135 research outputs found
Combined Release of Antiseptic and Antibiotic Drugs from Visible Light Polymerized Biodegradable Nanocomposite Hydrogels for Periodontitis Treatment.
The in situ application of the combination of different types of drugs revolutionized the area of periodontal therapy. The purpose of this study was to develop nanocomposite hydrogel (NCHG) as a pH-sensitive drug delivery system. To achieve local applicability of the NCHG in dental practice, routinely used blue-light photopolymerization was chosen for preparation. The setting time was 60 s, which resulted in stable hydrogel structures. Universal Britton-Robinson buffer solutions were used to investigate the effect of pH in the range 4-12 on the release of drugs that can be used in the periodontal pocket. Metronidazole was released from the NCHGs within 12 h, but chlorhexidine showed a much longer elution time with strong pH dependence, which lasted more than 7 days as it was corroborated by the bactericidal effect. The biocompatibility of the NCHGs was proven by Alamar-blue test and the effectiveness of drug release in the acidic medium was also demonstrated. This fast photo-polymerizable NCHG can help to establish a locally applicable combined drug delivery system which can be loaded with the required amount of medicines and can reduce the side effects of the systemic use of drugs that have to be used in high doses to reach an ideal concentration locally
Novel Anti-Microbial Peptides of Xenorhabdus Origin Against Multidrug Resistant Plant Pathogens
Catches of Euxoa tritici in pheromone traps for Anarsia lineatella are due to the presence of (Z)-5-decenyl acetate as an impurity
Traps baited with the synthetic pheromone of Anarsia lineatella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) frequently captured also Euxoa tritici L. males (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in field tests in Hungary. As (E)-monounsaturated compounds are uncommon among sex attractants or pheromone components of Noctuidae, it was hypothesized that the Euxoa catches may have been due to impurities of the (Z) isomer in synthetic (E)-5-decenyl acetate, which is the major component in the pheromone lure of A. lineatella. Traps baited with synthetic (Z)-5-decenyl acetate captured large numbers of E. tritici, and the compound showed a clear dose-response effect. Reanalysis of the synthetic batch of (E)-5-decenyl acetate used in preparation of the A. lineatella lure showed the presence of 10% of the (Z) isomer. Traps baited with synthetic (Z)-5-decenyl acetate can be used in the future for detection and monitoring purposes of E. tritici, a widely distributed pest of cereals and other field crops. The compound also showed attraction of Euxoa seliginis Duponchel
Secondary correction of nasal deformities in cleft lip and palate patients: surgical technique and outcome evaluation
Phase-locked inhibition, but not excitation, underlies hippocampal ripple oscillations in awake mice in vivo
[[abstract]]Sharp wave-ripple (SWR) oscillations play a key role in memory consolidation during non-rapid eye movement sleep, immobility, and consummatory behavior. However, whether temporally modulated synaptic excitation or inhibition underlies the ripples is controversial. To address this question, we performed simultaneous recordings of excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs and IPSCs) and local field potentials (LFPs) in the CA1 region of awake mice in vivo. During SWRs, inhibition dominated over excitation, with a peak conductance ratio of 4.1 ± 0.5. Furthermore, the amplitude of SWR-associated IPSCs was positively correlated with SWR magnitude, whereas that of EPSCs was not. Finally, phase analysis indicated that IPSCs were phase-locked to individual ripple cycles, whereas EPSCs were uniformly distributed in phase space. Optogenetic inhibition indicated that PV+ interneurons provided a major contribution to SWR-associated IPSCs. Thus, phasic inhibition, but not excitation, shapes SWR oscillations in the hippocampal CA1 region in vivo
The Drug Candidate BGP-15 Delays the Onset of Diastolic Dysfunction in the Goto-Kakizaki Rat Model of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy
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Monoacylglycerol lipase inhibition-induced changes in plasma corticosterone levels, anxiety and locomotor activity in male CD1 mice
The hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal-axis is strongly controlled by the endocannabinoid system. The specific impact of enhanced 2-arachidonoylglycerol signaling on corticosterone plasma levels, however, was not investigated so far. Here we studied the effects of the recently developed monoacylglycerol lipase inhibitor JZL184 on basal and stress-induced corticosterone levels in male CD1 mice, and found that this compound dramatically increased basal levels without affecting stress responses. Since acute changes in corticosterone levels can affect behavior, JZL184 was administered concurrently with the corticosterone synthesis inhibitor metyrapone, to investigate whether the previously shown behavioral effects of JZL184 are dependent on corticosterone. We found that in the elevated plus-maze, the effects of JZL184 on "classical" anxiety-related measures were abolished by corticosterone synthesis blockade. By contrast, effects on the "ethological" measures of anxiety (i.e. risk assessment) were not affected by metyrapone. In the open-field, the locomotion-enhancing effects of the compound were not changed either. These findings show that monoacylglycerol lipase inhibition dramatically increases basal levels of corticosterone. This endocrine effect partly affects the anxiolytic, but not the locomotion-enhancing effects of monoacylglycerol lipase blockade
Spatially resolving polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Herbig Ae disks with VISIR-NEAR at the VLT
We use the long-slit spectroscopy mode of the VISIR-NEAR experiment to
perform diffraction-limited observations of eight nearby Herbig Ae
protoplanetary disks. We extract spectra for various locations along the slit
with a spectral resolution of R = 300 and perform a compositional fit at each
spatial location using spectral templates of silicates and the four PAH bands.
This yields the intensity vs. location profiles of each species. Results. We
could obtain spatially-resolved intensity profiles of the PAH emission features
in the N-band for five objects (AB Aurigae, HD 97048, HD 100546, HD 163296, and
HD 169142). We observe two kinds of PAH emission geometry in our sample:
centrally-peaked (HD 97048) and ring-like (AB Aurigae, HD 100546, HD 163296,
and potentially HD 169142). Comparing the spatial PAH emission profiles with
near-infrared scattered light images, we find a strong correlation in the disk
sub-structure but a difference in radial intensity decay rate. The PAH emission
shows a less steep decline with distance from the star. Finally, we find a
correlation between the presence of (sub-) micron-sized silicate grains leading
to the depletion of PAH emission within the inner regions of the disks. In this
work, we find the following: (1) PAH emission traces the extent of Herbig Ae
disks to a considerable radial distance. (2) The correlation between silicate
emission within the inner regions of disks and the depletion of PAH emission
can result from dust-mixing and PAH coagulation mechanisms and competition over
UV photons. (3) For all objects in our sample, PAHs undergo stochastic heating
across the entire spatial extent of the disk and are not saturated. (4) The
difference in radial intensity decay rates between the PAHs and scattered-light
profiles may be attributed to shadowing and dust-settling effects, which affect
the scattering grains more than the PAHs
Prone versus supine position for adjuvant breast radiotherapy: a prospective study in patients with pendulous breasts
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