How well do portuguese part-time entrepreneurs perform?

Mestrado em FinançasO propósito desta dissertação é examinar o desempenho dos empreendedores a tempo parcial, principalmente analisar sua sobrevivência. Recorremos a uma base de dados com dados do empregado-empregador (QP - "Quadros de Pessoal"), e selecionámos todas as novas empresas que se estabeleceram no período de 2000-2007, excluindo todas as organizações sem fins lucrativos, obtendo um total de 41,293 observações. As organizações sem fins lucrativos foram excluídos, porque este estudo incide sobre indivíduos que decidiram se envolver no empreendedorismo a tempo parcial como forma de obter um rendimento adicional. Um empreendedor a tempo parcial é uma pessoa que dedica o seu tempo livre a exercer uma actividade empresarial, enquanto mantém um trabalho regular. A nossa principal conclusão é que as características dos empresários de tempo parcial partilham algumas semelhanças com empresários a tempo integral, principalmente em termos de idade e tamanho da empresa.The purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance of part-time entrepreneurs, more specifically evaluate their survival. We use an employer' employee dataset (QP - "Quadros de Pessoal"), we solemnly select all start-ups established between 2000 and 2007, and exclude nonprofit organizations, obtaining a total of 41,293 observations. The nonprofit organizations were excluded mainly because this study focused on individuals that decided to engage in part-time entrepreneurship as a way to gain an extra income. Part-time entrepreneurs are individuals who dedicate their spare time in engaging in entrepreneurial ventures while maintaining a regular job. Our major finding is that part-time entrepreneurs share some similarities with the full-time entrepreneur's features, mainly in terms of age and firm's size

Birth weight and heart rate autonomic recovery following exercise in healthy term-born adults

The impact of birth weight (BW) on adult health has been studied, related to the autonomic nervous system, and implicated in cardiovascular risk. We investigated cardiorespiratory and heart rate (HR) autonomic recovery after moderate effort in healthy term-born adults with different BWs. We studied 28 healthy physically active women aged between 18 to 30 years split equally into two groups according to BW: G1 (n = 14), BW between 2500 g and 3200 g and G2 (n = 14), BW > 3200 g. The groups remained seated at rest for 15 min, followed by aerobic exercise on a treadmill (five minutes at 50–55% of maximum HR and 25 min 60–65% of maximum HR) and then remained seated for 60 min during recovery from the exercise. Cardiorespiratory parameters and HR variability (HRV) [RMSSD, HF (ms2)] were assessed before and during recovery from exercise. In G1, HR was increased from 0 to 20 min after exercise whilst in G2 HR was higher from 0 to 7 min following exercise. In G1, short-term HRV was increased from 5 to 10 min after exercise but in G2 it recovered prior to 5 min following effort. In conclusion, healthy term-born women with low normal BW present slower HR autonomic recovery after exercise

Co-segregation of recombinant inbred lines of the common bean to races 65 and 73 Colletotrichum lindemuthianum.

The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the most important legumes for direct human consumption (Lin et al. 2008). Anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum is the most widespread, recurrent and devastating disease of the common bean in Latin America and Africa (Pastor-Corrales and Tu 1989). The genetic mapping is carried out using segregating populations. Obtaining segregating populations for genetic mapping have been standard practice in the common bean research (Gepts et al. 1993; Blair et al. 2006). These populations have led to detailed studies and promising to greater efficiency in the genetic breeding of the crop worldwide, but have as limitation, the small size (Sanglard et al. 2013). Thus, the objective of this research was to phenotype the recombinant inbred lines (RIL?s) population from AND 277 × Rudá cross with the 65 and 73 races of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum

Política Criminal de Drogas no Brasil: o que a Criminologia tem a nos dizer?

