IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGES ON HYDROLOGIC BALANCE: A CASE STUDY OF VOCHA PLAIN, KORINTHIA

Σκοπός της εργασίας αυτής αποτελεί η αξιολόγηση υδρολογικών παραμέτρων του κλιματικού μοντέλου σε σχέση με πραγματικά υδρολογικά δεδομένα. Απώτερος στόχος της εργασίας αποτελεί η εκτίμηση των επιπτώσεων των κλιματικών αλλαγών στο υδατικό ισοζύγιο. Για αυτόν το σκοπό, συνδυάστηκε το κλιματικό μοντέλο RegCM3 και η μέθοδος Thornthwaite. Για την εφαρμογή της μεθόδου, επιλέχθηκε η περιοχή που καλύπτει το νοτιοανατολικό τμήμα του Κορινθιακού κόλπου. Η περιοχή χαρακτηρίζεται από έντονη αστικοποίηση, εντατική γεωργία, τουριστική ανάπτυξη, με συνεχώς αυξανόμενες υδατικές ανάγκες. Από την αξιολόγηση των υδρολογικών παραμέτρων του κλιματικού μοντέλου RegCM3 με τα αντίστοιχα πραγματικά δεδομένα διαπιστώνεται η αξιοπιστία του μοντέλου. Από τον συνδυασμό του κλιματικού μοντέλου RegCM3 και της μεθόδου Thornthwaite διαπιστώνεται ότι κατά τις μελλοντικές περιόδους 2028-2040, 2058-2070 και 2088-2100 αναμένεται αύξηση της πραγματικής εξατμισοδιαπνοής, ως αποτέλεσμα της μείωσης της βροχόπτωσης και της αύξησης της θερμοκρασίας.The aim of this study is to evaluate climate model hydrological parameters in comparison to recorded hydrological data and estimate the impacts of climate change on water balance. For this purpose, a combination of climate model precipitation and temperature data and Thornthwaite method was applied for the period 1988-2000 and the future periods 2028-2040, 2058-2070 and 2088 2100. The application of this combination was carried out in a coastal region in Southeastern part of Korinthiakos Gulf (southern Greece). The area is suitable for this target, because it is characterized by urbanization, intensive agriculture and tourism development, with increasing water demands. The evaluation of climate model parameters in comparison to observed data shows that the RegCM3 model is a reliable model. According to the future projections and the Thornthwaite method, the real evapotranspiration is estimated to increase, as a result precipitation decrease and temperature increase

Erratum to: 36th International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1186/s13054-016-1208-6.]

Hepatic alterations are accompanied by changes to bile acid transporter-expressing neurons in the hypothalamus after traumatic brain injury

Annually, there are over 2 million incidents of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and treatment options are non-existent. While many TBI studies have focused on the brain, peripheral contributions involving the digestive and immune systems are emerging as factors involved in the various symptomology associated with TBI. We hypothesized that TBI would alter hepatic function, including bile acid system machinery in the liver and brain. The results show activation of the hepatic acute phase response by 2 hours after TBI, hepatic inflammation by 6 hours after TBI and a decrease in hepatic transcription factors, Gli 1, Gli 2, Gli 3 at 2 and 24 hrs after TBI. Bile acid receptors and transporters were decreased as early as 2 hrs after TBI until at least 24 hrs after TBI. Quantification of bile acid transporter, ASBT-expressing neurons in the hypothalamus, revealed a significant decrease following TBI. These results are the first to show such changes following a TBI, and are compatible with previous studies of the bile acid system in stroke models. The data support the emerging idea of a systemic influence to neurological disorders and point to the need for future studies to better define specific mechanisms of action

The relationship between manual coordination and mental health

Motor coordination impairments frequently co-occur with other developmental disorders and mental health problems in clinically referred populations. But does this reflect a broader dimensional relationship within the general population? A clearer understanding of this relationship might inform improvements in mental health service provision. However, ascertainment and referral bias means that there is limited value in conducting further research with clinically referred samples. We, therefore, conducted a cross-sectional population-based study investigating children’s manual coordination using an objective computerised test. These measures were related to teacher-completed responses on a behavioural screening questionnaire [the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)]. We sampled 298 children (4–11 years old; 136 males) recruited from the general population. Hierarchical (logistic and linear) regression modelling indicated significant categorical and continuous relationships between manual coordination and overall SDQ score (a dimensional measure of psychopathology). Even after controlling for gender and age, manual coordination explained 15 % of the variance in total SDQ score. This dropped to 9 % after exclusion of participants whose SDQ responses indicated potential mental health problems. These results: (1) indicate that there is a clear relationship between children’s motor and mental health development in community-based samples; (2) demonstrate the relationship’s dimensional nature; and (3) have implications for service provision