Bases of the PAH (Movement of Mortgage Victims): activism, collective advice and nonviolent civil disobedience

Aquest article recull alguns dels resultats i conclusions procedents de dos estudis desenvolupats en els darrers mesos dedicats a la mobilització social des de la Plataforma d’Afectats per la Hipoteca (PAH) pel dret a l’habitatge. En tots dos casos s’ha optat per treballar amb una perspectiva qualitativa a partir d’entrevistes a persones vinculades principalment a les PAH de Barcelona, Terrassa i Sabadell. Centrem les conclusions en dos aspectes que considerem essencials per entendre l’origen d’aquesta mobilització, el seu desenvolupament i l’impacte que està tenint: la importància de les persones activistes en la creació de la PAH i el procés de desenvolupament del projecte amb la participació activa de les persones que s’hi apropen inicialment en la seva condició d’afectades i l’activisme que seran capaces de posar en pràctica.Este artículo recoge algunas de los resultados y conclusiones provenientes de dos investigaciones desarrolladas en los últimos meses dedicadas a la movilización social desde la Plataforma de Afectados por la Hipoteca (PAH) por el derecho a la vivienda. En ambos casos se ha optado por trabajar con una perspectiva cualitativa a partir de entrevistas a personas vinculadas principalmente a las PAH de Barcelona, Terrassa, Sabadell. Centramos las conclusiones en dos aspectos que consideramos esenciales para entender el origen de esta movilización, su desarrollo y el impacto que está teniendo: la importancia de las personas activistas en la creación de la PAH y el proceso de desarrollo del proyecto con la participación activa de las personas que se aproximan inicialmente en su condición de afectadas y el activismo que serán capaces de poner en práctica.This paper presents some of the results and conclusions that emerge from two recent studies of social mobilization in relation to the right to housing by the PAH Movement of Mortgage Victims. In both cases the researchers chose to work from a perspective based on qualitative interviews with individuals linked mainly to PAH in Barcelona, Terrassa and Sabadell. Our findings focus on two aspects that we regard as essential to understanding the origin of this mobilization, its development and its impact: on one hand, the importance of activists in the creation of PAH and the process of its development with the active participation of people who initially became involved when they were personally threatened with eviction, and on the other the activism they were able to put into practice

Organic free radicals as circularly polarized luminescence

Chiroptical properties of two chiral atropisomers of propeller‐like trityl‐based radical derivatives have been analyzed. A new absolute configuration (AC) assignment has been made, according to the combination of experimental and theoretical data. In this sense, their ACs have been determined through the comparison of the Cotton effects recorded by electronic circular dichroism (ECD) with the theoretical ECD of the open shell structures obtained by TD‐DFT calculations. Finally, their circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) responses have been addressed. Remarkably, this is the first description of organic free radicals as intrinsic CPL emitters. Opposite signed CPL has been detected for each pair of conformers, with acceptable luminescent dissymmetry factors (|glum|≈0.5–0.8×10−3) considering their pure organic nature. In fact, highly efficient chiral emissions have been demonstrated, according to the comparison of |glum| with their respective absorption anisotropy factors (|gabs|). This pioneering study lays the foundations for the optimization of new magnetically active organic chiral emitters.The authors are grateful for the financial support received from: MOTHER (MAT2016-80826-R) granted by the DGI (Spain), GenCat (2017-SGR-918) financed by DGR (Catalunya) and the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, through the “Severo Ochoa” Programme for Centres of Excellence in R&D (SEV-2015-0496) and through the “Proyecto interdisciplinar de frontera“, FIP-2018 HECTIC-PTM. We acknowledge the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (ERC-2015-STG-677023). This study has been also supported by the Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), an initiative funded by the VI National R&D&I Plan 2008-2011, Iniciativa Ingenio 2010, Consolider Program, CIBER Actions and financed by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III with assistance from the European Regional Development Fund. P. M. B. gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Juan de la Cierva-Formación 2015 programme (FJCI-2015-23577) supported by MINECO. A. G. C. also thanks RyC-2013-12943 contract from MINECO. We also acknowledge Prof. O. Trapp for kindly suppling the DCxplorer software

An Enantiopure Propeller‐Like Trityl‐Brominated Radical: Bringing Together a High Racemization Barrier and an Efficient Circularly Polarized Luminescent Magnetic Emitter

