Ti2AlC and Ti3SiC2 MAX phase foams: processing, porosity characterization and connection between processing parameters and porosity

Proceeding of: World PM2016 Congress Proceedings. New materials and applications, biomedical applicationsMAX phases Ti2AlC and Ti3SiC2 foams with controlled porosity and pore size were produced using the space holder method. The foams were processed using water-leachable crystalline carbohydrate as space holder that involves: mixing, cold isostatic pressing, dissolution and sintering. Three combinations of volume percentage (20%-60%) and size distribution (250-1000 mum) of space holder were introduced during mixing. The foams were characterized and compared with the material without space holder. The characterization included: morphology (overall, open and closed porosity by Archimedes method) and gas permeability. Foams with porosity up to about 60 vol% and pore size distribution ranging from about 250 to 1000 mum were produced. Experimental porosity was compared to the theoretical expected porosity. The results show a bimodal porosity that can be customized by the sintering and the space holder. This study connects the processing parameters to the porosity created and allows control of porosity and pore size to produce tailor-made properties.The authors would like to thank the funding provided for this research by the Regional Government of Madrid- Dir. Gral. Universidades e Investigación, through the project S2013/MIT-2862 (MULTIMAT-CHALLENGE-CM), and by Spanish Government through Ramón y Cajal contract RYC-2014-15014 and the project MAT2012/38650-C02-0

Propuesta de implementación de la metodología de las 5s Para el almacén de segundas de la empresa VECOL S.A

En el presente trabajo de investigación, basados en la problemática planteada en cuanto a problemas logísticos en la operación del almacén de segundas perteneciente a la sección de mantenimiento de la empresa Vecol S.A. cuyos impactos se han reflejado en tiempos muertos en la búsqueda de cualquier elemento, problemas de tránsito y mal aspecto visual en este almacén, se orienta una propuesta de solución al problema ligada a los objetivos estratégicos de la compañía mediante la implementación de las 5s como metodología de clase mundial. Mediante una metodología de investigación cuantitativa con enfoque experimental se realiza una tabulación asociada a tiempos de búsqueda de repuestos en las condiciones actuales y comparándolos contra un modelo óptimo de almacenamiento, al igual que monetizando todos los elementos que son almacenados en este almacén. A su vez con una alineación cualitativa se pone en evidencia el impacto visual negativo que genera el almacén en las condiciones actuales. Tras el planteamiento de la solución mediante etapas para realizar la propuesta de implementación de las 5s, se demuestran los beneficios de esta implementación desde las perspectivas de objetivos estratégicos organizacionales, reducción de tiempos en los procesos de mantenimiento, el impacto visual y la alineación de esta metodología a modelos de mejoramiento continuo como lean Manufacturing o TPMIn the present research work, based on the problems raised in terms of logistical problems in the operation of the second-hand warehouse belonging to the maintenance section of the company Vecol S.A. whose impacts have been reflected in downtime in the search for any element, traffic problems and poor visual appearance in this warehouse, a solution proposal to the problem linked to the strategic objectives of the company is oriented through the implementation of the 5s as a methodology of World class. Using a quantitative research methodology with an experimental approach, a tabulation associated with search times for spare parts under current conditions is carried out and comparing them against an optimal storage model, as well as monetizing all the elements that are stored in this warehouse. At the same time, with a qualitative alignment, the negative visual impact generated by the warehouse under current conditions is evidenced. After proposing the solution through stages to carry out the implementation proposal of the 5s, the benefits of this implementation are demonstrated from the perspectives of strategic organizational objectives, reduction of times in maintenance processes, the visual impact and alignment of this methodology to continuous improvement models such as lean Manufacturing or TPM.1. TÍTULO: PROPUESTA DE IMPLEMENTACIÓN DE LA METODOLOGÍA DE LAS 5s EMPRESA VECOL S.A. 6 2. PROBLEMA DE INVESTIGACIÓN 7 2.1. Descripción del Problema 7 2.2. Formulación del problema 9 3. OBJETIVOS 9 3.1. Objetivo General 9 3.2. Objetivos específicos. 9 4. JUSTIFICACIÓN Y DELIMITACIÓN 10 4.1. Justificación 10 4.2. Delimitación 14 4.3. Limitaciones 14 5. MARCOS DE REFERENCIA 15 5.1. Estado del Arte 15 5.2. Marco Teórico 21 5.2.1. Metodología 5’s 21 5.3. Marco legal 29 6. METODOLOGÍA 30 6.1. ETAPAS DE LA IMPLEMENTACIÓN 30 6.1.1 ETAPA 1: 30 6.1.2. ETAPA 2: 31 6.1.3. ETAPA 3: 32 6.1.4. ETAPA 4: 32 6.2. Cronograma 33 6.3. PROPUESTA DE SOLUCIÓN. 34 6.3.1. Diagnosticar el estado actual del almacén de segundas de mantenimiento de la empresa Vecol S.A 34 6.3.2. Estimación del valor comercial de los materiales almacenados 38 6.3.3.Identificación de Aportes de la Metodología 5s al almacén de segundas 39 7 6.3.4. Elaborar un plan de acción semestral para la implementación definitiva de la metodología de las 5s en el almacén de segundas. 43 7. ANÁLISIS DE LOS RESULTADOS 49 7.1. Perspectiva de objetivos Estratégicos de Vecol S.A 49 8. ANÁLISIS FINANCIERO 55 9. CONCLUSIONES Y RECOMENDACIONES 67 9.1. Recomendaciones 68 10. REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS 69EspecializaciónEspecialista en Gerencia de MantenimientoEspecialización en Gerencia de Mantenimient