Title: Criminal Policy of Drugs in Brazil: What has the Criminology to say to us? Resumo: O presente trabalho tem por finalidade trazer à baila as discussões acerca da política de drogas no Brasil e no mundo, sob a perspectiva de um modelo integrado de ciências criminais. O ser humano tem se relacionado com as drogas desde o início da sua história, seja para fins religiosos, culturais ou recreativos. Séculos depois o Estado passou a assumir uma nova postura de moralização sobre as drogas, marcada pela crescente proibição dessas substâncias. Este fator influenciou na elaboração de tratados internacionais e legislações internas dos países sobre a matéria, os quais passaram a aumentar a repressão com o intuito de instituir a abstinência da droga, sem levar em consideração, no entanto, o contexto social a qual se aplicava. Por consequência, a Organização das Nações Unidas também adotou a linha repressiva como abordagem obrigatória aos países signatários. Nesse sentido, pretende-se analisar o caráter eminentemente proibicionista do controle de drogas sob a ótica da criminologia crítica, com vistas a desmistificar o real fenômeno da droga e as consequências que este modelo traz para a sociedade, a economia e a saúde pública e, em última análise, à preservação dos direitos humanos.Palavras-chave: Política criminal de drogas, Modelo integrado de ciências criminais, Modelo proibicionista, Criminologia crítica, Direitos humanos.  Abstract: The present essay is intended to moot the discursion concerning the drugs policies on Brazil and around the world, from the perspective of an integrated model of criminal science. Human being has been relating with drugs since his own history beginnings, be it for religious, cultural or recreative purposes. Centuries later, the State has assumed a new posture of morality about drugs, marked by the ascending prohibition of these substances. This factor influenced the elaboration of international treaties and domestic legislation in countries concerning the matter, these which passed to increase repressive measures in order to establish drugs abstinence, without considering though, the social context of its appliance. Consequently, the United Nations also adopted the repressive policy as a mandatory approach for signatory members. In this context, it is intended to analyze the eminently prohibitionist disposition of drugs control from the perspective of critical criminology, aiming to desmystify drugs real phenomena and the consequences of this model for society, economics and public health and, ultimately, the preservation of human rights.Keywords: Drugs policy, Integrated model of criminal Science, Prohibitionist Model, Critical criminology, Human Rights.

CIRCUITOS EDUCATIVOS: A ESCOLA MODERNA N. 1 E OS GINÁSIOS VOCACIONAIS NOTURNOS, UM ESTUDO COMPARATIVO

O trabalho apresenta resultados iniciais de projeto de pesquisa mais amplo sobre práticas culturais e educativas desenvolvidas pelo movimento operário ou direcionadas aos trabalhadores pelos setores dominantes no decorrer do século XX, especificamente no estado de São Paulo. É nosso objetivo específico localizar/destacar o percurso do ideário anarquista, traduzido num conjunto de prescrições práticas para a organização da denominada Escola Moderna n.1 por grupos anarquistas, entre 1912 e 1919, tomado comparativamente ao projeto pedagógico dos Ginásios Vocacionais Noturnos, uma iniciativa de política pública de educação, nos anos 1960, destinada a jovens e adultos trabalhadores

ARQUIVO JOÃO PENTEADO E SUA IMPORTÂNCIA PARA OS ESTUDOS DE EDUCAÇÃO ANARQUISTA NO BRASIL

Criado, em 1992, por iniciativa de professores da Faculdade de Educação da USP preocupados com a produção de instrumentos de pesquisa para a escrita da história da educação brasileira, o Centro de Memória da Educação – CME/FEUSP integra o esforço de revitalização do campo de produção da pesquisa histórica por meio da problematização e alargamento da concepção de fontes em história da educação, e ampliação da historiografia. O texto discute os procedimentos de pesquisa, conceitos e métodos utilizados, e os resultados do projeto Educação Anarquista no Brasil. O Acervo João Penteado (1912 a 1961), voltado à análise de conjunto documental inédito, de interesse substantivo para a reconstrução histórica das práticas educativas desenvolvidas na Escola Moderna, bem como sobre a história do ensino no estado (auxílios CNPq e FAPESP)

Bioactive sugarcane lipids in a circular economy context

Most of the global sugar and ethanol supply trade comes from the harvesting of Saccharum officinarum (i.e., sugarcane). Its industrial processing results in numerous by-products and waste streams, such as tops, straw, filter cake, molasses and bagasse. The recovery of lipids (i.e., octacosanol, phytosterols, long-chain aldehydes and triterpenoids) from these residues is an excellent starting point for the development of new products for various application fields, such as health and well-being, representing an important feature of the circular economy. By selecting green scalable extraction procedures, industry can reduce its environmental impact. Refluxed ethanol extraction methods have been demonstrated to meet these characteristics. On the other hand, effective non-solvent methodologies such as molecular distillation and supercritical CO2 extraction can fractionate lipids based on high temperature and pressure application with similar yields. Sugarcane lipophilic extracts are usually analyzed through gas chromatography (GC) and liquid chromatography (LC) techniques. In many cases, the identification of such compounds involves the development of high-temperature GC–MS/FID techniques. On the other hand, for the identification and quantification of thermolabile lipids, LC–MS techniques are suitable for the separation and identification of major lipid classes. Generically, its composition includes terpenes, phytosterols, tocopherol, free fatty acids, fatty alcohols, wax esters, triglycerides, diglycerides and monoglycerides. These compounds are already known for their interesting application in various fields such as pharma and cosmetics due to their anti-hypercholesterolemic, anti-hyperglycemic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Estudo de Bambuí sobre saúde e envelhecimento: metodologia e resultados preliminares de coorte de estudo de idosos no Brasil

