Organocatalytically Generated Donor − Acceptor Cyclopropanes in Domino Reactions. One-Step Enantioselective Synthesis of Pyrrolo[1,2 ‑ a ]quinolines

An easy and straightforward procedure has been developed for the synthesis of highly enantioenriched pyrrolo-[1,2-a]quinolines through a one-pot process that comprises a domino cyclopropane ring opening/aza-Michael/aldol reaction followed by acid-promoted lactamization. The key feature of the synthetic approach relies on the ability of conveniently functionalized cyclopropaneacetaldehydes to undergo organocatalytic activation by a chiral secondary amine that enables the catalytic generation of a donor acceptor cyclopropane. This intermediate has the potential to undergo a ring opening that generates an electrophilic alpha,beta-unsaturated iminium ion that subsequently reacts through the already mentioned domino sequence and in which stereochemical information is very efficiently transferred from the amine catalyst to the final products. Moreover, one of the alkoxycarbonyl moieties can be easily removed by standard hydrolysis/decarboxylation, providing access to the target adducts as single stereoisomers.This research was supported by the Spanish MINECO (FEDER-CTQ2014-52107-P), the Basque Government (Grupos IT328-10), and UPV/EHU (fellowship to E.S. and UFI QOSYC 11/22). Membership in the COST action CM1407 (NatChemDrugs) is also acknowledged

Generation, establishment and characterization of a pluripotent stem cell line (CVTTHi001-A) from primary fibroblasts isolated from a patient with activated PI3 kinase delta syndrome (APDS2)

APDS2 is caused by mutations in PIK3R1 gene resulting in constitutive PI3Kδ activation. PI3Kδ is predominantly expressed in leukocytes and plays critical roles in regulating immune responses. Here we first derived fibroblast primary cells from a skin biopsy of a patient carrying a heterozygous single T deletion in intron 11 of the PIK3R1 gene. We next present the derivation of an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS) line using a non-integrative reprogramming technology. Pluripotent-related hallmarks are further shown, including: iPSCs self-renewal and expression of pluripotent and differentiation markers after in vitro differentiation towards embryonic germ layers, assessed by RT-PCR and immunofluorescence

Depression and risk factors for depression among mothers of sick infants in Kumasi, Ghana

ObjectiveTo describe the prevalence of and risk factors for depression in a high‐risk population of mothers of ill newborns in Ghana.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with women who had a hospitalized newborn at a tertiary teaching hospital in Kumasi, Ghana. Surveys included information on maternal demographics, pregnancy and delivery, interpersonal violence, and social support. Postpartum depression was measured with the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)‐9. Bivariable analysis was conducted using analysis of variance, χ2, and Fisher exact tests; multivariable analysis was performed using multinomial logistic regression.ResultsIn total, 153 women completed the survey. Fifty (32.7%) had PHQ‐9 scores of 5–9, indicating mild depression; 42 (27.4%) had PHQ‐9 scores of 10–14, indicating moderate depression; and 15 (9.8%) had scores of 15 or higher, indicative of moderate/severe depression. History of interpersonal violence with current partner predicted depression.ConclusionMothers of sick infants in Ghana are at high risk for symptoms of clinical depression. This is of critical importance because maternal depression affects infant health outcomes and may be particularly important for mothers of sick infants.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/135602/1/ijgo228.pd

International forum. an investigation of iron status in blood donors

No abstract availabl

Identifying SARS-CoV-2 'memory' NK cells from COVID-19 convalescent donors for adoptive cell therapy

COVID-19 disease is the manifestation of syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, which is causing a worldwide pandemic. This disease can lead to multiple and different symptoms, being lymphopenia associated with severity one of the most persistent. Natural killer cells (NK cells) are part of the innate immune system, being fighting against virus-infected cells one of their key roles. In this study, we determined the phenotype of NK cells after COVID-19 and the main characteristic of SARS-CoV-2-specific-like NK population in the blood of convalescent donors. CD57+ NKG2C+ phenotype in SARS-CoV-2 convalescent donors indicates the presence of 'memory'/activated NK cells as it has been shown for cytomegalovirus infections. Although the existence of this population is donor dependent, its expression may be crucial for the specific response against SARS-CoV-2, so that, it gives us a tool for selecting the best donors to produce off-the-shelf living drug for cell therapy to treat COVID-19 patients under the RELEASE clinical trial (NCT04578210)

Knowledge, attitudes and practice survey about antimicrobial resistance and prescribing among physicians in a hospital setting in Lima, Peru

BACKGROUND: Misuse of antimicrobials (AMs) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are global concerns. The present study evaluated knowledge, attitudes and practices about AMR and AM prescribing among medical doctors in two large public hospitals in Lima, Peru, a middle-income country. METHODS: Cross-sectional study using a self-administered questionnaire RESULTS: A total of 256 participants completed the questionnaire (response rate 82%). Theoretical knowledge was good (mean score of 6 +/- 1.3 on 7 questions) in contrast to poor awareness (< 33%) of local AMR rates of key-pathogens. Participants strongly agreed that AMR is a problem worldwide (70%) and in Peru (65%), but less in their own practice (22%). AM overuse was perceived both for the community (96%) and the hospital settings (90%). Patients' pressure to prescribing AMs was considered as contributing to AM overuse in the community (72%) more than in the hospital setting (50%). Confidence among AM prescribing was higher among attending physicians (82%) compared to residents (30%, p < 0.001%). Sources of information considered as very useful/useful included pocket-based AM prescribing guidelines (69%) and internet sources (62%). Fifty seven percent of participants regarded AMs in their hospitals to be of poor quality. Participants requested more AM prescribing educational programs (96%) and local AM guidelines (92%). CONCLUSIONS: This survey revealed topics to address during future AM prescribing interventions such as dissemination of information about local AMR rates, promoting confidence in the quality of locally available AMs, redaction and dissemination of local AM guidelines and addressing the general public, and exploring the possibilities of internet-based training