Effectiveness of a national quality improvement programme to improve survival after emergency abdominal surgery (EPOCH): a stepped-wedge cluster-randomised trial

Background: Emergency abdominal surgery is associated with poor patient outcomes. We studied the effectiveness of a national quality improvement (QI) programme to implement a care pathway to improve survival for these patients. Methods: We did a stepped-wedge cluster-randomised trial of patients aged 40 years or older undergoing emergency open major abdominal surgery. Eligible UK National Health Service (NHS) hospitals (those that had an emergency general surgical service, a substantial volume of emergency abdominal surgery cases, and contributed data to the National Emergency Laparotomy Audit) were organised into 15 geographical clusters and commenced the QI programme in a random order, based on a computer-generated random sequence, over an 85-week period with one geographical cluster commencing the intervention every 5 weeks from the second to the 16th time period. Patients were masked to the study group, but it was not possible to mask hospital staff or investigators. The primary outcome measure was mortality within 90 days of surgery. Analyses were done on an intention-to-treat basis. This study is registered with the ISRCTN registry, number ISRCTN80682973. Findings: Treatment took place between March 3, 2014, and Oct 19, 2015. 22 754 patients were assessed for elegibility. Of 15 873 eligible patients from 93 NHS hospitals, primary outcome data were analysed for 8482 patients in the usual care group and 7374 in the QI group. Eight patients in the usual care group and nine patients in the QI group were not included in the analysis because of missing primary outcome data. The primary outcome of 90-day mortality occurred in 1210 (16%) patients in the QI group compared with 1393 (16%) patients in the usual care group (HR 1·11, 0·96–1·28). Interpretation: No survival benefit was observed from this QI programme to implement a care pathway for patients undergoing emergency abdominal surgery. Future QI programmes should ensure that teams have both the time and resources needed to improve patient care. Funding: National Institute for Health Research Health Services and Delivery Research Programme

Effectiveness of a national quality improvement programme to improve survival after emergency abdominal surgery (EPOCH): a stepped-wedge cluster-randomised trial

BACKGROUND: Emergency abdominal surgery is associated with poor patient outcomes. We studied the effectiveness of a national quality improvement (QI) programme to implement a care pathway to improve survival for these patients. METHODS: We did a stepped-wedge cluster-randomised trial of patients aged 40 years or older undergoing emergency open major abdominal surgery. Eligible UK National Health Service (NHS) hospitals (those that had an emergency general surgical service, a substantial volume of emergency abdominal surgery cases, and contributed data to the National Emergency Laparotomy Audit) were organised into 15 geographical clusters and commenced the QI programme in a random order, based on a computer-generated random sequence, over an 85-week period with one geographical cluster commencing the intervention every 5 weeks from the second to the 16th time period. Patients were masked to the study group, but it was not possible to mask hospital staff or investigators. The primary outcome measure was mortality within 90 days of surgery. Analyses were done on an intention-to-treat basis. This study is registered with the ISRCTN registry, number ISRCTN80682973. FINDINGS: Treatment took place between March 3, 2014, and Oct 19, 2015. 22 754 patients were assessed for elegibility. Of 15 873 eligible patients from 93 NHS hospitals, primary outcome data were analysed for 8482 patients in the usual care group and 7374 in the QI group. Eight patients in the usual care group and nine patients in the QI group were not included in the analysis because of missing primary outcome data. The primary outcome of 90-day mortality occurred in 1210 (16%) patients in the QI group compared with 1393 (16%) patients in the usual care group (HR 1·11, 0·96-1·28). INTERPRETATION: No survival benefit was observed from this QI programme to implement a care pathway for patients undergoing emergency abdominal surgery. Future QI programmes should ensure that teams have both the time and resources needed to improve patient care. FUNDING: National Institute for Health Research Health Services and Delivery Research Programme

Green plants in the red : a baseline global assessment for the IUCN Sampled Red List Index for Plants

Plants provide fundamental support systems for life on Earth and are the basis for all terrestrial ecosystems; a decline in plant diversity will be detrimental to all other groups of organisms including humans. Decline in plant diversity has been hard to quantify, due to the huge numbers of known and yet to be discovered species and the lack of an adequate baseline assessment of extinction risk against which to track changes. The biodiversity of many remote parts of the world remains poorly known, and the rate of new assessments of extinction risk for individual plant species approximates the rate at which new plant species are described. Thus the question 'How threatened are plants?' is still very difficult to answer accurately. While completing assessments for each species of plant remains a distant prospect, by assessing a randomly selected sample of species the Sampled Red List Index for Plants gives, for the first time, an accurate view of how threatened plants are across the world. It represents the first key phase of ongoing efforts to monitor the status of the world's plants. More than 20% of plant species assessed are threatened with extinction, and the habitat with the most threatened species is overwhelmingly tropical rain forest, where the greatest threat to plants is anthropogenic habitat conversion, for arable and livestock agriculture, and harvesting of natural resources. Gymnosperms (e.g. conifers and cycads) are the most threatened group, while a third of plant species included in this study have yet to receive an assessment or are so poorly known that we cannot yet ascertain whether they are threatened or not. This study provides a baseline assessment from which trends in the status of plant biodiversity can be measured and periodically reassessed.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Pseudo-aneurismas: relato de dois casos e revisão da literatura Pseudoaneurysms: report of two cases and review of the literature

Pseudo-aneurismas são uma afecção arterial rara. Os autores destacam a raridade da ocorrência de pseudo-aneurisma da artéria carótida comum pós-traumático e a associação de pseudo-aneurisma com osteocondroma femoral. Enfatizam a importância dos métodos por imagem, em especial a angiotomografia, no diagnóstico de afecções vasculares, como na ocorrência de pseudo-aneurismas. Realizam, ainda, revisão bibliográfica pertinente ao assunto.<br>Pseudoaneurysms are considered rare conditions. The authors describe the rarity of the occurrence of a pseudoaneurysm secondary to traumatic injury of the common carotid artery in association with a femoral osteochondroma. The importance of imaging methods, particularly computed tomography angiography, in the diagnosis of vascular pathologies are emphasized, and the literature is reviewed

April 18th - 22nd, 2022, Córdoba, Argentina

Del 18 al 22 de abril de 2022 se llevó a cabo el XI Encuentro FoF en el Auditorio “Mirta Mosconi” del Observatorio de Córdoba. Fue la primera edición híbrida de este evento anual. Se han cubierto siete áreas de la astronomía: instrumentación y herramientas, sistemas planetarios, el sol y la física solar, astrofísica estelar, astronomía galáctica, astronomía extragaláctica y cosmología y gravitación. La reunión registró 177 participantes individuales, entre los cuales 88 fueron presenciales mientras que el resto participó de forma remota. En cuanto a la distribución de género de los participantes, el 57 por ciento eran hombres. Esta edición incluyó 12 conferencias magistrales (50-50% hombres-mujeres), 38 charlas breves aportadas (55-45% hombres-mujeres), 17 e-posters (65-35% hombres-mujeres), 7 talleres/prácticas sesiones y 2 mesas redondas. Todas las actividades han sido grabadas y los videos publicados en YouTube. En este cuadernillo incluimos los resúmenes de las charlas y e-posters presentados en el XI encuentro FoF.From 18 to 22 April 2022, the XI edition of the FoF meeting took place at the "Mirta Mosconi" Auditorium of the Córdoba’s Observatory. It was the first hybrid edition of this annual event. Seven areas of astronomy have been covered: Instrumentation and Tools, Planetary Systems, the Sun and Heliophysics, Stellar Astrophysics, Galactic Astronomy, Extragalactic Astronomy, and Cosmology & Gravity. The meeting registered 177 individual participants, among which 88 were in-person attendees while the remaining participated remotely. Regarding the gender distribution of participants, 57 per cent were male. This edition included 12 keynote addresses (50-50% male-female), 38 contributed short talks (55-45% male-female), 17 e-posters (65-35% male-female), 7 workshop/hands-on sessions, and 2 round table discussion sessions. All the activities have been recorded, and the videos published on YouTube. In this booklet, we include the abstracts of talks and e-posters presented at the XI FoF meeting.List of Abstracts – Talks: Chemical Abundances in Planetary Nebulae: Collisionally Excited Lines vs. Recombination Lines / M. Peña Cárdenas -- Automated classification of eclipsing binary systems in the VVV Survey / V. Daza Perilla -- Strong non-dipolar magnetic fields in millisecond pulsars? / J. Pelle -- Formation and Evolution of central stars of Planetary Nebulae / M. Miller Bertolami -- Exploration of magnetic activity indices in M dwarfs / C. Oviedo -- Plasma Correction in the “Cosine Relation” for Pulsar Pulse Profile / G. Briozzo -- Regolith ejection on the asteroid Didymos due to its fast rotation / N. Trógolo -- Orbital evolution of circumbinary planets due to creep tides / F. Zoppetti -- The physical and chemical signatures of young protostars and planet-forming disks / E. Artur de la Villarmois -- The host galaxies of binary compact objects across cosmic time / M.C. Artale -- Gravastars in f(R,L) gravity / C. Vieira Gomes -- The integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect in 4D Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity / M. Ghodsi Yengejeh -- Wiener filter for CMB maps using Neural Networks / M. B. Costanza -- NumCosmo halo tools: application to cluster cosmology and cluster mass estimation / M. Penna-Lima -- Giant HII Regions and HII Galaxies as tracers of the Hubble expansion and its use in cosmology / D. Fernandez-Arenas -- Cosmology with baryons: modelling the cosmic matter distribution for Large-Scale Structure analyses / G. Aricò -- On dynamo theories for cosmological magnetic fields / M. Rubio -- Universal renormalization procedure for higher curvature AdS gravity in up to 5 dimensions / I. Araya Quezada -- Clues on the formation of giant low surface brightness galaxies / G. Galaz -- Low Surface Brightness Galaxes in the IllustrisTNG Simulation / L. Peréz-Montaño -- 2D Surface Brightness Modelling of Large Galaxies: Photometry, Structural Parameters and Black Hole Scaling Relations / E. Ríos-López -- Formation of Ultra-Diffuse galaxies in different environments / J. Benavides-Blanco -- Influence of environment on the AGN-starburst connection in small galaxy systems / F. Duplancic -- AGN & Voids. The role of active objects in cosmic voids / M. L. Ceccarelli -- Spin alignment around Illustris voids / F. Dávila Kurbán -- Fermionic dark matter halos from a maximum entropy principle / C. Argüelles -- Pairwise velocities in the strongly nonlinear regime of large-scale structures / J. Garcia-Farieta -- Modelling the formation of the GD-1 stellar stream inside a host with a fermionic dark matter core-halo distribution / M. F. Mestre -- On the influence of halo mass accretion history on galaxy properties and assembly bias / A. Montero Dorta -- EMPIRE: A new semi-empirical model for the Galaxy-Halo connection / A. Rodriguez-Puebla -- Dark-matter-deficient galaxies in the Illustris-TNG simulations / E. Tau -- Spiral galaxies with ring structures / S. Alonso -- Bar properties in dwarf barred galaxies from Virgo / V. Cuomo -- MaNGA/SDSS-IV: Archaeological reconstruction of the radial and global growth of galaxies / V. Ávila-Reese -- Gas shocks around galaxy clusters / A. Rost -- A deep near-infrared view of the Ophiuchus galaxy cluster / G. Coldwell -- Kinematics of the Local Group gas and galaxies in the Hestia simulations / L. Biaus -- The physical origin and impact of stellar-gas misalignments in galaxies from the CIELO simulation / C. Casanueva -- Nearby galaxies – insights into galaxy evolution / K. Menéndez-Delmestre -- New and upcoming astronomical instrumentation: opportunities for collaboration between Latin American astronomers / T. Goncalves -- Chemical evolution of galaxies / P. Tissera -- On the Magellanic Clouds stellar clusters characterization from their integrated spectra / F. Simondi Romero -- The dynamics of the Milky Way and the Large Magellanic Cloud / N. Garavito Camargo -- Star clusters study in the inner region of the Small Magellanic Cloud / B. De Bortoli -- The internal structure of clusters in the Magellanic Clouds / J. Rodríguez -- Machine learning for membership determination in open clusters / P. Hasan -- CAPOS: Distance, reddening and global metallicity determination of Bulge Globular Clusters / S. Villanova -- A statistical study of the compressible energy cascade rate in the solar wind: MAVEN and PSP observations / M. Brodiano -- Large amplitude oscillations in solar filaments / M. Cécere -- Pseudostreamer influence on flux rope evolution / A. Sahade ; List of Posters: Analysis of the eclipsing times variations of an evolved binary / M. Ramos -- The effect of galaxy orbits on the outer regions of clusters:connections with the splashback radius / A. De Almeida -- Low Surface Brightness Galaxies in IllustrisTNG / L. Peréz-Montaño -- Age determination of 3 star clusters belonging to the Magellanic Clouds / M. Tapia Reina -- Is a 4U 0114+65 a wind-accreting magnetar? a glimpse of NuSTAR and NICER / E. Saavedra -- Galaxy pairs in S-PLUS DR2 / C. Cerdosino -- Kinematics of the Local Group gas and galaxies in the Hestia simulations / L. Biaus -- Ultralight Dark Matter: A very short review / M. Díaz Araque -- Galaxy rotation curve fitting using state-of-the-art machine learning tools / S. Collazo -- Chemical signatures of planetary formation and evolution in the WASP-160 binary system / E. Jofré -- A determination of the local Hubble constant using Giant HII Regions and HII Galaxies / D. Fernández-Arenas -- Early-type dwarf galaxies in low-density environments: the case of CGCG014-074 / N. Guevara -- Black Holes Shadows in Konoplya-Stuchlik-Zhidenko metrics / G. Briozzo -- Skylight: a new code for general relativistic ray tracing and radiative transport in arbitrary spacetimes / J. Pelle -- Low-Frequency Detection of Diffuse Radio Emission from Low-mass PSZ Clusters / S. Salunkhe -- Study of Stellar Populations Properties in Simulated Galaxies / A. Cornejo Cárdenas -- The Integrated Sachs-Wolfe Effect in 4D Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet Gravity / M. Ghodsi Yengejeh.Daza Perilla, Vanesa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental; Argentina.Trógolo, Nair. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba; Argentina.Zoppetti, Federico. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba; Argentina.Benavides Blanco, José. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba; Argentina.Benavides Blanco, José. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental; Argentina.Ceccarelli, María Laura. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba; Argentina.Ceccarelli, María Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental; Argentina.Dávila Kurbán, Federico. Conicet. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental; Argentina.Simondi Romero, Federico Oscar. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba; Argentina.Cécere, Mariana. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba; ArgentinaCécere, Mariana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental; Argentina.Sahade, Abril. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba; Argentina.Sahade, Abril. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental; Argentina.Ramos, Matías. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba; Argentina.Tapia Reina, Martina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba; Argentina.Jofré, Emiliano. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba; Argentina

Workpackage 9

<p>Numbers of species from the combined SRLI for Plants sample of gymnosperms, monocots, legumes and pteridophytes by IUCN Red List Category for each group of plants.</p