Role of beta-stabilizing elements on the microstructure and mechanical properties evolution of modified PM Ti surfaces designed for biomedical applications

Invited keynotes paper from EUROPM2017, Milan.This work focuses on the evaluation of modified surfaces on Ti produced by powder metallurgy. These newly designed surface modifications are achieved by deposition and diffusion of a stable aqueous suspension prepared in one case from micro-sized Nb powder (Ti beta-stabilizer element) and in another case from Nb plus the addition of ammonium chloride, NH4Cl, (thermo-reactive diffusion process). Different design parameters such as diffusion element (Nb or Mo), state of the Ti substrate (green or sintered) and the treatment process (diffusion or thermo-reactive diffusion) lead to all the surface-modified materials, GreenTi-Nb, SintTi-Nb and Ti-Nb-NH4Cl, GreenTi-Mo, SintTi-Mo and Ti-Mo-NH4Cl. The modified Ti surfaces present a gradient in composition and microstructure (beta / alpha+beta / alpha phases) resulting in an improvement in some of their mechanical properties: (1) higher micro-hardness in all the modified materials and (2) lower elastic modulus (more similar to that of the human bone) in those without NH4Cl.The authors would like to thank the funding provided for this research by the Regional Government of Madrid (program MULTIMAT-CHALLENGE-CM, ref. S2013/MIT- 2862), and by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spain (program MINECO, ref. PCIN-2016-123 and Ramón y Cajal contract RYC-2014-15014)

Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome

The sequence of the human genome encodes the genetic instructions for human physiology, as well as rich information about human evolution. In 2001, the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium reported a draft sequence of the euchromatic portion of the human genome. Since then, the international collaboration has worked to convert this draft into a genome sequence with high accuracy and nearly complete coverage. Here, we report the result of this finishing process. The current genome sequence (Build 35) contains 2.85 billion nucleotides interrupted by only 341 gaps. It covers ∼99% of the euchromatic genome and is accurate to an error rate of ∼1 event per 100,000 bases. Many of the remaining euchromatic gaps are associated with segmental duplications and will require focused work with new methods. The near-complete sequence, the first for a vertebrate, greatly improves the precision of biological analyses of the human genome including studies of gene number, birth and death. Notably, the human enome seems to encode only 20,000-25,000 protein-coding genes. The genome sequence reported here should serve as a firm foundation for biomedical research in the decades ahead

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

MAX phase Ti2AlC foams using a leachable space-holder material

MAX phase foams from commercial Ti2AlC powder were prepared by a novel powder processing method using raw sugar as space-holder. Manufacturing MAX phase foams using this method involves mixing Ti2AlC powder with raw sugar, pressing the mixture to form a green body followed by space-holder removal and sintering. Green bodies were formed using cold uniaxial pressing and porosity was controlled varying the size and amount of the raw sugar space-holder. Three different space-holder particles sizes in the range of 250-1000 μm and four different volume amounts (20%, 40%, 60% and 80%) of space-holder were studied. The foams produced were characterized, and the size distribution and amount of resulting porosity was compared with the theoretically expected values. Optimal conditions using this novel processing technique for this material were established aiming towards controlling the final microstructures and properties, of porous Ti2AlC MAX phase.The authors wish to thank the Ministry of Education and Science for funding through R & D project MAT2012-38650-C02-01, and the Community of Madrid for its funding through ESTRUMAT program (S-2009/MAT-1585).Publicad

Slow Fashion as a Communication Strategy of Fashion Brands on Instagram

The objective of this research is to study the reasons for the growing impact of sustainable slow fashion brands in the fashion industry and, in particular, how they manage their communication and which digital strategies they employ. We applied a mixed research methodology: a comparative content analysis of qualitative and quantitative indicators, as well as in-depth interviews with 10 professionals and experts in fashion and digital communication, with the aim of contrasting their opinions with the results of the study. The five sustainable fashion brands (YosoLOVEamor, LIFEGIST, ECOALF, Alohas, and ECOOLOGY) chosen are distinguished by the fact that they base their business projects on social and environmental responsibility, and their Instagram accounts were studied over a period. This paper demonstrates the social interest in and concern for sustainability, ethics, and corporate social responsibility in the fashion industry. Additionally, it is evident that slow fashion brands need to have a good online strategy, as it is the future of fashion. No greenwashing was found, but sustainable fashion is a controversial issue with no regulation and a short history, so it has to develop

Gallicol S.A.S. digital marketing plan

Este trabajo de investigación explora la posibilidad de incorporar una estrategia de marketing digital en la organización Gallicol S.A.S, empresa que durante más de una década ha desempeñado un papel importante en la cadena de suministro de productos avícolas en Colombia, pues una sólida estrategia de marketing es determinante para que la empresa pueda fortalecer su posición en el mercado. El documento examina los diversos componentes de un plan de marketing digital, profundiza en los desafíos y oportunidades únicos para la empresa y pretende recalcar la relevancia de una detallada investigación de mercado para introducir y virar la estrategia comercial de la empresa hacia el mundo digital.This research paper explores the possibility of incorporating a digital marketing strategy in the organization Gallicol S.A.S, a company that for more than a decade has played an important role in the supply chain of poultry products in Colombia; since a solid marketing strategy is decisive for the company to strengthen its position in the market. The document examines the various components of a digital marketing plan, delves into the unique challenges and opportunities for the company, and aims to emphasize the relevance of thorough market research to introduce and shift the company's business strategy towards the digital world

Thermophysical properties of porous Ti2AlC and Ti3SiC2 produced by powder metallurgy

The physicochemical properties of porous Ti2AlC and Ti3SiC2 MAX phase compounds with controlled porosity and grain size obtained by powder metallurgy techniques was studied in depth in order to access their suitability of applications such as catalytic devices on vehicles, heat exchangers or impact resistant structures. The study was performed on isostatic consolidated samples with different amount (20-60 vol%) and size of space holder (250-1000 µm) and in samples without space holder. Oxidation tests were performed at different temperatures for each material depending on their maximum service temperature. In order to understand the oxidation mechanism, oxidation kinetics were analysed to determine the influence of size and amount of porosity in each case. In addition, the microstructure and composition of the oxide layers formed after the tests were analysed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Electrical and thermal conductivity where studied at room temperature and at temperature up to 1000 degrees C. The effect of pore size and cell wall thickness is discussed. Permeability of foams was also measured. The effect of micro porosity and macro porosity on permeability is discussed. The coefficient of thermal expiation was also measured for all foams produced. It is established that these porous MAX phases have suitable properties for their use as catalytic substrates, heat exchanges, high temperature filters or volumetric solar receivers.This research was funded by the Regional Government of Madrid (program ADITIMAT-CM. ref. S2018/NMT-4411) and by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spain (program MINECO Ramón y Cajal contract RYC-2014-1504). Dr. Beatriz Valasco is grateful for the funding provided by the Insitituto Alvaro Alonso Barba (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid) for the research stay at the IFAM. Dresden