Prevalencia de parasitismo intestinal en la poblacion infantil de 1ero. a 4to. año perteneciente a la escuela de Ramadilla, San Clemente.

34 p.Se efectuó un estudio descriptivo y analítico a 75 niños de 1° a 4° año perteneciente a la Escuela Ramadilla de la comuna de San Clemente. El muestreo se llevo a cabo a fines del año 2002. La muestras de heces fecales fueron procesadas por el método de PAFS, el análisis de las muestras mostró que el 37% de los niños en estudio estaban parasitados, con protozoarios y predominantemente con Blastocystis horinis (32%). En la mayor parte de las casuísticas resultaban inadecuados los hábitos higiénico sanitario los que atribuimos a una mala educación en cuanto a las medidas higiénicas a seguir

Evaluation of herringbone carbon nanotubes-modified electrodes for the simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid and uric acid

An array of gold interdigitated microelectrodes (Au-IDA) has been modified by casting herringbone carbon nanotubes (hCNTs) producing a new electrochemical sensor suitable for the simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid (AA) and uric acid (UA) in PBS (0.25 M, pH 7.0). The sensor showed good electrocatalytic properties for both analytes with low working potentials, linear ranges between 0 and 600 μM for AA, and between 0 and 420 μM for UA. The empirical limits of detection (LODs) and the limits of quantification (LOQs) for both analytes were 15 μM and 50 μM, respectively. Moreover, UA does not interfere in the measurement of AA and vice versa. Furthermore, the presence of common analytes in physiological fluids as glucose, dopamine and epinephrine do not interfere in the quantification neither AA nor UA.This work is supported by the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MAT2016-76595-R) and FEDER. A. Abellán also thanks the Generalitat Valenciana for her fellowship

Ecoturismo: moda pasajera o tendencia duradera. Comparativa del modelo ecoturístico Irlandés y Español

En este trabajo, se va a exponer la visión de los recursos y productos ecoturísticos comparando dos países, Irlanda y España. La importancia del desarrollo de un producto ecoturístico influye directamente en la visión global de un destino turístico. Ese desarrollo de producto promocionado adecuadamente de manera que invite a los visitantes a conocerlo es clave para que se cree una imagen sostenible y responsable. Todos y cada uno de los países de este mundo disponen de recursos que pueden explotar turísticamente pero la cuestión está en que la manera de sacarles partido. Y el Ecoturismo es una forma muy acertada para ello

A Transition Strategy from Fossil Fuels to Renewable Energy Sources in the Mexican Electricity System

Renewable energy sources exploitation acquires special importance for creating low-carbon energy systems. In Mexico a national regulation limits the fossil fuel-based electricity generation to 65%, 60% and 50% by years 2024, 2030 and 2050 respectively. This study evaluates several scenarios of renewables incorporation into the Mexican electricity system to attend those targets as well as a 75% renewables-based electricity share target towards a 100% renewable system. By its size, the Mexican electricity system, with a generation of 260.4 TWh/year (85% based on fossil fuels), can be regarded as an illustrating reference. The impact of increasing amounts of wind, photovoltaic solar, biomass, biogas, geothermal, hydro and concentrating solar power on the system’s capacity to attend demand on a one-hour timescale resolution is investigated utilizing the EnergyPLAN model and the minimum total mix capacity method. Possible excess of electricity production is also assessed. For every target year, a solution is obtained corresponding to the combination resulting in the minimum total generation capacity for the electricity system. A transition strategy to a system with a high share of renewables-based electricity is designed where every transition step corresponds to the optimal energy mix for each of the target years

The Effect of the Environmental Temperature on the Adaptation to Host in the Zoonotic Pathogen Vibrio vulnificus

Vibrio vulnificus is a zoonotic pathogen that lives in temperate, tropical and subtropical aquatic ecosystems whose geographical distribution is expanding due to global warming. The species is genetically variable and only the strains that belong to the zoonotic clonal-complex can cause vibriosis in both humans and fish (being its main host the eel). Interestingly, the severity of the vibriosis in the eel and the human depends largely on the water temperature (highly virulent at 28°C, avirulent at 20°C or below) and on the iron content in the blood, respectively. The objective of this work was to unravel the role of temperature in the adaptation to the host through a transcriptomic and phenotypic approach. To this end, we obtained the transcriptome of a zoonotic strain grown in a minimum medium (CM9) at 20, 25, 28, and 37°C, and confirmed the transcriptomic results by RT-qPCR and phenotypic tests. In addition, we compared the temperature stimulon with those previously obtained for iron and serum (from eel and human, respectively). Our results suggest that warm temperatures activate adaptive traits that would prepare the bacteria for host colonization (metabolism, motility, chemotaxis, and the protease activity) and fish septicemia (iron-uptake from transferrin and production of O -antigen of high molecular weight) in a generalized manner, while environmental iron controls the expression of a host-adapted virulent phenotype (toxins and the production of a protective envelope). Finally, our results confirm that beyond the effect of temperature on the V. vulnificus distribution in the environment, it also has an effect on the infectious capability of this pathogen that must be taken into account to predict the real risk of V. vulnificus infection caused by global warming

rfaRm: An R client-side interface to facilitate the analysis of the Rfam database of RNA families

rfaRm is an R package providing a client-side interface for the Rfam database of non-coding RNA and other structured RNA elements. The package facilitates the search of the Rfam database by keywords or sequences, as well as the retrieval of all available information about specific Rfam families, such as member sequences, multiple sequence alignments, secondary structures and covariance models. By providing such programmatic access to the Rfam database, rfaRm enables genomic workflows to incorporate information about non-coding RNA, whose potential cannot be fully exploited just through interactive access to the database. The features of rfaRm are demonstrated by using it to analyze the SARS-CoV-2 genome as an example case

Au-IDA microelectrodes modified with Au-doped graphene oxide for the simultaneous determination of uric acid and ascorbic acid in urine samples

An electrochemical sensor based on graphene oxide decorated with gold nanoparticles has been prepared for the simultaneous quantification of uric acid (UA) and ascorbic acid (AA) in urine samples. The gold interdigitated microelectrodes array (Au-IDA) has been modified using graphene oxide doped with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs-GO/Au-IDA), which was characterized by TEM, FE-SEM, XPS and cyclic voltammetry. Excellent results were obtained for the separate quantification of UA and AA by chronoamperometry. The electrochemical sensor exhibits limits of detection (LODs) of 1.4 μM and 0.62 μM for AA and UA, respectively, limits of quantification (LOQs) of 4.6 μM (AA) and 2.0 μM (UA), and the working ranges obtained were between 4.6 μM and 193 μM for AA and between 2 μM and 1.05 mM for UA. The repeatability was studied at 20 μM providing coefficients of variation of 16% for AA and 13% for UA. Moreover, UA does not interfere in the measurement of AA and viceversa (provided that the concentration of UA is equal to or higher than 450 μM in the latter case). For lower concentrations of UA, an easy and fast strategy to quantify both analytes is presented. The good electrocatalytic activity achieved with this material makes it useful for the quantification of AA and UA in biological fluids. Other analytes like glucose, dopamine and epinephrine have been investigated. The results allow us to conclude that they do not interfere in the quantification of AA and UA in PBS (0.25 M, pH 7.0). Human urine samples have been analyzed using the method proposed, contaning AA and UA concentration levels of (0.588 ± 0.002) mM and (1.43 ± 0.02) mM, respectively, which are in the concentration range of these analytes in urine samples for healthy people.This work is supported by the Generalitat Valenciana (Prometeo2013/038 and PROMETEOII/2014/010) and by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MAT201676595-R). A. Abellán-Llobregat also thanks the Generalitat Valenciana for her fellowship

PARASITIC INFESTATIONS AND INFECTIONS IN MARINE FISH (ACTINOPTERYGII: LUTJANIDAE AND MULLIDAE) MARKETED IN BRAZIL – AN ANIMAL AND HUMAN HEALTH ISSUE

The objective of this study was to identify the parasitic fauna, the impact of the parasite-host relationship and the potential risk of transmission of zoonotic parasites in fish marketed in the Metropolitan Region of Recife (Northeastern of Brazil). Ectoparasites and endoparasites were collected in Pseudupeneus maculatus (n=34), Lutjanus synagris (n=23), and Ocyurus chrysurus (n=20). Organs and/or tissues with and without parasites were processed by routine histological techniques. Overall, 43 (55.8%) specimens were parasitized by: Rocinela signata; Lernanthropus sp.; Lernaeolophus sultanus; Goussia sp.; Haliotrema sp.; Raphidascaris (Ichthyascaris) sp.; Cucullanus sp.; larvae of Pseudoterranova sp., Contracaecum sp., Anisakis sp., and Trypanorhyncha.Macroscopic and/or histological alterations were associated with Lernantrhopus sp. (gills) and Pseudoterranova sp. (liver) in O. chrysurus; R. signata (gills) in P. maculatus; and Lernaeolophus sultanus (maxilla) of L. synagris. Histological analysis was shown to be a tool that provides important knowledge about the impact of the parasites on the health of studied marine fish. New records of parasites are presented (Lernanthropus sp. in O. chrysurus, Goussia sp. in P. maculatus, L. sultanus in L. synagris) and parasites of importance in Public Health are registered (Anisakis sp., Pseudoterranova sp., Contracaecum sp., and Trypanorhyncha), emphasizing the need for measures to avoid the risk of transmission to consumer. The information contributes to the knowledgeabout the parasitic fauna of fish and its distribution along the coast of Brazil

Omentin: a biomarker of cardiovascular risk in individuals with axial spondyloarthritis

ABSTRACT: Cardiovascular (CV) disease is the main cause of mortality in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). CV risk is enhanced by dysregulation of adipokines. Low omentin levels were associated with metabolic dysfunction and CV disease in conditions different from axSpA. Accordingly, we evaluated the genetic and functional implication of omentin in CV risk and subclinical atherosclerosis in a cohort of 385 axSpA patients. Subclinical atherosclerosis was evaluated by carotid ultrasound. Omentin rs12409609, in linkage disequilibrium with a polymorphism associated with CV risk, was genotyped in 385 patients and 84 controls. Serum omentin levels were also determined. omentin mRNA expression was assessed in a subgroup of individuals. Serum and mRNA omentin levels were lower in axSpA compared to controls. Low serum omentin levels were related to male sex, obesity, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and high atherogenic index. rs12409609 minor allele was associated with low omentin mRNA expression in axSpA. No association was observed with subclinical atherosclerosis at the genetic or functional level. In conclusion, in our study low omentin serum levels were associated with CV risk factors in axSpA. Furthermore, rs12409609 minor allele may be downregulating the expression of omentin. These data support a role of omentin as a CV risk biomarker in axSpA.We wish to thank all the patients and controls that participated in this study. This work was supported by funds of a NEXT-VAL grant (NVAL17/10) (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria IDIVAL) awarded to FG. SR-M is supported by funds of the RETICS Program (RD16/0012/0009) from the ‘Instituto de Salud Carlos III´ (ISCIII), co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). VP-C is supported by a pre-doctoral grant from IDIVAL (PREVAL 18/01). VM is supported by funds of a Miguel Servet type I programme (grant CP16/00033) (ISCIII, co-funded by the European Social Fund (ESF)). LL-G is supported by funds of PI18/00042 (ISCIII, co-funded by ERDF). RL-M is a recipient of a Miguel Servet type I programme fellowship from the ISCIII, co-funded by the ESF (grant CP16/00033)

Potential relation of cardiovascular risk factors to disease activity in patients with axial spondyloarthritis

Background: Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) patients are known to have a higher prevalence of several comorbidities, including, among others, an increased risk of atherosclerosis, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether the sum of traditional cardiovascular (CV) risk factors is related to disease characteristics, such as disease activity, in patients with axSpA. Methods: A cross-sectional study that encompassed 804 patients with axSpA was conducted. Patients were assessed for the presence of five traditional CV risk factors (diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, hypertension, obesity, and smoking status), and disease activity measurements. A multivariable regression analysis was performed to evaluate whether the number of classic CV risk factors was independently associated with specific features of the disease, to include disease activity. Results: A multivariable analysis showed that Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score-C reactive protein (ASDAS-CRP) activity score was significantly higher in patients with 1 [beta coefficient 0.3 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.1-0.5), p = 0.001] and ?2 [beta coefficient 0.5 (95% CI 0.3-0.7), p = 0.000] CV risk factors compared with those without CV risk factors. Similarly, patients with 1 [OR 2.00 (95%CI 0.99-4.02), p = 0.053] and ?2 [OR 3.39 (95%CI 1.82-6.31), p = 0.000] CV risk factors had a higher odds ratio for the presence of high disease activity compared with the zero CV category. The Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) activity score was significantly associated with the number of CV risk factors, being higher in patients with more CV risk factors. These relationships showed a CV risk factor-dependent effect being beta coefficients and ORs higher for the effect of ?2 over 1 CV risk factor. Conclusion: Among patients with axSpA, as the number of traditional CV risk factors increased, disease activity similarly increases in an independent manner.Funding: The authors disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/ or publication of this article: This research was funded by a grant to MAG-G from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) (Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria grants PI06/0024, PI09/00748, PI12/00060, PI15/00525, PI18/00043) and the ISCIII RETICS programs (RD12/0009 and RD16/0012)