Comparative analysis of the Spiritist book Nosso Lar and two of its English versions

O presente estudo objetiva analisar quais foram os procedimentos tradutórios utilizados em duas versões para a língua inglesa da obra Nosso Lar, psicografada pelo médium Chico Xavier e ditada pelo espírito André Luiz. As versões receberam o nome de Nosso Lar – Life in the spirit world e Astral City. A pesquisa apoia-se em estudos sobre a doutrina e a literatura espírita, os procedimentos técnicos da tradução trazidos por Barbosa (2004), o conceito de paratexto de Bastianetto (2005) e os conceitos de Venuti (2002) sobre domesticação e estrangeirização do texto traduzido. Os resultados apontaram para o uso de procedimentos variados, e revelou uma tendência à estrangeirização por parte de uma das versões e à domesticação por parte de outra. A área acadêmica necessita de mais trabalhos na área da tradução da literatura espírita, justificando-se, portanto, a realização deste estudo.The present study aims to analyze which translation procedures were used in two English versions of the book Nosso Lar, psychographed by the medium Chico Xavier and dictated by the spirit Andre Luiz. These versions are titled Nosso Lar – Life in the spiritworld and Astral City. This research is based on studies about the Spiritist doctrine and literature, the technical translation procedures by Barbosa (2004), the paratext concept by Bastianetto  (2005) and the domestication and foreignization concepts by Venuti (2002).The results  revealed the use of various procedures and indicated opposite tendencies on each version regarding the use of the foreignization and domestication concepts. The academic context needs more studies in this specific area-translation of Spiritist literature, justifying, therefore, the accomplishment of this study

Preliminary assays towards melanoma cells using phototherapy with gold-based nanomaterials

UIDB/00645/2020 UID/DTP/04138/2019 PTDC/MED-QUI/31721/2017 SFRH/BD/148044/2019Cancer like melanoma is a complex disease, for which standard therapies have significant adverse side effects that in most cases are ineffective and highly unspecific. Thus, a new paradigm has come with the need of achieving alternative (less invasive) and effective therapies. In this work, biocompatible gold nanoparticles (GNPs) coated with hyaluronic acid and oleic acid were prepared and characterized in terms of size, morphology and cytotoxicity in the presence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and two cell lines, the keratinocytes (healthy skin cells, HaCat) and the melanoma cells (B16F10). Results showed that these GNPs absorb within the near-infrared region (750–1400 nm), in the optical therapeutic window (from 650 to 1300 nm), in contrast to other commercial gold nanoparticles, which enables light to penetrate into deep skin layers. A laser emitting in this region was applied and its effect also analyzed. The coated GNPs showed a spherical morphology with a mean size of 297 nm without cytotoxic effects towards yeast and tested cell lines. Nevertheless, after laser irradiation, a reduction of 20% in B16F10 cell line viability was observed. In summary, this work appears to be a promising strategy for the treatment of non-metastatic melanoma or other superficial tumors.publishersversionpublishe

Preliminary Assays towards Melanoma Cells Using Phototherapy with Gold-Based Nanomaterials

Supplementary Materials - The following are available online at https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/10/8/1536/s1, Video S1: Thermal activation of HAOA-coated GNPs.Cancer like melanoma is a complex disease, for which standard therapies have significant adverse side effects that in most cases are ineffective and highly unspecific. Thus, a new paradigm has come with the need of achieving alternative (less invasive) and effective therapies. In this work, biocompatible gold nanoparticles (GNPs) coated with hyaluronic acid and oleic acid were prepared and characterized in terms of size, morphology and cytotoxicity in the presence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and two cell lines, the keratinocytes (healthy skin cells, HaCat) and the melanoma cells (B16F10). Results showed that these GNPs absorb within the near-infrared region (750–1400 nm), in the optical therapeutic window (from 650 to 1300 nm), in contrast to other commercial gold nanoparticles, which enables light to penetrate into deep skin layers. A laser emitting in this region was applied and its effect also analyzed. The coated GNPs showed a spherical morphology with a mean size of 297 nm without cytotoxic effects towards yeast and tested cell lines. Nevertheless, after laser irradiation, a reduction of 20% in B16F10 cell line viability was observed. In summary, this work appears to be a promising strategy for the treatment of non-metastatic melanoma or other superficial tumors.This research was funded by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) through the projects: UIDB/00645/2020, UID/DTP/04138/2019, PTDC/MED-QUI/31721/2017 as well as by the PhD fellowship SFRH/BD/148044/2019 (J.L.).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

O método de interpretação da tcfc pode influenciar o diagnóstico endodôntico?