A new persistent organic free radical has been synthetized with Br atoms occupying the ortho‐ and para‐positions of a trityl core. After the isolation of its two propeller‐like atropisomers, Plus (P) and minus (M), their absolute configurations were assigned by a combination of theoretical and experimental data. Remarkably, no hints of racemization were observed up to 60 °C for more than two hours, due to the higher steric hindrance imposed by the bulky Br atoms. Therefore, when compared to its chlorinated homologue (t1/2=18 s at 60 °C), an outstanding stability against racemization was achieved. A circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) response of both enantiomers was detected. This free radical shows a satisfactory luminescent dissymmetry factor (|glum(592 nm)|≈0.7×10−3) despite its pure organic nature and low luminescence quantum yield (LQY). Improved organic magnetic CPL emitters derived from the reported structure can be envisaged thanks to the wide possibilities that Br atoms at para‐positions offer for further functionalization.The authors are grateful for the financial support received from: MOTHER project (MAT2016-80826-R) granted by the DGI (Spain), GenCat (2017-SGR-918) financed by DGR (Catalunya) and the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (PGC2018-095808-B-I00 and PGC2018-101181-B-I00 projects) and through the “Severo Ochoa” Programme for Centres of Excellence in R&D (SEV-2015-0496) and through the “Proyecto Interdisciplinar de Frontera“, FIP-2018 HECTIC-PTM. We acknowledge the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (ERC-2015-STG-677023). This study has been also supported by the Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), an initiative funded by the VI National R&D&I Plan 2008-2011, Iniciativa Ingenio 2010, Consolider Program, CIBER Actions and financed by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III with assistance from the European Regional Development Fund. P. M. B. gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Juan de la Cierva-Formación 2015 programme (FJCI-2015-23577) supported by MINECO and, together with J.V, A. G. C. also thanks RyC-2013-12943 contract from MINECO. We also thankthe Servei de Ressonància Magnètica Nuclear, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, for allocating instrument time to this project

Fundamentos de la Plataforma de Afectados por la Hipoteca: activismo, asesoramiento colectivo y desobediencia civil no violenta

Este artículo recoge algunos de los resultados y conclusiones provenientes de dos investigaciones desarrolladas en los últimos meses dedicadas a la movilización social desde la Plataforma de Afectados por la Hipoteca (PAH) por el derecho a la vivienda. En ambos casos se ha optado por trabajar con una perspectiva cualitativa a partir de entrevistas a personas vinculadas principalmente a las PAH de Barcelona, Terrassa, Sabadell. Centramos las conclusiones en dos aspectos que consideramos esenciales para entender el origen de esta movilización, su desarrollo y el impacto que está teniendo: la importancia de las personas activistas en la creación de la PAH y el proceso de desarrollo del proyecto con la participación activa de las personas que se aproximan inicialmente en su condición de afectadas y el activismo que serán capaces de poner en práctica

Allocation of Ambipolar Charges on an Organic Diradical with a Vinylene–Phenylenediyne Bridge

Two redox and magnetically active perchlorotriphenylmethyl (•PTM) radical units have been connected as end-capping groups to a bis(phenylene)diyne chain through vinylene linkers. Negative and positive charged species have been generated, and the influence of the bridge on their stabilization is discussed. Partial reduction of the electron-withdrawing •PTM radicals results in a class-II mixed-valence system with the negative charge located on the terminal PTM units, proving the efficiency of the conjugated chain for the electron transport between the two terminal sites. Counterintuitively, the oxidation process does not occur along the electron-rich bridge but on the vinylene units. The •PTM radicals play a key role in the stabilization of the cationic species, promoting the generation of quinoidal ring segments

Camouflaged Holes Assist Negative Charge Motion in Radical-Anion Molecular Wires

Charge transfer in molecular wires over varying distances is a subject of great interest in the field of molecular electronics. By increasing the distance between the electroactive centers, transport mechanisms generally accounted for on the basis of tunneling or superexchange operating over small distances, progressively gives way to hopping assisted transport. However, the underlying molecular sequential steps that likely take place during hopping and the operative mechanism occurring at intermediate distances have received much less attention given the difficulty in assessing detailed molecular-level information. We describe here the operating mechanisms for unimolecular electron transfer in the ground state of radical-anion mixed-valence derivatives occurring between their terminal perchlorotriphenylmethyl/ide groups through thiophene-vinylene oligomers that act as conjugated wires of increasing length up to 30 Å. In this sense, while in the shorter radical-anions a flickering resonance mechanism is the operative one, in the larger molecular wires, as a unique finding, the net transport of the electron is assisted by an electron-hole delocalization.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Operative Mechanism of Hole-Assisted Negative Charge Motion in Ground States of Radical-Anion Molecular Wires

Charge transfer/transport in molecular wires over varying distances is a subject of great interest. The feasible transport mechanisms have been generally accounted for on the basis of tunneling or superexchange charge transfer operating over small distances which progressively gives way to hopping transport over larger distances. The underlying molecular sequential steps that likely take place during hopping and the operative mechanism occurring at inter mediate distances have received much less attention given the difficulty in assessing detailed molecular-level information. We describe here the operating mechanisms for unimolecular electron transfer/transport in the ground state of radical-anion mixed-valence derivatives occurring between their terminal perchlorotriphenylmethyl/ide groups through thiophene−vinylene oligomers that act as conjugated wires of increasing length up to 53 Å. The unique finding here is that the net transport of the electron in the larger molecular wires is initiated by an electron− hole dissociation intermediated by hole delocalization (conformationally assisted and thermally dependent) forming transient mobile polaronic states in the bridge that terminate by an electron−hole recombination at the other wire extreme. On the contrary, for the shorter radical-anions our results suggest that a flickering resonance mechanism which is intermediate between hopping and superexchange is the operative one. We support these mechanistic interpretations by applying the pertinent biased kinetic models of the charge/spin exchange rates determined by electron paramagnetic resonance and by molecular structural level information obtained from UV−vis and Raman spectroscopies and by quantum chemical modeling

