Microbioreactor (micro-Matrix) potential in aerobic and anaerobic conditions with different industrially relevant microbial strains

Microscale fermentation systems are important high throughput tools in clone selection, and bioprocess set up and optimization, since they provide several parallel experiments in controlled conditions of pH, temperature, agitation, and gas flow rate. In this work we evaluated the performance of biotechnologically relevant strains with different respiratory requirements in the micro-Matrix microbioreactor. In particular Escherichia coli K4 requires well aerated fermentation conditions to improve its native production of chondroitin-like capsular polysaccharide, a biomedically attractive polymer. Results from batch and fed-batch experiments demonstrated high reproducibility with those obtained on 2 L reactors, although highlighting a pronounced volume loss for longer-term experiments. Basfia succiniciproducens and Actinobacillus succinogenes need CO2 addition for the production of succinic acid, a building block with several industrial applications. Different CO2 supply modes were tested for the two strains in 24 h batch experiments and results well compared with those obtained on lab-scale bioreactors. Overall, it was demonstrated that the micro-Matrix is a useful scale-down tool that is suitable for growing metabolically different strains in simple batch process, however, a series of issues should still be addressed in order to fully exploit its potential

APPLICATION OF A ONE-STEP REAL TIME RT-PCR PROTOCOL FOR NOROVIRUS DETECTION IN SHELLFISH HARVERSTED AND COMMERCIALIZED IN CAMPANIA REGION

Shellfish are recognized as a potential vehicle of viral diseases. However, according to European Regulations, only bacteriological parameters (Salmonella and E. coli) are used to establish their microbiological quality. Because of the lack of a standard reference method for the detection of viruses, data on the incidence of enteric viruses in European production areas are still limited. Aim of the present study was the evaluation of the Norovirus (NoV) contamination in shellfish from different harvesting areas (both class A and B) and from registered and not- registered retails of the Campania region (Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy). Seventy shellfish (Mytilus galloprovincialis) were collected from 15 harvesting areas, one authorized and two not authorized retails and were examined for virus presence (NoV genogroups I and II) by Real Time PCR. Ten harvesting areas (66%) showed presence of viral contamination, with three of them belonging to A areas and seven to B areas. The shellfish collected from the registered retail tested positive for Norovirus presence, whereas the shellfish collected from not-authorized retails didn't show viral contamination. Twenty-nine samples were positive for genogroup II, ten of which tested positive also for NoV genogroup I

La Carta della vegetazione e degli elementi di paesaggio vegetale delle Marche (scala 1:50.000) per la progettazione e la gestione della rete ecologica regionale

A study regards 2 maps about actual vegetation and geosinphytosociological aspects of Marche Region territory is showed. This maps are carried out inside regional Ecological Network Project started by Biodiversity and Ecological Network Office at the end of 2003. Besides some possible applications are proposed

Studi confraternali: orientamenti, problemi, testimonianze

Il volume raccoglie interventi di studiosi italiani e stranieri miranti a offrire una panoramica di percorsi storiografici e di problematiche relativi alla storia del movimento confraternale, così come sono emersi nell'ambito di discipline storiche, sociali, giuridiche, letterarie e artistiche sviluppatesi nel corso del Novecento. I contributi si riferiscono al contesto storico dell'Europa occidentale, con più specifico riguardo per l'Italia, nel periodo compreso fra medioevo e prima età moderna. La raccolta si articola in quattro sezioni: Individui e gruppi, che sonda l'emergere di un interesse verso le comunità confraternali all'interno di ambiti di studio come la storia dei gruppi sociali, del mondo rurale, delle donne, dei giovani; L'inquadramento giuridico e istituzionale, che affronta problemi di legittimità e di assetto istituzionale; L'economia della carità, che analizza il rapporto delle confraternite con gli enti ospedalieri, le modalità amministrative dei patrimoni confraternali, le culture di governo che sottostanno a politiche assistenziali di cui le confraternite sono tramite principale; Testimonianze teatrali, musicali, artistiche, documentarie dedicata alle fonti che le confraternite hanno saputo trasmettere