Aim: This study evaluated the influence of the method used for visualization and analysis of cone-beam com-puted tomography (CBCT) on the diagnosis of endodontic conditions. Materials and methods: Twenty clinical cases containing twelve different endodontic conditions were analyzed by two specialists in dental radiology and one specialist in endodontics. Initially, the evaluators viewed the cases in Portable Document Format (PDF) containing a selection of digital images and, by consensus, described their diagnostic hypotheses for each case. One week la-ter, the evaluators reassessed the cases, this time using multiplanar reconstructions with a Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) format image viewer. Once more, by consensus, they recorded their diagnostic hypotheses. Results: In 10% of the cases there was a discrepancy between the diagnoses made using preselected digital images in PDFs and by viewing multiplanar reconstructions. The visualization of the PDF images obtained a sensitivity of 0.714, specificity of 0.966, and 90% accuracy. Discussion: In the majority of these cases, endodontic conditions identified using the DICOM image viewer (multiplanar reconstruction) were not detected using the PDFs of preselected images. Conclusion: Although more studies are needed, the au-thors reiterate that using multiplanar reconstructions should always be preferred to other forms of analysis for CBCT, so that the maximum diagnostic potential of the imaging exam can be achieved.Objetivo: Este estudo avaliou a influência do método de visualização e análise do exame de tomografia computa-dorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC) no diagnóstico de afecções endodônticas. Materiais e métodos: Vinte casos clínicos contendo doze diferentes afecções endodônticas foram ana-lisados por dois especialistas em radiologia odontológica e um especialista em endodontia. Inicialmente, os avaliadores visualizaram os casos em Portable Document Format (PDF) contendo uma seleção de imagens digitais e, por consenso, descreveram suas hipóteses diagnósticas para cada caso. Após uma semana, os avaliadores reavaliaram os casos, desta vez utilizando reconstrução multiplanar em um visualizador de imagens no formato Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM). Novamente, por consenso, eles indicaram suas hipóteses diagnósticas. Resultados: Em 10% dos casos, houve discrepância entre os diagnósticos realizados utili-zando as seleções de imagens digitais em PDF e utilizando a reconstrução multiplanar. A visualização das imagens em PDF obteve sensibilidade de 0.714, especificidade de 0.966, e acurácia de 90%. Discussão: Na maioria destes casos, as afecções endodônticas identificadas utilizando o visuali-zador de imagens DICOM (reconstrução multiplanar) não foram detectadas quando visualizados os PDF de imagens pré-selecionadas. Conclusão: Embora mais estudos sejam necessários, os autores reiteram que a utilização de recons-truções multiplanares sempre são preferíveis comparadas à outras formas de análise da TCFC, para que se atinja o máximo potencial diagnóstico do exame de image

O método de interpretação da TCFC pode influenciar o diagnóstico endodôntico?

