Protection of Domestic Violence Victims Under the New York City Human Rights Law\u27s Provisions Prohibiting Discrimination on the Basis of Disability

This Article analyzes the need to create a new protected class of domestic violence victims to shield them from discrimination in employment. The Article examines arguments for and against proposed legislation to revise the human rights law governing disability, section 8-107 of the New York City Administration Code. The Article concludes that this legislation is unnecessary because the law already provides sufficient protection to domestic violence victims without requiring that victims disclose their domestic violence status to their employers

Conocimiento sobre la higiene de manos en enfermeras y enfermeros del Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Ferrol

[Resumen] Introducción: Las infecciones relacionadas con la atención sanitaria constituyen un problema de salud a nivel mundial, generando un aumento de la mortalidad y morbilidad de los pacientes hospitalizados. Las manos del personal sanitario son el principal vehículo de transporte de microorganismos, y es la higiene de manos la estrategia universal más sencilla, eficaz y económica para prevenir la transmisión de infecciones. A pesar de ello, las tasas de cumplimiento son muy bajas. Objetivos: Determinar el conocimiento de las enfermeras y enfermeros del Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Ferrol (CHUF) según las directrices de la Organización Mundial de la Salud para la higiene de manos. Averiguar si existe relación entre los conocimientos y los factores sociodemográficos, así como con la formación previa y la experiencia laboral. Metodología: Proyecto de estudio observacional, descriptivo de corte transversal realizado por medio del cuestionario validado, “Cuestionario acerca de los conocimientos sobre la higiene de las manos destinado a los profesionales sanitarios”, que evalúa los conocimientos de los enfermeros y enfermeras de las directrices sobre la higiene de manos de la OMS. La muestra poblacional necesaria para la realización del estudio será de 323 enfermeros y enfermeras del CHUF, previa aceptación, a participar en el mismo (α=0,05; p=50%; precisión=3%; pérdidas=15%). Aplicabilidad: Una vez finalizado el estudio, y dependiendo de sus resultados, se podrán desarrollar estrategias de mejora en el conocimiento de la higiene de manos y así obtener mejores resultados que redundarán en beneficios para los pacientes y el sistema sanitario. Aspectos ético-legales: Se solicitarán permisos al Comité Autonómico de Ética de Investigación Clínica de Galicia y a la Xerencia de Xestión Integrada de Ferrol. Se entregará hoja de consentimiento informado a los participantes. Se respetará la Declaración de Helsinki, el Convenio de Oviedo y las recomendaciones del documento de conflicto de interés del Servicio Galego de Saúde, así como la Ley Orgánica de Protección de Datos.[Resumo] Introdución: As infeccións relacionadas coa atención sanitaria constituen un problema de saúde a nivel mundial, xerando un aumento da mortalidade e morbilidade dos pacientes hospitalizados. As mans do personal sanitario son o principal vehículo de transporte de microorganismos, e é a hixiene de mans a estratexia universal máis sinxela, eficaz e económica para previr a transmisión de infeccións. A pesar disto, as tasas de cumprimento son moi baixas. Obxetivos: Determinar o coñecemento das enfermeiras e enfermeiros do Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Ferrol (CHUF) según as directrices da Organización Mundial da Saúde para a hixiene de mans. Averiguar se existe relación entre os coñecementos e os factores sociodemográficos, así como coa formación previa e a experiencia laboral. Metodoloxía: Proxecto de estudo observacional, descritivo de corte transversal realizado por medio do cuestionario, “Cuestionario acerca dos coñecementos sobre a hixiene de mans destinado aos profesionais sanitarios”, que avalia os coñecementos dos enfermeiros e enfermeiras das directrices sobre a hixiene de mans da OMS. A mostra poboacional necesaria para a realización do estudo será de 323 enfermeiros e enfermeiras do CHUF, previa aceptación, a participar no mesmo (α=0,05; p=50%: precisión=3%; perdas=15%). Aplicabilidade: Unha vez rematado o estudo, e dependendo dos seus resultados, poderán desenvolverse estratexias de mellora no coñecemento da hixiene de mans e así obter mellores resultados que redundarán en beneficio para os pacientes e o sistema sanitario. Aspectos ético-legais: solicitaránse permisos ao Comité Autonómico de Ética de Investigación Clínica de Galicia e á Xerencia de Xestión Integrada de Ferrol. Entregaráse folla de consentimento informado aos participantes. Respetarase a Declaración de Helsinki, o Convenio de Oviedo e as recomendacións do documento de conflicto de interese do Servicio Galego de Saúde, así coma a Ley Orgánica de Protección de Datos.[Abstract] Introduction: Health care-associated infections are a global health problem, generating an increase in mortality and morbidity of hospitalized patients. The hands of the health personnel are the main vehicle for transporting microorganisms, and hand hygiene is the simplest, most effective and economical universal strategy to prevent the transmission of infections. Despite this, compliance rates are very low. Objectives: Determine the knowledge of nurses of the CHUF according to WHO guidelines for hand hygiene. To find out if there is a relation between knowledge hand and sociodemographic factors, as well as with previous training and work experience. Methodology: Observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study project using the WHO validated questionnaire “Hand hygiene knowledge questionnaire for health-care workers”, which evaluates the nurses´ knowledge of the WHO hand hygiene guidelines. The population sample necessary to carry out the study will be 323 nurses of the CHUF, upon acceptance, to participate in it (α=0.05; p=50%; precision=3%; looses=15%). Applicability: once the study is completed, and depending on the results, strategies for improvement in the knowledge of hand hygiene can be developed and obtain better results that will benefit patients and the health system. Ethical-Legal aspects: The permission will be requested from the Autonomic Committee for Clinical Research Ethics of Galicia, as well as the management integrated of Ferrol. An informed consent will be given to the participants. In addition, the Declaration of Helsinki, Oviedo Convention and the recommendations of the document of conflict of interest by the Galician Health Service, as well as the Organic Law of Data Protection will be respected.Traballo fin de grao (UDC.FEP). Enfermaría. Curso 2017/201

Auditoría ambiental: nuevos caminos en el control externo.

El Estado, así como la sociedad, viene sufriendo diversas alteraciones. Consciente de estos cambios la auditoria gubernamental también pasa por un proceso de transformación. Entre las innumerables áreas a controlar, surge un nuevo campo que la auditoria gubernamental debe explotar: el Medio Ambiente. Lejos de la pretensión de agotar el asunto, el presente estudio trata de demostrar la aplicabilidad de una auditoria ambiental en el ámbito de una Entidad de Fiscalización Superior (EFS). Para ello, se presenta un caso práctico aplicado a las áreas protegidas de diez Parques Naturales, examinados por completo.Auditoría ambiental, Entidad de Fiscalización Superior (EFS).

Hacer educación social desde la biblioteca pública: una experiencia personal

El present article recull l’experiència personal (dins del context professional) d’una educadora social en l’àmbit de les biblioteques públiques. Pretén recollir vivències, aprenentatges i reflexions que han tingut lloc durant els últims cinc anys de desenvolupament de la meva tasca professional al Servei Municipal de Biblioteques de A Coruña (SMB), així com un breu panorama d’algunes tasques bibliotecàries que he anat duent a la pràctica des de la perspectiva de l’educació social.The article that follows is a summary of my personal experience (within the professional context) as a social educator working in the public libraries system, by way of a selection of the encounters, learning and reflection from the last five years of my work in the Municipal Library Service (SMB) in A Coruña, and a brief overview of some of the library tasks I have been engaged in from the perspective of social education.El artículo que viene a continuación es la experiencia personal (dentro del contexto profesional) de una educadora social en el ámbito de las bibliotecas públicas. Pretende recoger vivencias, aprendizajes y reflexiones que han tenido lugar durante los últimos cinco años de desempeño de mi labor profesional en el Servicio Municipal de Bibliotecas de A Coruña (SMB), así como un breve panorama de algunas labores bibliotecarias que he ido desarrollando desde la perspectiva de la educación social

The role of curtailment versus efficiency on spillovers among pro-environmental behaviors: Evidence from two towns in Granada, Spain

In this paper we explore the existence of behavioral consistency between individuals' pro-environmental attitudes and behaviors in related domains (cross-domain), distinguishing between the following two types of behaviors that the literature has identified as entailing different levels of sacrifice on the part of the individual: curtailment, i.e., implying the adoption of daily habits, and efficiency behaviors, i.e., installation of efficient devices. Using a dataset on bottled water demand from two cities in southern Spain, we find evidence of behavioral consistency between the undertaking of certain pro-environmental habits related to household water consumption and the decision to consume (or not) bottled water. These effects are found only when curtailment behaviors are considered, but not in relation to efficiency behaviors. Moreover, our results suggest that policies fostering pro-environmental habits could prove more successful than the ones promoting pro-environmental attitudes or awareness. These results have important implications for the design of environmental campaigns and rebate programs.Marta Suárez-Varela gratefully acknowledges the financial support of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and the European Regional Development Fund (project ECO2016-75237-R). Ariel Dinar would like to acknowledge support from the NIFA Multistate Project W3190 “Management and Policy Challenges in a Water-Scarce World”

The effect of food crises on international migration

Artículo de revistaIn the current global setting of rising food prices and growing food insecurity, this article analyses how food crises affect forced international migration. According to the results obtained from a structural gravity model, food crises lead to a significant increase in the number of forced international migrants, although the intensity of the effect depends on the severity of the crisis. Thus, mild crises trigger a higher increase in the number of international migrants, but this effect eases as they become more severe. Further, when faced by more severe crises, international migrants are more likely to head for developing countries. This is because food crises prompt migrants to use more of their resources to cover their basic food needs, limiting their ability to migrate, especially to destinations that entail higher costs such as developed countries

Cytotoxicity of BP-3 and BP-4: Blockage of Extrusion Pumps, Oxidative Damage and Programmed Cell Death on Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Financiado para publicación en acceso aberto: Universidade da Coruña/CISUG[Abstract] The health concern associated with the dangers related to exposure to UV radiation has led to an increase in the use of sunscreens containing UV-filters that can reach aquatic environments and possibly affect ecosystems. Benzophenone-3 (BP-3) and benzophenone-4 (BP-4) are two of the most used UV-filters. In the present work, the microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was exposed to several concentrations of both chemicals. To evaluate their potential cytotoxicity on microalgal cells, different parameters were analysed including fast response biomarkers (increase in intracellular free Ca2+) as well as biomarkers related with the presence of oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation), energy metabolism (photosynthetic yield and cytoplasmic lipid accumulations), cell division (proliferation and F-actin content), programmed cell death (PCD) (caspase activation and DNA fragmentation) and possible mechanisms of resistance to xenobiotics (operation of extrusion pumps and presence of autophagic vacuoles). Results showed an increment of the percentage of cells with cytosolic free Ca2+ that could act as a secondary messenger in response to the stress. A decrease in photosynthetic yield and an increase in cytoplasmic lipid accumulations and lipid peroxidation levels were also detected. In addition, a decrease in cell proliferation was observed, linked to a decrease in the percentage of cells with F-actin. The increase observed in the microalgal population with caspase activity, together with the DNA fragmentation and the alterations in the cytoskeleton, suggested the induction of processes linked to PCD. Moreover, a blockage of extrusion pumps, which could be related to the toxicity mechanism of these compounds, and an increase in autophagic vacuoles, as an attempt to repair the damage caused by benzophenones, were detected. Overall, these biomarkers indicate that both UV-filters can be a serious threat to non-target photosynthetic microorganisms in aquatic environments, although BP-3 affected C. reinhardtii more markedly.This research has been funded by Spanish “Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad” (CTM2017- 88668-R). M. S. and M. E. were funded by a grant from “Diputación Provincial de A Coruña

The potential global effects and transmission channels of a slowdown in Chinese growth

Rationale Having picked up following the end of the zero-COVID policy, Chinese economic activity is now slowing. This comes against a backdrop of, inter alia, increased uncertainty related to difficulties in the domestic real estate sector. This article examines and quantifies the different channels through which a potential slowdown in the Chinese economy could affect activity and inflation levels in the world’s major economies. Takeaways • A growth slowdown in China, partly linked to problems in its real estate sector, could pose a downside risk to activity levels in the world’s major economies. • This impact would be felt, with varying intensity, through various channels: trade, commodities and international financial markets. • In the euro area, a temporary slowdown in Chinese economic activity of 1 percentage point (pp) would reduce GDP growth by 0.1 pp in the first year, while lowering inflation by 0.4 pp

Ceramide Kinase inhibition blocks IGF-1-mediated survival of otic neurosensory progenitors by impairing AKT phosphorylation

Sphingolipids are bioactive lipid components of cell membranes with important signal transduction functions in health and disease. Ceramide is the central building block for sphingolipid biosynthesis and is processed to form structurally and functionally distinct sphingolipids. Ceramide can be phosphorylated by ceramide kinase (CERK) to generate ceramide-1-phosphate, a cytoprotective signaling molecule that has been widely studied in multiple tissues and organs, including the developing otocyst. However, little is known about ceramide kinase regulation during inner ear development. Using chicken otocysts, we show that genes for CERK and other enzymes of ceramide metabolism are expressed during the early stages of inner ear development and that CERK is developmentally regulated at the otic vesicle stage. To explore its role in inner ear morphogenesis, we blocked CERK activity in organotypic cultures of otic vesicles with a specific inhibitor. Inhibition of CERK activity impaired proliferation and promoted apoptosis of epithelial otic progenitors. CERK inhibition also compromised neurogenesis of the acoustic-vestibular ganglion. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is a key factor for proliferation, survival and differentiation in the chicken otocyst. CERK inhibition decreased IGF-1-induced AKT phosphorylation and blocked IGF-1-induced cell survival. Overall, our data suggest that CERK is activated as a central element in the network of anti-apoptotic pro-survival pathways elicited by IGF-1 during early inner ear development.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, project FEDER/SAF2017-86107-R to IVN and MM.Peer reviewe