Escrevendo do Uruguai para o mundo: Agrociencia Uruguai vinte e cinco anos

The article represents an approach to the trajectory of Agrociencia Uruguay, on the 25th anniversary of the publication of its first issue. A descriptive analysis on the journal’s evolution will be presented, based on an examination of the articles published, as well as five interviews with chief editors who have been associated with the publication since its creation.El artículo representa un acercamiento a la trayectoria de la revista Agrociencia Uruguay al cumplirse 25 años de la publicación de su primer número. Se intentará presentar un análisis descriptivo de la evolución de la revista a partir del examen de los artículos publicados y de cinco entrevistas a editores jefes que se vincularon con la publicación desde su fundación.O artigo representa uma aproximação à trajetória da revista Agrociencia Uruguay, no 25º aniversário da publicação de seu primeiro número. Tentar-se-á apresentar uma análise descritiva da evolução da revista a partir do exame dos artigos publicados e de cinco entrevistas com os editores-chefes associados à publicação desde a sua fundação

Historias de vida: estudio de dos casos

Treball final de Grau en Psicologia. Codi: PS1048. Curs acadèmic 2015-2016Este trabajo estudia a través de una entrevista semiestructurada, historias de vida de dos mujeres de 81 y 84 años. El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar algunas de las características del desarrollo psicológico en la edad adulta, de acuerdo con el marco teórico de Erickson, Havighurst y Baltes, de la psicología del ciclo de vida, y al mismo tiempo, el estudio de las similitudes y diferencias que puedan existir entre los participantes. El marco metodológico es el enfoque cualitativo, que nos permite analizar la vida de los sujetos más detalladamente y obtener más información acerca de sus historias de vida, y por tanto, poder trabajar con las etapas de la edad adulta según estos autores. Los resultados muestran que ambos sujetos se colocan en ambos polos (generatividad-integridad) de las etapas de Erikson dependiendo de las circunstancias vividas. Ambas han hecho un balance positivo de la trayectoria de su vida, por lo que podemos decir que ambas contemplan la vida como un todo significativo.This research work studies life stories of two women of 81 and 84 years through semistructured interviews. The aim of this work is to study some of the characteristics of psychological development in adulthood, according to the theoretical framework of Erickson, Havighurst and Baltes, psychology life cycle, and at the same time, the study of the similarities and differences that may exist between participants. The methodological framework is the qualitative approach, which allows us to analyze the life of the subject in more detail and more information about their life stories, and therefore it is able to work with the stages of adulthood according to these authors. The results show that both subjects are placed at both poles (generosity-integrity) of Erikson stages, depending on the circumstances experienced. Both have made a positive assessment of the trajectory of his life, so we can say that both contemplate life as a meaningful whole. Palabras clave: Psychologica

Simultaneous fruit detection and size estimation using multitask deep neural networks

The measurement of fruit size is of great interest to estimate the yield and predict the harvest resources in advance. This work proposes a novel technique for in-field apple detection and measurement based on Deep Neural Networks. The proposed framework was trained with RGB-D data and consists of an end-to-end multitask Deep Neural Network architecture specifically designed to perform the following tasks: 1) detection and segmentation of each fruit from its surroundings; 2) estimation of the diameter of each detected fruit. The methodology was tested with a total of 15,335 annotated apples at different growth stages, with diameters varying from 27 mm to 95 mm. Fruit detection results reported an F1-score for apple detection of 0.88 and a mean absolute error of diameter estimation of 5.64 mm. These are state-of-the-art results with the additional advantages of: a) using an end-to-end multitask trainable network; b) an efficient and fast inference speed; and c) being based on RGB-D data which can be acquired with affordable depth cameras. On the contrary, the main disadvantage is the need of annotating a large amount of data with fruit masks and diameter ground truth to train the model. Finally, a fruit visibility analysis showed an improvement in the prediction when limiting the measurement to apples above 65% of visibility (mean absolute error of 5.09 mm). This suggests that future works should develop a method for automatically identifying the most visible apples and discard the prediction of highly occluded fruits.This work was partly funded by the Departament de Recerca i Universitats de la Generalitat de Catalunya (grant 2021 LLAV 00088), the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (grants RTI2018-094222-B-I00[PAgFRUIT project], PID2021-126648OB-I00 [PAgPROTECT project] and PID2020-117142 GB-I00 [DeeLight project] by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by “ERDF, a way of making Europe”, by the European Union). The work of Jordi Gené Mola was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Universities through a Margarita Salas postdoctoral grant funded by the European Union - NextGenerationEU.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Direct and Rapid Detection and Quantification of Oenococcus oeni Cells in Wine by Cells-LAMP and Cells-qLAMP

Fast detection and enumeration of Oenococcus oeni in winemaking are necessary to determine whether malolactic fermentation (MLF) is likely to be performed or not and to decide if the use of a commercial starter is needed. In other wines, however, performing MLF can be detrimental for wine and should be avoided. The traditional identification and quantification of this bacteria using culture-dependent techniques in wine-related matrices require up to 14 days to yield results, which can be a very long time to perform possible enological operations. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is a novel culture-independent technique that amplifies nucleic acid sequences under isothermal conditions with high specificity and efficiency in less than 1 h with inexpensive equipment. We designed LAMP primers for the specific detection and quantification of O. oeni cells. The developed LAMP method allows O. oeni to be detected directly from both grape musts and wines within 1 h from the time that the LAMP reaction begins, and without DNA extraction and purification requirements. The high sensitivity of LAMP methodology is achieved by previous mechanical cells lysis with no further purification by detecting one single cell per reaction in culture media, and in white/red grape musts and wines by avoiding reaction inhibition by ethanol, polyphenols, and other wine inhibitors. Cells can be concentrated prior to the LAMP reaction to further increase this sensitivity. Moreover, the LAMP method does not require expensive equipment and can be easily operated. The developed method is both economic and fast and offers high sensitivity and specificity

Simultaneous fruit detection and size estimation using multitask deep neural networks

The measurement of fruit size is of great interest to estimate the yield and predict the harvest resources in advance. This work proposes a novel technique for in-field apple detection and measurement based on Deep Neural Networks. The proposed framework was trained with RGB-D data and consists of an end-to-end multitask Deep Neural Network architecture specifically designed to perform the following tasks: 1) detection and segmentation of each fruit from its surroundings; 2) estimation of the diameter of each detected fruit. The methodology was tested with a total of 15,335 annotated apples at different growth stages, with diameters varying from 27 mm to 95 mm. Fruit detection results reported an F1-score for apple detection of 0.88 and a mean absolute error of diameter estimation of 5.64 mm. These are state-of-the-art results with the additional advantages of: a) using an end-to-end multitask trainable network; b) an efficient and fast inference speed; and c) being based on RGB-D data which can be acquired with affordable depth cameras. On the contrary, the main disadvantage is the need of annotating a large amount of data with fruit masks and diameter ground truth to train the model. Finally, a fruit visibility analysis showed an improvement in the prediction when limiting the measurement to apples above 65% of visibility (mean absolute error of 5.09 mm). This suggests that future works should develop a method for automatically identifying the most visible apples and discard the prediction of highly occluded fruits.This work was partly funded by the Departament de Recerca i Universitats de la Generalitat de Catalunya (grant 2021 LLAV 00088), the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (grants RTI2018-094222-B-I00[PAgFRUIT project], PID2021-126648OB-I00 [PAgPROTECT project] and PID2020-117142GB-I00 [DeeLight project] by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by “ERDF, a way of making Europe”, by the European Union). The work of Jordi Gene Mola was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Universities through a Margarita Salas postdoctoral grant funded by the European Union-NextGenerationEU.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Electrodeposition of PbO2 on glassy carbon electrodes: influence of ultrasound frequency

The influence of the ultrasonic frequency on the electrocrystallisation of lead dioxide on glassy carbon electrodes was studied in 1 mol dm−3 HNO3 + 0.1 mol dm−3 Pb(NO3)2 using chronoamperometry and numerical approximations of the current transients obtained. The effects of the ultrasound frequency have been compared with the effects produced by other operational variables such as electrode potential.Universidad de Alicante (project GR03-05)

Vinculación universidad-sector productivo a través del proceso de transferencia tecnológica

The fundamental purpose of this study is to determine the connection between the university and the productive sector by reinforcing technological transfer between public universities and the productive sector on the Eastern Coast of Lake Maracaibo (ECL – COL, acronym in Spanish) in Zulia (Venezuela). Since this was a descriptive, field- type investigation, it required two universes for study, the first related to public universities on the COL and the second, related to companies that manufacture capital goods for the oil sector on the COL. The methodology developed was based in a bibliographic review and observation using surveys, applying questionnaires as research instruments directed to the two universes, which had validity in both content and construct according to results using the Cronbach Alpha method. For statistical analysis, calculations of the frequency (Fr) and percentages (%) of the questions were used. The results showed weak technological transfer between the universities and the productive sector on the COL.La presente investigación tiene como propósito fundamental, determinar la vinculación Universidad - sector productivo a través del fortalecimiento de la transferencia tecnológica entre las universidades públicas y el sector productivo de la Costa Oriental del Lago de Maracaibo (COL) del estado Zulia (Venezuela). Siendo una investigación de tipo descriptiva, de campo, requirió de dos universos de estudios, el primero relacionado con las universidades públicas de la COL y el segundo relacionado con las empresas manufactureras de bienes de capital del sector petrolero de la COL. La metodología desarrollada se fundamentó en la revisión bibliográfica y en la técnica de observación mediante encuestas, aplicando el cuestionario como instrumento de investigación dirigido a los dos universos, los cuales tienen validez de contenido y de constructo de acuerdo a los resultados del método Alfa de Cronbach. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó el cálculo de frecuencias (Fr) y porcentajes (%) de las respuestas. Los resultados obtenidos evidencian débil transferencia tecnológica entre las universidades y el sector productivo de la COL

Looking behind occlusions: A study on amodal segmentation for robust on-tree apple fruit size estimation

The detection and sizing of fruits with computer vision methods is of interest because it provides relevant information to improve the management of orchard farming. However, the presence of partially occluded fruits limits the performance of existing methods, making reliable fruit sizing a challenging task. While previous fruit segmentation works limit segmentation to the visible region of fruits (known as modal segmentation), in this work we propose an amodal segmentation algorithm to predict the complete shape, which includes its visible and occluded regions. To do so, an end-to-end convolutional neural network (CNN) for simultaneous modal and amodal instance segmentation was implemented. The predicted amodal masks were used to estimate the fruit diameters in pixels. Modal masks were used to identify the visible region and measure the distance between the apples and the camera using the depth image. Finally, the fruit diameters in millimetres (mm) were computed by applying the pinhole camera model. The method was developed with a Fuji apple dataset consisting of 3925 RGB-D images acquired at different growth stages with a total of 15,335 annotated apples, and was subsequently tested in a case study to measure the diameter of Elstar apples at different growth stages. Fruit detection results showed an F1-score of 0.86 and the fruit diameter results reported a mean absolute error (MAE) of 4.5 mm and R2 = 0.80 irrespective of fruit visibility. Besides the diameter estimation, modal and amodal masks were used to automatically determine the percentage of visibility of measured apples. This feature was used as a confidence value, improving the diameter estimation to MAE = 2.93 mm and R2 = 0.91 when limiting the size estimation to fruits detected with a visibility higher than 60%. The main advantages of the present methodology are its robustness for measuring partially occluded fruits and the capability to determine the visibility percentage. The main limitation is that depth images were generated by means of photogrammetry methods, which limits the efficiency of data acquisition. To overcome this limitation, future works should consider the use of commercial RGB-D sensors. The code and the dataset used to evaluate the method have been made publicly available at https://github.com/GRAP-UdL-AT/Amodal_Fruit_SizingThis work was partly funded by the Departament de Recerca i Universitats de la Generalitat de Catalunya (grant 2021 LLAV 00088), the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (grants RTI2018-094222-B-I00 [PAgFRUIT project], PID2021-126648OB-I00 [PAgPROTECT project] and PID2020-117142GB-I00 [DeeLight project] by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by “ERDF, a way of making Europe”, by the European Union). The work of Jordi Gené Mola was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Universities through a Margarita Salas postdoctoral grant funded by the European Union - NextGenerationEU. We would also like to thank Nufri (especially Santiago Salamero and Oriol Morreres) for their support during data acquisition, and Pieter van Dalfsen and Dirk de Hoog from Wageningen University & Research for additional data collection used in the case study.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Characterizing Breakthrough Cancer Pain Using Ecological Momentary Assessment with a Smartphone App: Feasibility and Clinical Findings

Background: mobile applications (apps) facilitate cancer pain ecological momentary assessment (EMA) and provide more reliable data than retrospective monitoring. The aims of this study are (a) to describe the status of persons with cancer pain when assessed ecologically, (b) to analyze the utility of clinical alarms integrated into the app, and (c) to test the feasibility of implementing an app for daily oncological pain monitoring. Methods: in this feasibility study, 21 patients (mean age = 56.95 years, SD = 10.53, 81.0% men) responded to an app-based evaluation of physical status (baseline and breakthrough cancer pain (BTcP)) and mental health variables (fatigue, mood, and coping) daily during 30 days. Results: cancer pain characterization with the app was similar to data from the literature using retrospective assessments in terms of BTcP duration and perceived medication effectiveness. However, BTcP was less frequent when evaluated ecologically. Pain, fatigue, and mood were comparable in the morning and evening. Passive coping strategies were the most employed daily. Clinical alarms appear to be useful to detect and address adverse events. App implementation was feasible and acceptable. Conclusion: apps reduce recall bias and facilitate a rapid response to adverse events in oncological care. Future efforts should be addressed to integrate EMA and ecological momentary interventions to facilitate pain self-management via apps

Efecto de la variación en la cantidad de nitrógeno ligado a la fibra en piensos de cerdos sobre las características del purín resultantante y su potencial de NH3, Biogas y CH4: resusltados preliminares

La composición del purín varía en función de la dieta, los procesos fisiológicos y bioquímicos en el animal y el manejo, entre otros. La composición del purín es determinante en las emisiones de metano (CH 4 ) y amoniaco (NH 3 ) (Moset y col., 2012) y condiciona su aptitud para ser usado como fertilizante o como sustrato para la producción de biogás. Las materias primas comúnmente utilizadas en la fabricación de piensos poseen valores variables de nitrógeno ligado a fibra (N- FND) y determinadas combinaciones de ingredientes modifican de manera considerable la concentración de N-FND en los piensos. La ingesta de diferentes cantidades de N-FND puede dar lugar a cambios en la composición del purín y en su potencial de producción de NH 3 ,CH 4 y biogás. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar los efectos de la modificación de la calidad del nitrógeno (N) en piensos de cebo en cerdos y sus implicancias en la producción de NH 3, CH 4 y biogás a partir del purín. Este ensayo es parte del proyecto GasPorc (AGL2011-30023-C03) que evalúa la relación que existe entre la composición de la dieta, características del purín y su potencial de producción de gases y valor fertilizante