Aim: This study evaluated the influence of the method used for visualization and analysis of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) on the diagnosis of endodontic conditions. Materials and methods: Twenty clinical cases containing twelve different endodontic conditions were analyzed by two specialists in dental radiology and one specialist in endodontics. Initially, the evaluators viewed the cases in Portable Document Format (PDF) containing a selection of digital images and, by consensus, described their diagnostic hypotheses for each case. One week later, the evaluators reassessed the cases, this time using multiplanar reconstructions with a Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) format image viewer. Once more, by consensus, they recorded their diagnostic hypotheses. Results: In 10% of the cases there was a discrepancy between the diagnoses made using preselected digital images in PDFs and by viewing multiplanar reconstructions. The visualization of the PDF images obtained a sensitivity of 0.714, specificity of 0.966, and 90% accuracy. Discussion: In the majority of these cases, endodontic conditions identified using the DICOM image viewer (multiplanar reconstruction) were not detected using the PDFs of preselected images. Conclusion: Although more studies are needed, the authors reiterate that using multiplanar reconstructions should always be preferred to other forms of analysis for CBCT, so that the maximum diagnostic potential of the imaging exam can be achieved.Objetivo: Este estudo avaliou a influência do método de visualização e análise do exame de tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC) no diagnóstico de afecções endodônticas. Materiais e métodos: Vinte casos clínicos contendo doze diferentes afecções endodônticas foram analisados por dois especialistas em radiologia odontológica e um especialista em endodontia. Inicialmente, os avaliadores visualizaram os casos em Portable Document Format (PDF) contendo uma seleção de imagens digitais e, por consenso, descreveram suas hipóteses diagnósticas para cada caso. Após uma semana, os avaliadores reavaliaram os casos, desta vez utilizando reconstrução multiplanar em um visualizador de imagens no formato Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM). Novamente, por consenso, eles indicaram suas hipóteses diagnósticas. Resultados: Em 10% dos casos, houve discrepância entre os diagnósticos realizados utilizando as seleções de imagens digitais em PDF e utilizando a reconstrução multiplanar. A visualização das imagens em PDF obteve sensibilidade de 0.714, especificidade de 0.966, e acurácia de 90%. Discussão: Na maioria destes casos, as afecções endodônticas identificadas utilizando o visualizador de imagens DICOM (reconstrução multiplanar) não foram detectadas quando visualizados os PDF de imagens pré-selecionadas. Conclusão: Embora mais estudos sejam necessários, os autores reiteram que a utilização de reconstruções multiplanares sempre são preferíveis comparadas à outras formas de análise da TCFC, para que se atinja o máximo potencial diagnóstico do exame de imagem

Can CBCT change the level of confidence of oral maxillofacial surgeons in mandibular third molar management?

This study analyzed the impact of CBCT on the level of confidence in diagnostic and treatment thinking in mandibular lower molar (M3M) clinical management. Thirty cases for which panoramic radiographs and CBTC images were available were selected and classified according to radiologic signs indicating the proximity of the M3M to the mandibular canal (interruption of the radiopaque borders of the canal of the mandibular canal wall, darkening of the roots, and diversion or narrowing of the canal, n = 10 for each classification). Twelve oral and maxillofacial surgeons (OMS) contributed to this study by answering two questionnaires. The first questionnaire contained a clinical description of the case and a panoramic radiograph. After 30 days, a second questionnaire with the same clinical illustrations and tomographic multiplanar reconstruction images was administered. Both questionnaires asked specialists to rate diagnostic confidence, the surgical complexity, chosen treatment, and surgical confidence. In approximately 40% of answers, CBCT images had a positive impact on ratings of diagnostic confidence and treatment thinking confidence, and in 24.4%, they increased the surgical complexity score. There was no change in the treatment plan following the use of CBCT, but the CBCT examination was a determining factor for diagnosis and treatment planning in 72.8% of the answers CBCT improved the confidence level in diagnostic and treatment thinking of the M3M management while also increasing the perceived level of surgical complexity. The findings of this study support the need to consider using CBCT in diagnosis and treatment planning for M3Ms with radiographic signs such as darkening of the roots, interruption of the radiopaque borders of the mandibular canal, or deviation of the mandibular canal and narrowing of the roots

Effects of adding load to the gait of children with cerebral palsy: a three-case report

