Management of intra-abdominal infections : recommendations by the WSES 2016 consensus conference

This paper reports on the consensus conference on the management of intra-abdominal infections (IAIs) which was held on July 23, 2016, in Dublin, Ireland, as a part of the annual World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES) meeting. This document covers all aspects of the management of IAIs. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation recommendation is used, and this document represents the executive summary of the consensus conference findings.Peer reviewe

Magnetic study of the diluted magnetic semiconductor Sn1-xMnxTe

New measurements of the magnetic carrier-induced properties of Sn1-xMnxTe for x≤0.10 are presented. The results of these and previously reported measurements for other compositions and carrier concentrations will be compared to model calculations of the low-temperature magnetic state. A magnetic phase diagram will be presented

Carrier-induced magnetic properties in small-gal semiconductors

\u3cp\u3eIn the small-gap semiconductor Pb\u3csub\u3e1-x-y\u3c/sub\u3eSn\u3csub\u3ey\u3c/sub\u3eMn \u3csub\u3ex\u3c/sub\u3eTe the magnetic phase transition from a ferromagnetic to a spin-glass state at high carrier concentrations is studied. The authors present new data on magnetization, AC susceptibility and specific heat for various carrier concentrations showing the transition. They also present frequency-dependent AC susceptibility measurements. For the spin-glass sample there is a strong dependence on the measuring frequency, which follows the Vogel-Fulcher law. Furthermore, they calculate the phase boundary in the x-p magnetic phase diagram using the mean random field model. There is a satisfactory agreement between the experimental data and the calculations.\u3c/p\u3

Neutron-diffraction study of the carrier-concentration-induced ferromagnet-to-spin-glass transition in the diluted magnetic semiconductor Sn1-xMnxTe

\u3cp\u3eIn the diluted magnetic semiconductor Sn1-xMnxTe the charge-carrier concentration p is of crucial importance for the low-temperature magnetic behavior. By means of neutron-diffraction experiments, in combination with ac-susceptibility, magnetization, and specific-heat data, we show that for x=0.04 the long-range-ordered ferromagnetic state observed for p=7×1020 cm-3 gradually evolves into a spin-glass state with increasing carrier concentration. In a crystal with p=11×1020 cm-3 initially a transition to a restricted-ranged ferromagnetic order occurs when the temperature is lowered in zero field, followed by a transition to a reentrant spin-glass phase. By the application of a small magnetic field (5.0 mT) the reentrant spin-glass transition is suppressed. In a p=23×1020 cm-3 crystal a spin-glass phase is entered directly from the paramagnetic regime. The neutron-diffraction results indicate the presence of short-range ferromagnetic fluctuations in this sample. The results are discussed in the context of a Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya- Yosida model. A three-dimensional (T,x,p) magnetic phase diagram is presented.\u3c/p\u3