Adjunctive rifampicin for Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia (ARREST): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia is a common cause of severe community-acquired and hospital-acquired infection worldwide. We tested the hypothesis that adjunctive rifampicin would reduce bacteriologically confirmed treatment failure or disease recurrence, or death, by enhancing early S aureus killing, sterilising infected foci and blood faster, and reducing risks of dissemination and metastatic infection. METHODS: In this multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, adults (≥18 years) with S aureus bacteraemia who had received ≤96 h of active antibiotic therapy were recruited from 29 UK hospitals. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) via a computer-generated sequential randomisation list to receive 2 weeks of adjunctive rifampicin (600 mg or 900 mg per day according to weight, oral or intravenous) versus identical placebo, together with standard antibiotic therapy. Randomisation was stratified by centre. Patients, investigators, and those caring for the patients were masked to group allocation. The primary outcome was time to bacteriologically confirmed treatment failure or disease recurrence, or death (all-cause), from randomisation to 12 weeks, adjudicated by an independent review committee masked to the treatment. Analysis was intention to treat. This trial was registered, number ISRCTN37666216, and is closed to new participants. FINDINGS: Between Dec 10, 2012, and Oct 25, 2016, 758 eligible participants were randomly assigned: 370 to rifampicin and 388 to placebo. 485 (64%) participants had community-acquired S aureus infections, and 132 (17%) had nosocomial S aureus infections. 47 (6%) had meticillin-resistant infections. 301 (40%) participants had an initial deep infection focus. Standard antibiotics were given for 29 (IQR 18-45) days; 619 (82%) participants received flucloxacillin. By week 12, 62 (17%) of participants who received rifampicin versus 71 (18%) who received placebo experienced treatment failure or disease recurrence, or died (absolute risk difference -1·4%, 95% CI -7·0 to 4·3; hazard ratio 0·96, 0·68-1·35, p=0·81). From randomisation to 12 weeks, no evidence of differences in serious (p=0·17) or grade 3-4 (p=0·36) adverse events were observed; however, 63 (17%) participants in the rifampicin group versus 39 (10%) in the placebo group had antibiotic or trial drug-modifying adverse events (p=0·004), and 24 (6%) versus six (2%) had drug interactions (p=0·0005). INTERPRETATION: Adjunctive rifampicin provided no overall benefit over standard antibiotic therapy in adults with S aureus bacteraemia. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment

Educación social : revista de intervención socioeducativa

Resumen basado en el de la publicación. Resumen en inglés y catalán. Monográfico con el título: Crisis, movimientos sociales y transformación socialSe recogen algunos de los resultados y conclusiones provenientes de dos investigaciones desarrolladas en los últimos meses dedicadas a la movilización social desde la Plataforma de Afectados por la Hipoteca (PAH) por el derecho a la vivienda. Se ha optado por trabajar con una perspectiva cualitativa a partir de entrevistas a personas vinculadas principalmente a las PAH de Barcelona, Terrassa y Sabadell. Las conclusiones presentadas se centran en dos aspectos que los autores consideran esenciales para entender el origen de esta movilización, su desarrollo y el impacto que está teniendo: la importancia de las personas activistas en la creación de la PAH y el proceso de desarrollo del proyecto con la participación activa de las personas que se aproximan inicialmente en su condición de afectadas y el activismo que serán capaces de poner en prácticaES

Bis(aminoaryl) Carbon-Bridged Oligo(phenylenevinylene)s Expand the Limits of Electronic Couplings

Carbon-bridged bis(aminoaryl) oligo(para-phenylenevinylene)s have been prepared and their optical, electrochemical, and structural properties analyzed. Their radical cations are class III and class II mixed-valence systems, depending on the molecular size, and they show electronic couplings which are among the largest for the self-exchange reaction of purely organic molecules. In their dication states, the antiferromagnetic coupling is progressively tuned with size from quinoidal closed-shell to open-shell biradicals. The data prove that the electronic coupling in the radical cations and the singlet–triplet gap in the dications show similar small attenuation factors, thus allowing charge/spin transfer over rather large distances. ·We thank MINECO of the Spanish Government (CTQ2015- 69391-P, CTQ2013-40480-R and MAT2015-66856-R) for their support. We also thank the Research Central Services (SCAI) of the University of M#laga. This work is partially supported by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (16H04106 to HTand 15H05754 to EN) and the Strategic Promotion of Innovative Research, JST (to EN) from MEXT, Japan. M.H. and C.L. are grateful to the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft for supporting this work (GRK 2112).Peer reviewe