em estudo, durante a sua realização como imediatamente após, num contexto distinto. Outra evidência do presente estudo sugere que existe uma redução da frequência de estereotipias a médio prazo bem como o aumento da interação e comunicação do sujeito com o terapeuta.There is little evidence of the effectiveness of intervention in Snoezelen rooms in stereotyping reduction in adults with intellectual disabilities. In this direction, the present study sought to evaluate the relationship between this multisensory stimulation and stereotyping reduction in adults with intellectual disabilities. Through the case study methodology, the behavior of a subject was analyzed before, during and after the multisensory stimulation in Snoezelen rooms for ten biweekly sessions, lasting an hour and a half. Data collection was completed by semi-structured interviews with the formal caregivers of the subject and by the participant and non-participant direct observation with audiovisual recording sessions. After analyzing the data using the WebQDA software, it was concluded that the multisensory stimulation in Snoezelen rooms contributed to reduce stereotyping in the subject being studied, both during its realization and immediately after. Another evidence of this study suggests that there is a reduction in the frequency of stereotyping in the medium term as well as increased interaction and communication between the subject and therapist

Acute rheumatic fever in a 61-year-old patient

O estudo e a descrição da febre reumática aguda (FRA) em adultos é escasso, dado que sua ocorrência é rara acima dos 40 anos de idade. Descrevemos um episódio de FRA em paciente feminina de 61 anos com uma história de um mês de dor retrosternal, dispnéia, ortopnéia e tosse não-produtiva. Dopplerecocardiograma revelou achados novos de espessamento da valva mitral, calcificação, mobilidade reduzida e regurgitação significativa, além de uma fração de ejeção de 39% e aumento dos diâmetros do ventrículo esquerdo e do átrio esquerdo. Ressonância magnética cardíaca confirmou importante disfunção e aumento de diamêtro sistólico do ventrículo esquerdo, com insuficiência mitral grave e ausência de realce tardio ou edema miocárdico. PET/CT com 18F-FDG mostrou aumento de captação na parede ventricular esquerda e na musculatura papilar. A biópsia endomiocárdica confirmou miocardite linfohistiocitária leve. Tratada com prednisona e azatioprina, além de profilaxia secundária com penicilina G e otimização da prescrição, a paciente apresentou melhora clínica significativa no seguimento.The study and description of Acute Rheumatic Fever (ARF) in adults is scarce as its occurrence is rare over the age of 40 years old. We describe an ARF episode in a 61-year-old woman that presented with a one-month history of retrosternal pain, dyspnea, orthopnea and nonproductive cough. Her doppler echocardiogram revealed new findings of mitral valve thickening, calcification, reduced mobility and significant regurgitation, in addition to an ejection fraction of 39% and increased left ventricular and left atrium diameters. Cardiac magnetic resonance confirmed important left ventricular systolic dysfunction and enlargement, with severe mitral regurgitation and no delayed myocardial enhancement or edema. PET/CT with 18F-FDG showed increased uptake in the left ventricular wall and papillary musculature. Endomyorcadial biopsy confirmed mild lymphohistiocytic myocarditis. Treated with Prednisone and Azathioprine, besides secondary prophylaxis with Penicillin G and prescription optimization, the patient presented significant clinical improvement on follow-up

A ATIVIDADE ORIENTADORA DE ENSINO COMO PRESSUPOSTO TEÓRICO-METODOLÓGICO DE PESQUISAS

This paper aims to analyze the Teaching-Orienteering Activity (AOE) in the development of researches built in education spaces and then focused on the teacher who teaches mathematics. We selected fourteen researches developed in the period from 2007 to 2016, within the framework of the Group of Studies and Research on Pedagogical Activity. The text discusses the concept of AOE, its elements and the theoretical foundations to looking for its presence in the methodology of the analyzed researches, considering their production process and data analysis. The analyses revealed that all the researches were carried out in education spaces where the principles of the AOE were present, however, some of these spaces were intentionally organized for the production of the data. Regarding the data analysis process, researches were identified in which the AOE and its elements underpinned the analysis process and made it possible to construct categories or units of analysis.Este artículo pretende analizar la Actividad Orientadora de Enseñanza (AOE) en el desarrollo de investigaciones realizadas en espacios formativos con foco en el profesor que enseña matemáticas. Se seleccionaron catorce investigaciones desarrolladas en el período de 2007 a 2016, en el ámbito del Grupo de Estudios e Investigación sobre Actividad Pedagógica. El texto discute el concepto de AOE, sus elementos y fundamentos teóricos para reconocer su presencia en la metodología de las investigaciones analizadas, en el proceso de producción y análisis de datos. Los análisis revelan que, aunque todas las investigaciones se realizaron en espacios formativos donde estuvieron vigentes principios de la AOE, en algunas de ellas los espacios fueron intencionalmente organizados para producción de datos. Además, se identificaron investigaciones en que la AOE y sus elementos fundamentaron los análisis, o de forma específica posibilitaran la construcción de categorías o unidades de análisis de datos.O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a Atividade Orientadora de Ensino (AOE) no desenvolvimento de pesquisas em espaços formativos que tiveram como foco o professor que ensina matemática. Foram selecionadas quatorze pesquisas desenvolvidas no período de 2007 a 2016, no âmbito do Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisa sobre Atividade Pedagógica. O texto discute o conceito de AOE, seus elementos e os fundamentos teóricos que o sustentam buscando reconhecer sua presença na metodologia das pesquisas analisadas no processo de produção e análise de dados. As análises revelam que ainda que todas as pesquisas foram sido realizadas em espaços formativos onde estiveram vigentes os princípios da AOE, e que em algumas delas os espaços foram intencionalmente organizados para a produção dos dados. Além disso, identificaram-se pesquisas em que os elementos da AOE fundamentaram os processos de análise ou de forma mais específica possibilitaram a construção de categorias ou unidades de análise dos dados da pesquisa