Marina, Agueda and Catalina: Women property administrators in colonial Chile, sixteenth to eighteenth centuries: A case study

Women have played a fundamental role in the administration of assets in central Chile, breaking the myth that women's activities only focus on procreation, raising children and being good housewives.  The objective of this research is to show and analyze the cases of women property administrators in central Chile between the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries. This research is a documentary analysis that presents the case of three emblematic women who lived in this historical period: Marina Ortiz de Gaete, Águeda Flores and Catalina de los Ríos.  A review of the documents that are in the National Archive of  Santiago was carried out. The documentary analysis and studies on the subject show that they defended the rights of women, overcoming the obstacles of the time such as discrimination, lack of formal education, among others. They face great challenges, including taking over the administration of their estates' assets, either because their husbands are absent for business or widowed.  They prove to be good administrators, constituting a contribution to the economic development of the country

Gender differences in perceived barriers and benefitsof whole-body electromyostimulation users: a pilot study

The importance of physical activity (PA) in people’s health is well known. Today, sedentary lifestyles constitute a serious risk to global health. The likelihood that an individual will engage in PA depends largely on the perceived benefits and barriers to being physically active. The industry continues to create mechanisms to improve PA practice by minimizing the barriers. Thus, whole-body electrostimulation training (WB-EMS) emerged. Objective: To identify the main barriers and perceived benefits for WB-EMS users and to determine if there are differences between genders. Design: Cross-sectional study with 270 WB-EMS users from five countries. Results: There were no significant differences in barriers and perceived benefits between genders. Perceived benefits: enjoyment (70.3%), increased physical fitness (55.1%), personal accomplishment (53%), improve overall body (51.9%) and increase muscle strength (51.9%); Barriers: Take too much time from family (73.7%), take too much time from responsibilities (71.5%) and physical exercise (PE) takes a lot of time (67.4%). Conclusions: There were no significant differences between genders. The most prominent perceived benefits of using WB-EMS are enjoyment and increased physical health, and the main barriers are related to lack of timeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Prácticas pedagógicas para desarrollar la responsabilidad social en alumnos de enfermería en Universidad Autónoma de Chile

La responsabilidad social es una de las competencias que toma fuerza desde fines del siglo XX, por considerarse que es un compromiso de todos para el bienestar de otros y del planeta. La carrera de enfermería la explicita dentro de las competencias profesionales del futuro enfermero/a, por ello, el objetivo de este estudio es conocer las prácticas pedagógicas que fomentan la responsabilidad social en alumnos de Enfermería de la Universidad Autónoma de Chile. La investigación es cualitativa, descriptiva, no experimental. La población está compuesta por 17 profesionales que ejercen docencia en la carrera, seleccionando de forma intencional una muestra de siete enfermeras, a las cuales se aplicó una entrevista semiestructurada. Los resultados arrojaron que las prácticas pedagógicas para fomentar la responsabilidad social son el estudio de casos clínicos, talleres, debates, juego de roles, salidas a terreno y prácticas clínicas. Se concluye que las más significativas son el juego de roles y trabajar con casos clínicos, porque obliga a los estudiantes a cuestionarse, a dar soluciones y aplicar teoría. El enfrentarse a diferentes situaciones que simulan la realidad les permite prepararse para tomar decisiones y actuar con responsabilidad frente a diferentes problemáticas con las que se encontrarán en el mundo laboral

Pedagogical practices to develop social responsibility in nursing students at the Autonomous University of Chile

La responsabilidad social es una de las competencias que toma fuerza desde fines del siglo XX, por considerarse que es un compromiso de todos para el bienestar de otros y del planeta. La carrera de enfermería la explicita dentro de las competencias profesionales del futuro enfermero/a, por ello, el objetivo de este estudio es conocer las prácticas pedagógicas que fomentan la responsabilidad social en alumnos de Enfermería de la Universidad Autónoma de Chile. La investigación es cualitativa, descriptiva, no experimental. La población está compuesta por 17 profesionales que ejercen docencia en la carrera, seleccionando de forma intencional una muestra de siete enfermeras, a las cuales se aplicó una entrevista semiestructurada. Los resultados arrojaron que las prácticas pedagógicas para fomentar la responsabilidad social son el estudio de casos clínicos, talleres, debates, juego de roles, salidas a terreno y prácticas clínicas. Se concluye que las más significativas son el juego de roles y trabajar con casos clínicos, porque obliga a los estudiantes a cuestionarse, a dar soluciones y aplicar teoría. El enfrentarse a diferentes situaciones que simulan la realidad les permite prepararse para tomar decisiones y actuar con responsabilidad frente a diferentes problemáticas con las que se encontrarán en el mundo laboral.Social responsibility is one of the competencies that has been gaining strength since the end of the 20th century, as it is considered a commitment of all for the welfare of others and of the planet. The nursing career is made explicit within the professional competences of the future nurse, therefore, the objective of this study is to know the pedagogical practices that promote social responsibility in nursing students at the Autonomous University of Chile. The research is qualitative, descriptive, non-experimental. The population is composed of 17 professionals who teach in the career, intentionally selecting a sample of seven nurses, to whom a semi-structured interview was applied. The results showed that the pedagogical practices to promote social responsibility are clinical case studies, workshops, debates, role-playing, field trips and clinical practice. It is concluded that the most significant are role-playing and working with clinical cases, because it forces students to question themselves, provide solutions and apply theory. Facing different situations that simulate reality allows them to prepare themselves to make decisions and act responsibly in the face of different problems that they will encounter in the world of work

Estrategia de Desarrollo Turístico de Torrevieja: Resumen Ejecutivo

La Estrategia de Desarrollo Turístico de Torrevieja tiene el propósito de ser la clave para la renovación turística de este destino maduro bajo un marco transversal y participativo. De este modo, este proyecto no realiza una diagnosis exclusivamente turística, sino que analiza diferentes ámbitos temáticos relacionados directa o indirectamente con el turismo. Esta decisión se fundamenta en el hecho de que las implicaciones del fenómeno turístico en cualquier destino deben estar alineadas con el modelo urbano, el modelo de movilidad y, sobre todo, con el modelo de ciudad. Torrevieja es un destino de la Comunitat Valenciana que se encuentra en el litoral de la comarca de la Vega Baja del Segura. En sus orígenes, fue un pueblo ligado a la producción salinera, la pesca y la navegación; sin embargo, a partir de los años 60, se inicia la gran transformación del municipio debido al fenómeno turístico y a la actividad de la construcción. El modelo de crecimiento turístico se basó en la vertiente residencial, es decir, en la construcción de nuevos asentamientos ubicados en la franja litoral o, en el núcleo urbano preexistente, para alojamiento estacional como segunda residencia. Así pues, el municipio se ha especializado en el sector servicios, especialmente en actividades asociadas al fenómeno turístico, convirtiéndose en un destino turístico dominado por las segundas residencias cuyo principal reclamo es “el sol y playa” -desatendiendo otros recursos naturales y culturales con gran potencial-, con un sistema urbano fragmentado y extensivo que contribuye a una imagen turística frágil. Ante este panorama, surge el proyecto EnClaveTurística Torrevieja, cuyo objetivo principal es dotar a este municipio, por primera vez, de una hoja de ruta basada en la planificación y gestión turística avanzada, que permita implementar una serie de actuaciones orientadas a las necesidades de la actual ciudad turística y de su rango como centro de servicios al sur de la Comunidad Valenciana

Spatially resolved proteomic profiling identifies tumor cell CD44 as a biomarker associated with sensitivity to PD-1 axis blockade in advanced non-small- cell lung cancer

Most patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) fail to derive significant benefit from programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) axis blockade, and new biomarkers of response are needed. In this study, we aimed to discover and validate spatially resolved protein markers associated with sensitivity to PD-1 axis inhibition in NSCLC

Relationship between olive oil consumption and ankle-brachial pressure index in a population at high cardiovascular risk

The aim of this study was to ascertain the association between the consumption of different categories of edible olive oils (virgin olive oils and olive oil) and olive pomace oil and ankle-brachial pressure index (ABI) in participants in the PREDIMED-Plus study, a trial of lifestyle modification for weight and cardiovascular event reduction in individuals with overweight/obesity harboring the metabolic syndrome. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of the PREDIMED-Plus trial. Consumption of any category of olive oil and olive pomace oil was assessed through a validated food-frequency questionnaire. Multivariable linear regression models were fitted to assess associations between olive oil consumption and ABI. Additionally, ABI ≤1 was considered as the outcome in logistic models with different categories of olive oil and olive pomace oil as exposure. Results: Among 4330 participants, the highest quintile of total olive oil consumption (sum of all categories of olive oil and olive pomace oil) was associated with higher mean values of ABI (beta coefficient: 0.014, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.002, 0.027) (p for trend = 0.010). Logistic models comparing the consumption of different categories of olive oils, olive pomace oil and ABI ≤1 values revealed an inverse association between virgin olive oils consumption and the likelihood of a low ABI (odds ratio [OR] 0.73, 95% CI [0.56, 0.97]), while consumption of olive pomace oil was positively associated with a low ABI (OR 1.22 95% CI [1.00, 1.48]). Conclusions: In a Mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk, total olive oil consumption was associated with a higher mean ABI. These results suggest that olive oil consumption may be beneficial for peripheral artery disease prevention, but longitudinal studies are needed

Common and rare variant association analyses in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis identify 15 risk loci with distinct genetic architectures and neuron-specific biology

A cross-ancestry genome-wide association meta-analysis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) including 29,612 patients with ALS and 122,656 controls identifies 15 risk loci with distinct genetic architectures and neuron-specific biology. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease with a lifetime risk of one in 350 people and an unmet need for disease-modifying therapies. We conducted a cross-ancestry genome-wide association study (GWAS) including 29,612 patients with ALS and 122,656 controls, which identified 15 risk loci. When combined with 8,953 individuals with whole-genome sequencing (6,538 patients, 2,415 controls) and a large cortex-derived expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) dataset (MetaBrain), analyses revealed locus-specific genetic architectures in which we prioritized genes either through rare variants, short tandem repeats or regulatory effects. ALS-associated risk loci were shared with multiple traits within the neurodegenerative spectrum but with distinct enrichment patterns across brain regions and cell types. Of the environmental and lifestyle risk factors obtained from the literature, Mendelian randomization analyses indicated a causal role for high cholesterol levels. The combination of all ALS-associated signals reveals a role for perturbations in vesicle-mediated transport and autophagy and provides evidence for cell-autonomous disease initiation in glutamatergic neurons

The psychological science accelerator’s COVID-19 rapid-response dataset

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Psychological Science Accelerator coordinated three large-scale psychological studies to examine the effects of loss-gain framing, cognitive reappraisals, and autonomy framing manipulations on behavioral intentions and affective measures. The data collected (April to October 2020) included specific measures for each experimental study, a general questionnaire examining health prevention behaviors and COVID-19 experience, geographical and cultural context characterization, and demographic information for each participant. Each participant started the study with the same general questions and then was randomized to complete either one longer experiment or two shorter experiments. Data were provided by 73,223 participants with varying completion rates. Participants completed the survey from 111 geopolitical regions in 44 unique languages/dialects. The anonymized dataset described here is provided in both raw and processed formats to facilitate re-use and further analyses. The dataset offers secondary analytic opportunities to explore coping, framing, and self-determination across a diverse, global sample obtained at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, which can be merged with other time-sampled or geographic data