OBJECTIVE: A cohort study has been designed to identify predictors of adverse health events in the elderly. The methodology of the study and preliminary descriptive results are presented. METHODS: The study population comprises all residents of Bambuí (Minas Gerais, Brazil), aged 60 or more years (n=1.742). From these, 92.2% were interviewed and 85.9% underwent clinical examination, consisting of haematological and biochemical tests, serology for Trypanosoma cruzi, anthropometric and blood pressure measures and electrocardiogram. Aliquots of serum, plasma and DNA were stored for future investigations. The baseline interview included sociodemographic characteristics, self-referred health condition and history of selected diseases, medication use, health service use, source of medical care, physical activities, smoking, drinking and eating habits, reproductive history, physical functioning, life events, social support and mental health. Individuals are being followed up annually. RESULTS: The following characteristics predominated among participants: women (60,0%), married (48.9%) or widowed (35.4%), people living in households with up to 2 residents (73.8%), heads of family (76.7%), people with monthly income between 1.00 and 2.99 Brazilian minimum wages (62.0%) and people with up to 4 years of schooling (89.1%). The median age was 68 years. Among the cohort members, only 1.7% were lost in the first follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: In general, the characteristics of the study population were very similar to those from other epidemiological studies of the elderly based on large Brazilian cities. The small number of losses to follow-up indicates that the choice of Bambuí was adequate, assuring the feasibility of a long term cohort study.OBJETIVO: Um estudo de coorte está sendo desenvolvido para identificar fatores preditores de eventos adversos à saúde em idosos. São apresentados a metodologia do estudo e os resultados descritivos preliminares. MÉTODOS: A população estudada é constituída por todos os residentes na cidade de Bambuí, Minas Gerais, com 60 ou mais anos de idade (n=1.742). Destes, 92,2% foram entrevistados e 85,9% foram submetidos a exames hematológicos e bioquímicos, sorologia para Trypanosoma cruzi , medidas antropométricas e de pressão arterial e eletrocardiograma. Alíquotas de soro, plasma e DNA foram estocadas para futuras investigações. A entrevista da linha de base do estudo incluiu: características sociodemográficas, percepção da saúde e morbidade auto-referida, uso de medicamentos, acesso a serviços de saúde e a planos de saúde, atividades físicas, uso de fumo e de álcool, hábitos alimentares, história reprodutiva, função física, eventos da vida, recursos sociais e saúde mental. Os participantes estão sendo acompanhados anualmente. RESULTADOS: As seguintes características predominaram entre os participantes: mulheres (60%), casados (48,9%) ou viúvos (35,4%), residentes em domicílios com até 2 pessoas (73,8%), chefes de família (76,7%), pessoas com renda mensal entre 1 e 2,99 salários-mínimos (62%) e pessoas com 4 ou menos anos de escolaridade (89,1%). A mediana da idade foi igual a 68 anos. Somente 1,7% dos membros da coorte foram perdidos no primeiro acompanhamento. CONCLUSÕES: Em geral, as características da população estudada foram muito semelhantes às de participantes de outros estudos epidemiológicos sobre envelhecimento, desenvolvidos em grandes cidades brasileiras. A pequena perda para acompanhamento mostra que a escolha de Bambuí foi adequada, garantindo a viabilidade de um estudo prospectivo de longa duração

Suitability for commercial utilization of carnauba and sugarcane waxes through determination of possible alterations during an accelerated stability test

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Characterization of patchouli and vanillin industrial wastes as a strategy for their valorization

Patchouli is a cyclic terpene alcohol used as a fragrance ingredient (i.e. powerful sweet, herbaceous and spicy) [1] that has been demonstrated to exert low acute dermal toxicity [2-3]. The aromatic aldehyde Vanillin is a widely used flavoring agent and relevant antifoaming ingredient [4]. Fragrances/flavoring production from plants is accomplished by steam distillation, supercritical CO2 or microwave assisted extraction. Hence, recent investigation suggests using of genetically modified microorganism to ensure reliable and sustainable supply [5]. Thus, Vanillin can be isolated from Vanilla planifolia, from chemical synthesis or by fermentation procedures [6]. In the framework of a valorization strategy, this research work aims to characterized fermentation by-products of the production of Patchouli and Vanillin through liquid (HPLC-ELSD) and gas chromatography (GC-QqQ). The assayed materials derived from the production of Patchouli and Vanillin contained high-value molecules such as Patchouli alcohol, α-Guaiene, α-Bulnesene and Vanillin and Vanillic Acid, as well as vanillin glucosides. Future assessment of its bioactivity will provide better information on the application of these compounds to turn waste into resource.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio