Los métodos comunicativos de enseñanza y el aprendizaje del inglés, como lengua extranjera de los estudiantes del Instituto de Lenguas de la Universidad Técnica de Manabí

Publicación a texto completo no autorizada por el autorDemuestra la influencia de los métodos comunicativos de enseñanza y el aprendizaje del inglés, como lengua extranjera. Este trabajo es de tipo cuasi experimental, con grupos de control y experimental, sometidos a un pre y post test cuyos resultados finales validan la hipótesis que plantea la utilización de los métodos descritos anteriormente para mejorar el aprendizaje del idioma inglés.Tesi

Preferences, use of and satisfaction with mental health services among a sample of Puerto Rican cancer patients

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to describe the preferences, the use, satisfaction of mental health services (MHS) among a sample of Puerto Rican patients with cancer undergoing oncology treatment. METHODS: A convenience sample of 120 patients diagnosed with cancer was recruited. Self-report questionnaires assessed socio-demographic and background questions, and the Mental Health Service Preference, Utilization and Satisfaction Questionnaire (MHSPUS). The Socio-demographic and Background Questionnaire inquired about participants\u27 demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, and included questions such as history of psychiatric diagnosis and spiritual practices. Univariate and Chi square analyses were used for descriptive purposes. Logistic regressions were used to explore associations between sociodemographic factors and MHS preferences and use. RESULTS: The majority of the sample were females (53.8%), 61 and older (53.8%), and married or living with partner (57.1%), and reported an income equal to or less than $12,000 per year (44.4%), which places them under the US federal poverty line. Most of the participants (66.7%) reported being receptive to seeking services. Findings showed a significant association between living situation and past (p \u3c .05) and lifetime use (p \u3c .05) of MHS and past use of MHS. Participants living alone were more like to have used MHS in the past and during their lifetime. Adjusted logistic regression analyses revealed that living with someone was a protective factor for not using MHS in their lifetime (OR = 0.28; C1 = 0.08-0.95). Participants preferred to receive MHS at the oncology clinic, preferably on the date of their oncology appointments and during morning hours. CONCLUSION: Findings support the integration of mental health services within the oncology practice setting

Análisis de la alimentación en regiones del Ecuador mediante Big Data

Healthy eating is a relevant element for people's well-being; helps to avoid malnutrition, as well as non-communicable diseases, therefore, it is important to know those are the foods most consumed by Ecuadorians according to the region in which they reside, in order to determine how the diet is present in these regions influences the health of its inhabitants. In this research, an analysis of the types of diet in the Costa and Sierra regions of Ecuador is carried out. For this, social networks were used as data sources, since they are increasingly used to share information or opinions about situations or elements of various kinds, Twitter being the one used, as it is one of the most important social networks for this. . The data collection of the social network Twitter was carried out through the use of the Python programming language and was focused on Tweets that allude to food, comparing data from the cities of the Sierra and the Coast, classifying healthy and unhealthy foods and types of foods, which makes it possible to identify the most relevant foods in each region. The evaluation of the Tweets is also analyzed, in terms of number of interactions thereof. Obtaining that healthier foods are consumed in the Sierra; the results are displayed in different reports in Power BI.La alimentación saludable es un elemento relevante para el bienestar de las personas; ayuda a evitar la desnutrición, al igual que enfermedades no transmisibles, por ello, resulta importante el conocer cuáles son aquellos alimentos más consumidos por parte de los ecuatorianos según la región en la que residen, con el fin de determinar cómo la alimentación presente en estas regiones influye en la salud de sus habitantes. En la presente investigación se realiza un análisis de los tipos de alimentación en las regiones Costa y Sierra del Ecuador. Para ello se empleó a las redes sociales como fuentes de datos, ya que cada vez son más utilizadas para compartir información u opiniones acerca de situaciones o elementos de diversas índoles, siendo Twitter la empleada, por ser una de las redes sociales más importantes para ello. La recolección de datos de la red social Twitter se llevó a cabo mediante el uso del lenguaje de programación Python y estuvo enfocada en Tweets que aluden a la alimentación, comparando datos de las ciudades de la Sierra y la Costa, clasificando alimentos saludables y no saludables y tipos de alimentos, lo que permite identificar en cada región los alimentos más relevantes. También se analiza la valoración del Tweets, en cuanto a cantidad de interacciones de los mismos. Obteniendo que en la Sierra se consumen alimentos más saludables, los resultados son visualizados en diferentes reportes en Power BI

Brief Report: Hispanic Patients\u27 Trajectory of Cancer Symptom Burden, Depression, Anxiety, and Quality of Life

Background: Anxiety and depression symptoms are known to increase cancer symptom burden, yet little is known about the longitudinal integrations of these among Hispanic/Latinx patients. The goal of this study was to explore the trajectory and longitudinal interactions among anxiety and depression, cancer symptom burden, and health-related quality of life in Hispanic/Latinx cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. METHODS: Baseline behavioral assessments were performed before starting chemotherapy. Follow-up behavioral assessments were performed at 3, 6, and 9 months after starting chemotherapy. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, Fisher\u27s exact tests, and Mann-Whitney tests explored associations among outcome variables. Adjusted multilevel mixed-effects linear regression models were also used to evaluate the association between HADS scores, follow-up visits, FACT-G scale, MDASI scale, and sociodemographic variables. RESULTS: Increased cancer symptom burden was significantly related to changes in anxiety symptoms\u27 scores (adjusted beta^ = 0.11 [95% CI: 0.02, 0.19]. Increased quality of life was significantly associated with decreased depression and anxiety symptoms (adjusted beta^ = -0.33; 95% CI: -0.47, -0.18, and 0.38 adjusted beta^= -0.38; 95% CI: -0.55, -0.20, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Findings highlight the need to conduct periodic mental health screenings among cancer patients initiating cancer treatment

Age-Related Macular Degeneration: New Paradigms for Treatment and Management of AMD

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a well-characterized and extensively studied disease. It is currently considered the leading cause of visual disability among patients over 60 years. The hallmark of early AMD is the formation of drusen, pigmentary changes at the macula, and mild to moderate vision loss. There are two forms of AMD: the “dry” and the “wet” form that is less frequent but is responsible for 90% of acute blindness due to AMD. Risk factors have been associated with AMD progression, and they are taking relevance to understand how AMD develops: (1) advanced age and the exposition to environmental factors inducing high levels of oxidative stress damaging the macula and (2) this damage, which causes inflammation inducing a vicious cycle, altogether causing central vision loss. There is neither a cure nor treatment to prevent AMD. However, there are some treatments available for the wet form of AMD. This article will review some molecular and cellular mechanisms associated with the onset of AMD focusing on feasible treatments for each related factor in the development of this pathology such as vascular endothelial growth factor, oxidative stress, failure of the clearance of proteins and organelles, and glial cell dysfunction in AMD

Genetic landscape of 6089 inherited retinal dystrophies affected cases in Spain and their therapeutic and extended epidemiological implications

Inherited retinal diseases (IRDs), defined by dysfunction or progressive loss of photoreceptors, are disorders characterized by elevated heterogeneity, both at the clinical and genetic levels. Our main goal was to address the genetic landscape of IRD in the largest cohort of Spanish patients reported to date. A retrospective hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out on 6089 IRD affected individuals (from 4403 unrelated families), referred for genetic testing from all the Spanish autonomous communities. Clinical, demographic and familiar data were collected from each patient, including family pedigree, age of appearance of visual symptoms, presence of any systemic findings and geographical origin. Genetic studies were performed to the 3951 families with available DNA using different molecular techniques. Overall, 53.2% (2100/3951) of the studied families were genetically characterized, and 1549 different likely causative variants in 142 genes were identified. The most common phenotype encountered is retinitis pigmentosa (RP) (55.6% of families, 2447/4403). The most recurrently mutated genes were PRPH2, ABCA4 and RS1 in autosomal dominant (AD), autosomal recessive (AR) and X-linked (XL) NON-RP cases, respectively; RHO, USH2A and RPGR in AD, AR and XL for non-syndromic RP; and USH2A and MYO7A in syndromic IRD. Pathogenic variants c.3386G > T (p.Arg1129Leu) in ABCA4 and c.2276G > T (p.Cys759Phe) in USH2A were the most frequent variants identified. Our study provides the general landscape for IRD in Spain, reporting the largest cohort ever presented. Our results have important implications for genetic diagnosis, counselling and new therapeutic strategies to both the Spanish population and other related populations.This work was supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) of the Spanish Ministry of Health (FIS; PI16/00425 and PI19/00321), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER, 06/07/0036), IIS-FJD BioBank (PT13/0010/0012), Comunidad de Madrid (CAM, RAREGenomics Project, B2017/BMD-3721), European Regional Development Fund (FEDER), the Organización Nacional de Ciegos Españoles (ONCE), Fundación Ramón Areces, Fundación Conchita Rábago and the University Chair UAM-IIS-FJD of Genomic Medicine. Irene Perea-Romero is supported by a PhD fellowship from the predoctoral Program from ISCIII (FI17/00192). Ionut F. Iancu is supported by a grant from the Comunidad de Madrid (CAM, PEJ-2017-AI/BMD7256). Marta del Pozo-Valero is supported by a PhD grant from the Fundación Conchita Rábago. Berta Almoguera is supported by a Juan Rodes program from ISCIII (JR17/00020). Pablo Minguez is supported by a Miguel Servet program from ISCIII (CP16/00116). Marta Corton is supported by a Miguel Servet program from ISCIII (CPII17/00006). The funders played no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, manuscript preparation and/or publication decisions

An Ontological Approach to Inform HMI Designs for Minimizing Driver Distractions with ADAS

ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance Systems) are in-vehicle systems designed to enhance driving safety and efficiency as well as comfort for drivers in the driving process. Recent studies have noticed that when Human Machine Interface (HMI) is not designed properly, an ADAS can cause distraction which would affect its usage and even lead to safety issues. Current understanding of these issues is limited to the context-dependent nature of such systems. This paper reports the development of a holistic conceptualisation of how drivers interact with ADAS and how such interaction could lead to potential distraction. This is done taking an ontological approach to contextualise the potential distraction, driving tasks and user interactions centred on the use of ADAS. Example scenarios are also given to demonstrate how the developed ontology can be used to deduce rules for identifying distraction from ADAS and informing future designs

Influencia de la desintegración familiar en el aprendizaje de los niños de 5 años de la institución educativa Jesús Maestro perteneciente a la Ugel Norte – Arequipa 2017

Trabajo de investigaciónLa presente investigación se llevó a cabo para demostrar que la desintegración familiar influye en el aprendizaje de los niños de 5 años de la Institución Educativa Particular Jesús Maestro perteneciente a la UGEL Arequipa Norte 2017. En la investigación realizada se utilizó el método deductivo, enfoque cuantitativo, diseño correlacional, aplicando un cuestionario a los padres de familia haciendo énfasis en como la desintegración familiar influye en el aprendizaje de los niños con una población de 13 niños, teniendo como finalidad demostrar que la desintegración familiar influye en el aprendizaje de los niños y niñas. La familia ocupa un lugar especial en la vida del estudiante, pues es el espacio en donde puede compartir penas y alegrías, por lo que si no encuentra apoyo en ella, su aprendizaje disminuye. Este estudio planteó como objetivo, determinar la influencia de la desintegración familiar en el aprendizaje de los niños de 5 años de la Institución Educativa Jesús Maestro perteneciente a la UGEL Arequipa Norte 2017. La investigación se realizó en la misma Institución Educativa, a través de encuestas dirigidas a padres de familia, y la observación de la docente a los niños y niñas. Se concluyó que la desintegración familiar afecta al estudiante porque recibe en mínima parte apoyo para resolver tareas y dificultades escolares o personales, por lo que se recomienda orientar a padres e hijos, a fin de mejorar el aprendizaje de los niños y niñas