Modeling Sugar Beet Responses to Irrigation with AquaCrop for Optimizing Water Allocation

Process-based crop models such as AquaCrop are useful for a variety of applications but must be accurately calibrated and validated. Sugar beet is an important crop that is grown in regions under water scarcity. The discrepancies and uncertainty in past published calibrations, together with important modifications in the program, deemed it necessary to conduct a study aimed at the calibration of AquaCrop (version 6.1) using the results of a single deficit irrigation experiment. The model was validated with additional data from eight farms differing in location, years, varieties, sowing dates, and irrigation. The overall performance of AquaCrop for simulating canopy cover, biomass, and final yield was accurate (RMSE = 11.39%, 2.10 t ha−1, and 0.85 t ha−1, respectively). Once the model was properly calibrated and validated, a scenario analysis was carried out to assess the crop response in terms of yield and water productivity to different irrigation water allocations in the two main production areas of sugar beet in Spain (spring and autumn sowing). The results highlighted the potential of the model by showing the important impact of irrigation water allocation and sowing time on sugar beet production and its irrigation water productivity

DIAGNÓSTICO DEL CLIMA LABORAL EN EL ÁREA DE OPERACIONES DE UNA FINANCIERA DE LA CIUDAD DE AREQUIPA, PARA LA FORMULACIÓN DE ESTRATEGIAS PARA LA MEJORA DEL DESEMPEÑO, AREQUIPA 2015

CLIMA LABORAL PROCESOS QUE INTERVIENEN EN EL CLIMA LABORAL ELEMENTOS DEL CLIMA LABORAL TIPOS DE CLIMA LABORAL IMPORTANCIA DEL CLIMA LABORAL RELACIÓN DEL CLIMA LABORAL CON OTRAS VARIABLES ESTRÉS AGOTAMIENTO AUTOESTIMA CONFLICTO RE ROLES PARTICIPACIÓN COMUNICACIÓN IDENTIFICACIÓN CON LA EMPRESA CLIMA LABORAL ACTUAL CARACTERÍSTICAS DEL CLIMA LABORAL EXISTENTE EN LA EMPRESA TIPO DE CLIMA LABORAL EXISTENTE EN LA OFICINA ASPECTOS DEL CLIMA LABORAL EXISTENTES EN LA OFICINA ESTUDIO DE LAS VARIABLES DE EVALUACIÓN DEL CLIMA LABORAL EXISTENTE EN LA OFICIN

Calidad de servicio y su relación con la satisfacción del usuario en la IE Pública “Sagrado Corazón de Jesús 1207, La Molina, 2021”

La presente tesis, “Calidad del servicio y su relación con la satisfacción del usuario en la Institución Educativa Pública “Sagrado Corazón de Jesús 1207, La Molina, 2021” tuvo el propósito de analizar relación que hay entre la Calidad del servicio y Satisfacción del usuario en la IE que se desarrolló la investigación. Se utilizó un estudio descriptivo y con enfoque cuantitativo. Se utilizó un diseño de tipo correlacional, se contó con la población de 65 estudiantes de 5to de secundaria los mismos que conformaron la muestra que fue censal por conveniencia. La técnica de recolección de datos fue la encuesta y como instrumento fue el cuestionario sobre ambas variables, el cual constó de 21 ítems con cinco alternativas Los datos recogidos se analizaron mediante pruebas paramétricas de análisis de datos como el Rho de Spearman con un valor de r=0.614 y sig 0.00 y también se utilizó el Alfa de Crombach con un valor de 0.975 para Calidad de Servicio y 0,952 para Satisfacción del usuario. Los resultados determinaron un nivel de significancia menor al valor de contraste establecido (p = 0,000 < 0,05), lo cual permitió aceptar la hipótesis general, demostrando estadísticamente que existe una relación moderada, positiva y significativa entre Calidad de servicio y la satisfacción del usuario en la IE pública “Sagrado Corazón de Jesús 1207, La Molina, 2021”.The present investigation, "Quality of service and its relationship with user satisfaction in the Public Educational Institution "Sagrado Corazon de Jesús 1207, La Molina, 2021" had the purpose of analyzing the relationship between Quality of service and User satisfaction in the EI in which the research was developed. For this, a descriptive study with a quantitative approach was achieved. A correlational type design was acquired, there were 65 students from the 5th year of secondary school according to the sample, the same 65 students from the 5th year of secondary school, the sample was census for convenience. The technique to collect the data was the survey and the instrument was the questionnaire on both variables, which consisted of 21 items with five alternatives. The collected data was analyzed by means of parametric tests of data analysis such as Spearman's Rho with a value of r=0.614 and sig 0.00 and Crombach's Alpha was also used with a value of 0.975 for Service Quality and 0.952 for User Satisfaction. The results determined a level of significance lower than the established contrast value (p = 0.000 < 0.05), which allowed us to accept the general hypothesis, statistically demonstrating that there is a moderate, positive and significant relationship between Quality of service and customer satisfaction. user in the public IE “Sagrado Corazón de Jesús 1207, La Molina, 2021”

Debris flow modeling in the Huaycoloro stream located in the Lurigancho-Chosica district in Lima-Perú

El presente trabajo consiste en el modelamiento hidrológico e hidráulico de la quebrada Huaycoloro ubicado en el distrito de Lurigancho – Chosica con fin de proponer soluciones de mitigación estructural y no estructural que integren los modelos. Comenzando por un análisis de eventos de flujo de escombros en el Perú con marco teórico que aborda conceptos básicos relacionados al estudio de hidrología e hidráulica. Para el modelo hidrológico, se realizó la caracterización de la cuenca de la quebrada obteniendo sus parámetros principales, así también se realizó el análisis de precipitaciones y así realizar un modelamiento hidrológico mediante HEC-HMS en colaboración con ArcGIS y determinar caudales máximos con periodo de retorno de 100, 200 y 500 años. El modelo hidráulico fue trabajado con el software FLO-2D PRO y el software libre japonés KANAKO -2D, cuyos parámetros de entrada son hidrogramas calculados por el modelo hidrológico, la topografía digital del terreno, los parámetros físicos y reológicos del flujo, entre otros. Para luego obtener velocidades y profundidades máximas para cada uno de los periodos de retorno mencionados anteriormente cuyos resultados serán comparados entre sí en determinados puntos de control y así precisar cuál de ambos softwares es el mejor, para posteriormente modelar los escenarios incluidas las estructuras y poder determinar su óptimo pre-dimensionamieto y analizar su nivel de mitigación frente al impacto de los flujos de escombros. Finalmente, se realizó la comparación de las modelaciones con estructuras y se propuso de manera conceptual y básica medidas no estructurales, realizando su respectivo análisis, viabilidad y eficiencia para mitigar este tipo de eventos.The present work consists of the hydrological and hydraulic modeling of the Huaycoloro stream located in the district of Lurigancho - Chosica in order to propose structural and non-structural mitigation solutions that integrate the models. Starting with an analysis of debris flow events in Peru with a theoretical framework that addresses basic concepts related to the study of hydrology and hydraulics. For the hydrological model, the characterization of the basin of the creek was carried out, obtaining its main parameters, as well as the analysis of precipitation and thus perform a hydrological modeling using HEC-HMS in collaboration with ArcGIS and determine maximum flows with return period of 100, 200 and 500 years. The hydraulic model was worked with the FLO-2D PRO software and the Japanese free software KANAKO -2D, whose input parameters are hydrographs calculated by the hydrological model, the digital topography of the terrain, the physical and rheological parameters of the flow, among others. To then obtain maximum velocities and depths for each of the aforementioned return periods, the results of which will be compared with each other at certain control points and thus determine which of the two softwares is the best to subsequently model the scenarios including the structures and be able to determine their optimum pre-dimensioning and analyze their level of mitigation against the impact of debris flows. Finally, a comparison of the modeling with structures was carried out and non-structural measures were proposed in a conceptual and basic manner, performing their respective analysis, feasibility and efficiency to mitigate this type of events.Tesi

Comparación de la efectividad en la reducción de bacterias alojadas en las manos de los usuarios según método de secado de manos: una Revisión Sistemática con Metaanálisis

El lavado de manos es la práctica de higiene más realizada y contribuye en la interrupción de la transmisión de microorganismos potencialmente infecciosos para las personas. En este proceso, el secado de manos es un paso fundamental, para el cual se utilizan dispositivos como secadores de manos eléctricos o papel toalla. Sin embargo, se ha encontrado evidencia que el uso de secadores de aire contribuye a que microorganismos que se encuentran presentes en el ambiente de los servicios higiénicos, sean depositados en las manos de los usuarios. El objetivo de esta revisión es comparar la efectividad en la reducción de bacterias después del secado según método de secado de mano utilizado en los servicios higiénicos. Materiales y Métodos: Esta revisión se realizó siguiendo la metodología PRISMA. Se realizó una búsqueda de la bibliografía en las bases de datos de PubMed, SCOPUS, Ovid-MEDLINE, WOS, Embase y Cochrane Library. Se seleccionaron estudios aleatorizados y no aleatorizados que evaluaron al menos uno de los métodos de secado (papel toalla, secadores de aire caliente, secadores jet). Se realizó una extracción de los datos de los estudios seleccionados y se midieron las unidades formadoras de colonias, utilizando una diferencia de medias estandarizadas para cada método de secado de manos y para yemas, palmas y dedos. Resultados: Los resultados para el grupo de palmas y dedos no mostraron diferencia significativa, obteniéndose DME=0.82; IC95: -0.30 a 1.94; I2=95%; p=0.15 y DME= 1.12; IC95: -0.13 a 2.37; I2=91%; p=0.08 respectivamente. Se obtuvo una diferencia significativa en el grupo de yemas de los dedos, con una DME=3.19; IC95: 1.46 a 4.92; I2=95%; p=0.0003. Conclusión: Se encontró una reducción significativa de bacterias en las yemas de los dedos al utilizar papel toalla como método de secado. La reducción de bacterias en palmas y dedos no fue significativa al utilizar cualquier método de secado analizados.Hand washing is the most frequently performed hygiene practice and contributes to interrupting the transmission of highly infectious microorganisms to people. In this process, hand drying is a fundamental step, for which devices such as electric hand dryers or paper towels are used. However, evidence has been found that the use of hand dryers contributes to depositing microorganisms that are present in the environment of the hygienic services, on the hands of the users. The objective of this review is to compare the effectiveness in reducing bacteria after drying, according to the hand drying method used in toilets. Materials and Methods: This review was conducted following the PRISMA methodology. A literature search was performed in the PubMed, SCOPUS, Ovid-MEDLINE, WOS, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. Randomized and non-randomized studies evaluating at least one of the drying methods (paper towels, hot air dryers, jet dryers) were selected. Data extraction from selected studies was performed and colony-forming units were measured, using a standardized mean difference for each hand drying method and for fingertips, palms, and fingers. Results: The results for the group of palms and fingers did not show a significant difference, obtaining SMD=0.82; CI95: -0.30 to 1.94; I2=95%; p=0.15 and SMD= 1.12; CI95: -0.13 to 2.37; I2=91%; p=0.08 respectively. A significant difference was obtained in the fingertips group, with a SMD=3.19; CI95: 1.46 to 4.92; I2=95%; p=0.0003. Conclusion: A significant reduction of bacteria was found on the fingertips when using a paper towel as a drying method. The reduction of bacteria in palms and fingers was not significant when using any drying method analyzed.Tesi

Proline content of sugar beet storage roots: Response to water deficit and nitrogen fertilization at field conditions

Drought stress is one of the major factors causing profit loss of the sugar beet crop. The accumulation of proline, an indicator of water stress, has been reported in response to osmotic and salt stress in sugar beet leaves, but there is little information about its levels in storage roots. Proline in storage roots is potentially useful as indicator of situations that lead to decreased yield and quality of the root, such as drought stress and excess nitrogen. This study has been focused towards proline quantification in storage roots from field trials concerning irrigation, sugar beet variety and nitrogen fertilization. Water deficit is the main factor leading to proline accumulation in sugar beet roots. Excess N supply also increases proline levels, partially by increasing leaf area index (LAI) and exacerbating drought stress. The two varieties studied (Claudia and Ramona) had different responses to water shortage and to nitrogen. Maximum proline levels were measured in Claudia roots subjected to a combination of water shortage and excess N. A positive and significant correlation was found between proline and glucose levels in sugar beet roots, pointing to a relationship between stress responses, carbohydrate catabolism, and proline and glucose accumulation. This proposal was supported by the effect of treatments with di-1-p-menthene (anti-transpirant) and with DMDP (2,5-dihydroxymethyl-3,4-dihydroxypyrrolidina, a glycosidase inhibitor), which lead to decreased level of proline in non-irrigated Claudia sugar beet roots.Subdirección General de Proyectos de Investigación Científica y Técnica de España y FEDER (Unión Europea) IFD97-0893-CO3-01Universidad de Sevilla USE-MONTE P-96Junta de Andalucía (PAI) CVI 29

Nuclear receptors of the honey bee: annotation and expression in the adult brain

The Drosophila genome encodes 18 canonical nuclear receptors. All of the Drosophila nuclear receptors are here shown to be present in the genome of the honey bee (Apis mellifera). Given that the time since divergence of the Drosophila and Apis lineages is measured in hundreds of millions of years, the identification of matched orthologous nuclear receptors in the two genomes reveals the fundamental set of nuclear receptors required to ‘make’ an endopterygote insect. The single novelty is the presence in the A. mellifera genome of a third insect gene similar to vertebrate photoreceptor-specific nuclear receptor (PNR). Phylogenetic analysis indicates that this novel gene, which we have named AmPNR-like, is a new member of the NR2 subfamily not found in the Drosophila or human genomes. This gene is expressed in the developing compound eye of the honey bee. Like their vertebrate counterparts, arthropod nuclear receptors play key roles in embryonic and postembryonic development. Studies in Drosophila have focused primarily on the role of these transcription factors in embryogenesis and metamorphosis. Examination of an expressed sequence tag library developed from the adult bee brain and analysis of transcript expression in brain using in situ hybridization and quantitative RT-PCR revealed that several members of the nuclear receptor family (AmSVP, AmUSP, AmERR, AmHr46, AmFtz-F1, and AmHnf-4) are expressed in the brain of the adult bee. Further analysis of the expression of AmUSP and AmSVP in the mushroom bodies, the major insect brain centre for learning and memory, revealed changes in transcript abundance and, in the case of AmUSP, changes in transcript localization, during the development of foraging behaviour in the adult. Study of the honey bee therefore provides a model for understanding nuclear receptor function in the adult brain

Efecto del riego por goteo de bajo volumen en el rendimiento del cultivo de fréjol variedad “Rojo del Valle” en los andes ecuatorianos

La aplicación del agua de riego por goteo en bajos volúmenes con alta frecuencia es una técnica de manejo del agua que permite maximizar la disponibilidad de oxígeno, agua y nutrientes en la solución del suelo para mejorar la actividad fisiológica de la planta. La investigación se realizó en el Valle de Tumbaco (provincia de Pichincha) para evaluar el efecto integral de esta técnica en la relación suelo – agua – planta. Se utilizó un diseño experimental de parcelas divididas con dos factores en estudio (métodos de aplicación del agua y dosis de fertilizantes), Goteo se denomina al manejo del agua convencional (riego continuo con dosis de fertilizantes 100%) y RPro el riego de bajo volumen de alta frecuencia (riego intermitente con dosis de fertilizantes 50%). Los resultados promedio (2018-2019) fueron: i) rendimiento: Goteo 3,11 t ha-1 y RPro 4,38 t ha-1; ii) lámina de agua aplicada: Goteo 368,15 mm y RPro 236,40 mm; iii) altura de la planta: Goteo 67,39 cm y RPro 62,13 cm; iv) vainas por planta: Goteo 20,17 y RPro 25,24; v) granos por vaina: Goteo 3,67 y RPro 4,04. En conclusión, el riego por goteo de bajo volumen de alta frecuencia en comparación con el goteo continuo permitió obtener un incremento en el rendimiento del 40,84%, un ahorro de agua del 55,73%, un ahorro de fertilizantes del 50% y el ciclo vegetativo se redujo en dos semanas

Towards sustainable partnerships in global health: the case of the CRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases in Peru.

Human capital requires opportunities to develop and capacity to overcome challenges, together with an enabling environment that fosters critical and disruptive innovation. Exploring such features is necessary to establish the foundation of solid long-term partnerships. In this paper we describe the experience of the CRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, based at Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia in Lima, Peru, as a case study for fostering meaningful and sustainable partnerships for international collaborative research. The CRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases was established in 2009 with the following Mission: "We support the development of young researchers and collaboration with national and international institutions. Our motivation is to improve population's health through high quality research." The Centre's identity is embedded in its core values - generosity, innovation, integrity, and quality- and its trajectory is a result of various interactions between multiple individuals, collaborators, teams, and institutions, which together with the challenges confronted, enables us to make an objective assessment of the partnership we would like to pursue, nurture and support. We do not intend to provide a single example of a successful partnership, but in contrast, to highlight what can be translated into opportunities to be faced by research groups based in low- and middle-income countries, and how these encounters can provide a strong platform for fruitful and sustainable partnerships. In defiant contexts, partnerships require to be nurtured and sustained. Acknowledging that all partnerships are not and should not be the same, we also need to learn from the evolution of such relationships, its key successes, hurdles and failures to contribute to the promotion of a culture of global solidarity where mutual goals, mutual gains, as well as mutual responsibilities are the norm. In so doing, we will all contribute to instil a new culture where expectations, roles and interactions among individuals and their teams are horizontal, the true nature of partnerships