410 research outputs found

    Análisis de calidad de las observaciones GPS en estaciones de operación continua de libre acceso en México

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    Se realizó la evaluación estadística-comparativa de 65 estaciones de operación continua de libre acceso en México, de enero de 2010 a enero de 2020. El análisis de calidad de las observaciones GPS se llevó a cabo mediante el software TEQC, desarrollado por UNAVCO, considerando cuatro indicadores de calidad en 6 variables: efecto multitrayectoria en la banda L1 y L2, relación señal-ruido en L1 y L2, saltos de ciclo por cada mil observaciones y porcentaje de observaciones registradas/esperadas. El resultado de cada estación se comparó con el estándar de calidad establecido por el IGS para pertenecer a su red, con la finalidad de determinar la calidad de las mismas y el grado de cumplimiento de dicho estándar. Los resultados muestran, en promedio, un grado de cumplimiento de 3.3 de las 6 variables, donde: 6 estaciones cumplen con 5 de las 6 variables; 16 estaciones con 4; 35 con 3; 6 con 2 y 2 con una variable, siendo la estación INEG la de mejor calidad excepto en los saltos de ciclo por cada mil observaciones. Así mismo, se muestra que el efecto multitrayectoria se presenta en mayor cantidad en aquellas estaciones en las que no se realizó cambio de antena, receptor o actualización de firmware, degradando principalmente la recepción de la señal en la banda L2.  A statistical comparative evaluation of 65 continuously operating, free access stations in Mexico was made. The observations were performed from January 2010 to January 2020. The quality check of the GPS observations was carried out by using TEQC software, developed by UNAVCO. Four quality indexes were considered within the quality check, with six variables: multipath effect on L1 and L2 band, percentage of registered/expected observations, signal-to-noise ratio on L1 and L2, and cycle slip per 1000 observations. The results obtained from each station were compared with the quality standard established by IGS in order to belong to its network, this with the goal of determining their quality and the level of meeting the standard. The results show, on average, a meeting 3.3 of the 6 variables, where: 6 stations meet 5 of 6 variables; 16 stations with 4; 35 stations with 3; 6 stations with 2 and 2 station with one variable, being INEG station the best in the quality check except for the cycle slips per 1000 observations. Likewise, it was shown that the multipath effect is greater in those stations that had not antenna/receiver changing or firmware update, mainly degrading the received signal on the L2 band

    Impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular testing in the United States versus the rest of the world

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    Objectives: This study sought to quantify and compare the decline in volumes of cardiovascular procedures between the United States and non-US institutions during the early phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the care of many non-COVID-19 illnesses. Reductions in diagnostic cardiovascular testing around the world have led to concerns over the implications of reduced testing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Methods: Data were submitted to the INCAPS-COVID (International Atomic Energy Agency Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19), a multinational registry comprising 909 institutions in 108 countries (including 155 facilities in 40 U.S. states), assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of diagnostic cardiovascular procedures. Data were obtained for April 2020 and compared with volumes of baseline procedures from March 2019. We compared laboratory characteristics, practices, and procedure volumes between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and between U.S. geographic regions and identified factors associated with volume reduction in the United States. Results: Reductions in the volumes of procedures in the United States were similar to those in non-U.S. facilities (68% vs. 63%, respectively; p = 0.237), although U.S. facilities reported greater reductions in invasive coronary angiography (69% vs. 53%, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly more U.S. facilities reported increased use of telehealth and patient screening measures than non-U.S. facilities, such as temperature checks, symptom screenings, and COVID-19 testing. Reductions in volumes of procedures differed between U.S. regions, with larger declines observed in the Northeast (76%) and Midwest (74%) than in the South (62%) and West (44%). Prevalence of COVID-19, staff redeployments, outpatient centers, and urban centers were associated with greater reductions in volume in U.S. facilities in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions: We observed marked reductions in U.S. cardiovascular testing in the early phase of the pandemic and significant variability between U.S. regions. The association between reductions of volumes and COVID-19 prevalence in the United States highlighted the need for proactive efforts to maintain access to cardiovascular testing in areas most affected by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection

    A922 Sequential measurement of 1 hour creatinine clearance (1-CRCL) in critically ill patients at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI)

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    Gestión del conocimiento. Perspectiva multidisciplinaria. Volumen 9

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    El libro “Gestión del Conocimiento. Perspectiva Multidisciplinaria”, volumen 9, de la Colección Unión Global, es resultado de investigaciones. Los capítulos del libro, son resultados de investigaciones desarrolladas por sus autores. El libro es una publicación internacional, seriada, continua, arbitrada de acceso abierto a todas las áreas del conocimiento, que cuenta con el esfuerzo de investigadores de varios países del mundo, orientada a contribuir con procesos de gestión del conocimiento científico, tecnológico y humanístico que consoliden la transformación del conocimiento en diferentes escenarios, tanto organizacionales como universitarios, para el desarrollo de habilidades cognitivas del quehacer diario. La gestión del conocimiento es un camino para consolidar una plataforma en las empresas públicas o privadas, entidades educativas, organizaciones no gubernamentales, ya sea generando políticas para todas las jerarquías o un modelo de gestión para la administración, donde es fundamental articular el conocimiento, los trabajadores, directivos, el espacio de trabajo, hacia la creación de ambientes propicios para el desarrollo integral de las instituciones

    Anales del III Congreso Internacional de Vivienda y Ciudad "Debate en torno a la nueva agenda urbana"

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    Acta de congresoEl III Congreso Internacional de Vivienda y Ciudad “Debates en torno a la NUEVa Agenda Urbana”, ha sido una apuesta de alto compromiso por acercar los debates centrales y urgentes que tensionan el pleno ejercicio del derecho a la ciudad. Para ello las instituciones organizadoras (INVIHAB –Instituto de Investigación de Vivienda y Hábitat y MGyDH-Maestría en Gestión y Desarrollo Habitacional-1), hemos convidado un espacio que se concretó con potencia en un debate transdisciplinario. Convocó a intelectuales de prestigio internacional, investigadores, académicos y gestores estatales, y en una metodología de innovación articuló las voces académicas con las de las organizaciones sociales y/o barriales en el Foro de las Organizaciones Sociales que tuvo su espacio propio para dar voz a quienes están trabajando en los desafíos para garantizar los derechos a la vivienda y los bienes urbanos en nuestras ciudades del Siglo XXI

    Global, regional, and national burden of disorders affecting the nervous system, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

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    BackgroundDisorders affecting the nervous system are diverse and include neurodevelopmental disorders, late-life neurodegeneration, and newly emergent conditions, such as cognitive impairment following COVID-19. Previous publications from the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factor Study estimated the burden of 15 neurological conditions in 2015 and 2016, but these analyses did not include neurodevelopmental disorders, as defined by the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-11, or a subset of cases of congenital, neonatal, and infectious conditions that cause neurological damage. Here, we estimate nervous system health loss caused by 37 unique conditions and their associated risk factors globally, regionally, and nationally from 1990 to 2021.MethodsWe estimated mortality, prevalence, years lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), with corresponding 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs), by age and sex in 204 countries and territories, from 1990 to 2021. We included morbidity and deaths due to neurological conditions, for which health loss is directly due to damage to the CNS or peripheral nervous system. We also isolated neurological health loss from conditions for which nervous system morbidity is a consequence, but not the primary feature, including a subset of congenital conditions (ie, chromosomal anomalies and congenital birth defects), neonatal conditions (ie, jaundice, preterm birth, and sepsis), infectious diseases (ie, COVID-19, cystic echinococcosis, malaria, syphilis, and Zika virus disease), and diabetic neuropathy. By conducting a sequela-level analysis of the health outcomes for these conditions, only cases where nervous system damage occurred were included, and YLDs were recalculated to isolate the non-fatal burden directly attributable to nervous system health loss. A comorbidity correction was used to calculate total prevalence of all conditions that affect the nervous system combined.FindingsGlobally, the 37 conditions affecting the nervous system were collectively ranked as the leading group cause of DALYs in 2021 (443 million, 95% UI 378–521), affecting 3·40 billion (3·20–3·62) individuals (43·1%, 40·5–45·9 of the global population); global DALY counts attributed to these conditions increased by 18·2% (8·7–26·7) between 1990 and 2021. Age-standardised rates of deaths per 100 000 people attributed to these conditions decreased from 1990 to 2021 by 33·6% (27·6–38·8), and age-standardised rates of DALYs attributed to these conditions decreased by 27·0% (21·5–32·4). Age-standardised prevalence was almost stable, with a change of 1·5% (0·7–2·4). The ten conditions with the highest age-standardised DALYs in 2021 were stroke, neonatal encephalopathy, migraine, Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, diabetic neuropathy, meningitis, epilepsy, neurological complications due to preterm birth, autism spectrum disorder, and nervous system cancer.InterpretationAs the leading cause of overall disease burden in the world, with increasing global DALY counts, effective prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation strategies for disorders affecting the nervous system are needed

    Diseño y desarrollo de un pluviógrafo semiautomático tipo Hellman

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    The construction of a semiautomatic pluviograph with low-cost materials equivalent to a Hellmann-type with siphon is proposed with the objective of acquiring pluvial precipitation (Pp) data. The development of a software application is presented for the analysis and presentation of the data. In order to automate the pluviograph, an electronic system was built based on a liquid level sensor, a time control module, and a microcontroller for an Arduino system. The system stores the data in a microSD flash memory card. The software is coded in Java and allows for the interpretation of the information captured by the electronic circuit, to consult the data registered by the pluviograph, to display tables with the description of each rain event (storm) and to generate graphs as pluviographs and hyetographs. In the test period of this prototype, a 90% accuracy was confirmed in the total measurements, which allows the use of the device in domestic and professional fields where precipitation readings are required.Se plantea la construcción de un pluviógrafo semiautomático con materiales de bajo costo equivalente a uno tipo Hellman de sifón, con el objetivo de adquirir los datos de la precipitación pluvial (Pp). Se presenta el desarrollo de una aplicación de software para el análisis y presentación de los datos. Para automatizar el pluviógrafo se construyó un sistema electrónico con base en un sensor de nivel de líquidos, un módulo de control del tiempo y un microcontrolador de un sistema arduino. El sistema almacena los datos en una tarjeta de memoria flash microSD. El software se codificó en lenguaje de programación Java y permite interpretar la información captada por el circuito electrónico, realizar consultas de los datos registrados por el pluviógrafo, desplegar tablas con la descripción de cada evento de lluvia (tormenta) y generar gráficas como pluviogramas e hietogramas. En el periodo de pruebas de este prototipo se comprobó una precisión de 90% en el total de las mediciones lo que permite el uso del dispositivo en ámbitos domésticos o profesionales donde se requiera la lectura de la precipitació

    Curing of Cellulose Hydrogels by UV Radiation for Mechanical Reinforcement

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    The use of biomaterials as a replacement for thermoplastic polymers is an environmentally sound strategy. In this work, hydrogels of cellulose isolated from wheat husk were modified by UV irradiation (353 nm) to improve mechanical performance. The cellulose was dissolved with a solvent system N,N-dimethylacetamide/lithium chloride (DMAc/LiCl). Infrared spectroscopy showed that the peak height at 1016 cm−1, associated with the C–O bonds of the glycosidic ring, increases with irradiation time. It was determined that the increase in this signal is related to photodegradation, the product of a progressive increase in exposure to UV radiation. The viscoelastic behavior, determined by dynamic mechanical analysis and rotational rheometry, was taken as the most important parameter of this research, showing that the best results are recorded with 15 min of UV treatment. Therefore, at this time or less, the chemical crosslinking is predominant over the photodegradation, producing an increase in the modules, while with 20 min the photodegradation is such that the modules suffer a significant reduction

    Realidades emergentes: Una mirada desde la comunicación educativa

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    En la diversidad de temáticas compiladas en este documento, se encuentran tres elementos que se entretejen formando una unidad. La visión de los autores de observar sus fenómenos desde la transformación y el cambio, ya sea porque se utilizan marcos de referencia que iluminan ese dinamismo, o por el surgimiento de campos de estudio que requieren mover las concepciones con que se observaron esas temáticas anteriormente. El uso de la metodología cualitativa coherente con dicha visión, en la medida que su enfoque considera que la realidad es una construcción social, donde los seres humanos somos quienes creamos y transformamos ese entorno. Y la conjugación de lo anterior, lleva a los autores a hallazgos que son pistas de realidades emergentes que son dignas para tener en cuenta en la comprensión de esas nuevas realidades y en cualquier intervención social que aborde esos fenómenos estudiados. Esperamos que disfruten los trabajos expuestos y que puedan replicar muchos elementos de los mismos, en sus investigaciones particulares. Cualquier pedazo de realidad contiene signos que merecen ser leídos con seriedad para transformar positivamente nuestro alrededor. Esa es la apuesta.Investigación AplicadaCONTENIDO Presentación............................................................................................................5 Percepciones desde las experiencias en procesos de enseñanza - aprendizaje con telepresencia en tiempo de pandemia 2020-2021 .........................................9 La familia en proceso de licuefacción: Caso la generación millennial............35 Interacciones y percepciones en procesos de mediación tecnológica. Caso: Experiencia de aprendizaje mediada a través de un grupo en WhatsApp como complemento para el desarrollo de habilidades comunicativas en un curso básico de inglés.....................................................................................................55 Realidades en pedal: Usuarios de bicicleta en el área metropolitana del Valle de Aburrá..............................................................................................................69 Los fundamentos sígnicos del sonido en la obra audiovisual: Una ruta semiótica hacia la terceridad................................................................................................83 Investígrafos. Una experiencia transmedia en fotoensayo. Caso: Facultad de Comunicación Audiovisual, Politécnico Colombiano Jaime Isaza Cadavid ..9
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