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar los efectos inmediatos del entrenamiento locomotor en la estera con diferentes cargas, sobre los parámetros cinemáticos de la marcha de niños con parálisis cerebral hemipléjica espástica (PCHE), e investigar cómo la carga promueve respuestas motoras más adecuadas para favorecer la propulsión del Miembro Inferior Parético (MIP). Participaron de este caso, 3 niños de ambos sexos, con edades de 8-12 años. Los niños realizaron entrenamiento en la estera rodante con carga en los tobillos equivalente a 40, 50 y 60% del peso de la miembro (MI), en 3 días distintos y no consecutivos. Los parámetros cinemáticos fueron evaluados en las fases de pre entrenamiento (FPT), e inmediatamente después del entrenamiento (FI). Las variables espacio-temporales no cambiaron inmediatamente después del ejercicio de marcha con carga. Sin embargo, fue observado aumento de los ángulos articulares de la cadera y la rodilla durante la fase de balanceo inmediatamente después del entrenamiento, especialmente con carga de 60% del peso de la extremidad inferior. Estos resultados indican que la carga de 60% es la más apropiada para solicitar cambios inmediatos en la cinemática articular del MIP. Tales cambios pueden ser importantes para fomentar la propulsión durante la fase de balanceo de la marcha de niños con PCHE.O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os efeitos imediatos do treino locomotor na esteira com diferentes cargas, sobre os parâmetros cinemáticos da marcha de crianças com Paralisia Cerebral Hemiparética Espástica (PCHE), e investigar qual carga promove repostas motoras mais adequadas para favorecer a propulsão do Membro Inferior Parético (MIP). Participaram deste relato de caso 3 crianças de ambos os sexos, com idades de 8-12 anos. As crianças realizaram treino na esteira com carga nos tornozelos equivalentes a 40, 50 e 60% do peso do Membro Inferior (MI), em 3 dias diferentes e não consecutivos. Os parâmetros cinemáticos foram avaliados nas fases pré-treinamento (FPT) e imediatamente após o treino (FI). As variáveis espaço-temporais não sofreram alterações imediatamente após o treino de marcha com carga. Por outro lado, foi observado aumento dos ângulos articulares de quadril e joelho durante a fase de balanço imediatamente após o treino, principalmente com carga de 60% do peso do membro inferior. Estes achados indicam que a carga de 60% seja a mais apropriada para solicitar alterações imediatas na cinemática articular do MIP. Tais alterações podem ser importantes para favorecer a propulsão durante a fase de balanço da marcha de crianças com PCHE.Our purpose in this study was to analyze the immediate effects of locomotor gait training with different loads on a treadmill on the kinematic parameters of gait in children with Spastic Hemiparetic Cerebral Palsy (SHCP), as well as investigating which load prompted the most adequate motor responses to promote the propulsion of the Paretic Lower Limb (PLL). This case report included 3 children of both sexes, aged 8-12 years. The children walked on the treadmill with loads on their ankles that corresponded to 40, 50 and 60% of the weight of the Lower Limb (LL), on 3 different non-consecutive days. The kinematic parameters were assessed during the pre-training phase (PTPH) and immediately after training (PHI). The spatiotemporal variables did not change immediately after gait training with the aforementioned loads. On the other hand, we observed wider joint angles in the hip and knee during the swing phase immediately after training, especially with a load of 60% of the weight of the lower limb. These findings indicate that the 60% load is the most appropriate to prompt immediate changes in the joint kinematics of the PLL. These alterations can be important in improving propulsion during the swing phase of gait in children with SHCP

Further evidence of possible therapeutic uses of Sambucus nigra L. extracts by the assessment of the In Vitro and In Vivo anti-inflammatory properties of Its PLGA and PCL-Based Nanoformulations

Sambucus nigra L. is widely used in traditional medicine with different applications. However, confirmative studies are strongly required. This study aimed to assess the biological activities of the S. nigra flower’s extract encapsulated into two different types of nanoparticles for optimizing its properties and producing further evidence of its potential therapeutic uses. Different nanoparticles (poly(lactide-co-glycolide, PLGA) and poly-Ɛ-caprolactone (PCL), both with oleic acid, were prepared by emulsification/solvent diffusion and solvent-displacement methods, respectively. Oleic acid was used as a capping agent. After the nanoparticles’ preparation, they were characterized and the biological activities were studied in terms of collagenase, in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory, and in vitro cell viability. Rutin and naringenin were found to be the major phenolic compounds in the studied extract. The encapsulation efficiency was higher than 76% and revealed to have an impact on the release of the extract, mainly for the PLGA. Moreover, biochemical and histopathological analyses confirmed that the extract-loaded PLGA-based nanoparticles displayed the highest anti-inflammatory activity. In addition to supporting the previously reported evidence of potential therapeutic uses of S. nigra, these results could draw the pharmaceutical industry’s interest to the novelty of the nanoproducts.Authors also gratefully acknowledge the Régiefrutas and Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) (UIDB/04138/2020, UIDB/00100/2020, UIDP/50017/2020+UIDB/50017/2020) and Portugal 2020 to the Portuguese Mass Spectrometry Network (LISBOA-01-0145-FEDER-402-022125) for financial support. Furthermore, the authors are also grateful to the work supported by the FCT and the Portuguese National and Regional Budget, through CCMAR/Multi/04326/2019 project. Finally, Luísa Custódio was supported by the FCT Scientific Employment Stimulus (CEECIND/00425/2017).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio