The use of Multidisciplinarity, Interdisciplinarity and Transdisciplinarity to develop the Critical and Scientific Spirit in the student

The construction of knowledge today requires a new posture of the researcher, requires a broader and holistic view, with the interaction of the various areas, both in the expansion and in the deepening in the treatment of complex studies. Thus, the objective of this work is to identify the pedagogical practices for the development of the critical scientific spirit in the student in the learning environment. With this research, it was possible to conclude that with pedagogical practices based on the practice of inter, multi and transdisciplinarity, it is possible to contribute to an autonomous society, transforming tacit knowledge into explicit knowledge to serve as a basic tool for social development, with capacity to share and incorporate new technologies and disseminate them to society to make its economic and social transformation

Diagrama espaço tempo de Minkowski: uma abordagem para o Ensino Médio

This work initially presents an explanation of Yves Chevallar's Didactic Transposition theory, this theory discusses the levels of knowledge and their transformations. Afterwards, a discussion of the Minkowski metric and its relationship with Einstein's relativity is carried out. Next, Minkowski space-time diagrams are presented. Finally, based on the previous discussions, a didactic sequence is presented where the Minkowski Space-Time diagram is discussed in a language suitable for high school students.Este trabalho apresenta inicialmente uma explanação sobre a teoria da Transposição Didática de Yves Chevallard, que discute os níveis de saberes e suas transformações. Após, é realizada uma discussão da métrica de Minkowski e sua relação com a relatividade de Einstein. Em seguida os diagramas espaço-tempo de Minkowski são apresentados. Por fim, baseado nas discussões anteriores, é apresentada uma sequência didática onde o diagrama Espaço Tempo de Minkowski é discutido com uma linguagem adequada para estudantes do Ensino Médio

Accumulation of Dry Matter and Morphological Composition of Irrigated Mombaça Grass Fertilized with and without Nitrogen under Grazing

Brazil is the holder of the largest commercial cattle herd in the world and the world\u27s leading exporter of fresh and industrialized meat. Beef production is based on pastures and the production system is influenced by absence of fertilization and the seasonality of forage during of this the year, caused mainly by temperature, rainfall and luminosity. Nitrogen (N) is the most important element for the development and growth of grasses, since it accelerates the formation and growth of new leaves, improves regrowth vigor resulting in greater production and carrying capacity of pastures (Cecato et al. 2011). The present study aimed to evaluate the accumulation of dry matter and percentage of leaf blade of irrigated Mombaça grass (Panicum maximum Jacq. cv. Mombaça) with four N fertilizer doses, under intermittent grazing

Enhanced In Vitro Antiviral Activity of Hydroxychloroquine Ionic Liquids against SARS-CoV-2

The authors also thank Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia for the projects Research 4 COVID-19 no. 582, and RECI/BBBBQB/0230/2012. The authors also acknowledge the Solchemar company. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.The development of effective antiviral drugs against SARS-CoV-2 is urgently needed and a global health priority. In light of the initial data regarding the repurposing of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) to tackle this coronavirus, herein we present a quantitative synthesis and spectroscopic and thermal characterization of seven HCQ room temperature ionic liquids (HCQ-ILs) obtained by direct protonation of the base with two equivalents of organic sulfonic, sulfuric and carboxylic acids of different polarities. Two non-toxic and hydrophilic HCQ-ILs, in particular, [HCQH2 ][C1 SO3 ]2 and [HCQH2 ][GlcCOO]2, decreased the virus-induced cytopathic effect by two-fold in comparison with the original drug, [HCQH2 ][SO4 ]. Despite there being no significant differences in viral RNA production between the three compounds, progeny virus production was significantly affected (p < 0.05) by [HCQH2 ][GlcCOO]2 . Overall, the data suggest that the in vitro antiviral activities of the HCQ-ILs are most likely the result of specific intra-and intermolecular interactions and not so much related with their hydrophilic or lipophilic character. This work paves the way for the development of future novel ionic formulations of hydroxychloroquine with enhanced physicochemical properties.publishersversionpublishe

Role of the ecto-nucleotidases in the cooperative effect of adenosine and neuropeptide-S on locomotor activity in mice.

Abstract Activation of adenosine receptors modifies the action of classic neurotransmitters (i.e. dopamine, glutamate and acetylcholine) and other neuromodulators, like vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and neuropeptide S (NPS). Similarly to adenosine, NPS is involved in the regulation of stimulus and response to fear and arousal. Thus, the present study investigates the effects of NPS on locomotor activity in mice treated with or without α,β-methylene adenosine 5′-diphosphate (AOPCP), the inhibitor of ecto-5′-nucleotidase. Additionally, we evaluate the activity of ecto-5′-nucleotidase in brain slices of mice treated with or without NPS. Male adult CF-1 mice received i.c.v. NPS as 0.1 nmol injection with or without pre-treatment with 1 nmol α,β-methylene adenosine 5′-diphosphate (AOPCP), the selective inhibitor of ecto-5′-nucleotidase, to evaluate locomotor activity. In another set of experiments, mice received i.c.v. infusion of 0.1 nmol NPS to assay enzymatic activity in brain slices. The results demonstrated that the pre-treatment with AOPCP, which was inactive per se, prevented NPS-induced hyperlocomotion in mice. The dose of 0.1 nmol NPS was efficient to induce hyperlocomotion in animals during the observation period in the activity cage. Regarding enzymatic activity, i.c.v. NPS injection did not induce any significant alterations in ATP and AMP hydrolysis in striatum and hippocampus brain slices of mice. The present study shows that the hyperlocomotor effect of NPS depends on the ecto-5′-nucleotidase activity

Comparative description of ten transcriptomes of newly sequenced invertebrates and efficiency estimation of genomic sampling in non-model taxa

Traditionally, genomic or transcriptomic data have been restricted to a few model or emerging model organisms, and to a handful of species of medical and/or environmental importance. Next-generation sequencing techniques have the capability of yielding massive amounts of gene sequence data for virtually any species at a modest cost. Here we provide a comparative analysis of de novo assembled transcriptomic data for ten non-model species of previously understudied animal taxa.Peer reviewe

Third post-Newtonian dynamics of compact binaries: Noetherian conserved quantities and equivalence between the harmonic-coordinate and ADM-Hamiltonian formalisms

A Lagrangian from which derive the third post-Newtonian (3PN) equations of motion of compact binaries (neglecting the radiation reaction damping) is obtained. The 3PN equations of motion were computed previously by Blanchet and Faye in harmonic coordinates. The Lagrangian depends on the harmonic-coordinate positions, velocities and accelerations of the two bodies. At the 3PN order, the appearance of one undetermined physical parameter \lambda reflects an incompleteness of the point-mass regularization used when deriving the equations of motion. In addition the Lagrangian involves two unphysical (gauge-dependent) constants r'_1 and r'_2 parametrizing some logarithmic terms. The expressions of the ten Noetherian conserved quantities, associated with the invariance of the Lagrangian under the Poincar\'e group, are computed. By performing an infinitesimal ``contact'' transformation of the motion, we prove that the 3PN harmonic-coordinate Lagrangian is physically equivalent to the 3PN Arnowitt-Deser-Misner Hamiltonian obtained recently by Damour, Jaranowski and Sch\"afer.Comment: 30 pages, to appear in Classical and Quantum Gravit

Estudo reflexivo: as influências da síndrome pré-menstrual na vida laboral das mulheres / Reflective study: the influences of premenstrual syndrome in the working life of women

Introdução: o ciclo menstrual é um período de alterações hormonais que podem influenciar nos aspectos comportamentais da mulher. Estimativas apontam que 75% a 80% das mulheres possuem sintomas emocionais e físicos associados com a síndrome pré-menstrual (SPM) e 50% delas sentem suas rotinas de trabalho afetadas. Objetivo: refletir acerca das influências da SPM na vida laboral das mulheres. Método: Trata-se de uma análise teórico-reflexivo, descritiva, narrativa, realizada a partir de nove artigos publicados nas bases de dados da Web of Science e BIREME sobre os sintomas da SPM e relacioná-los com a vida laboral das mulheres. Resultados: Os principais sintomas relacionados a SPM foram as alterações de humor como: inquietação, estresse, ansiedade, depressão, irritabilidade, agressividade, tensão, baixa autoestima, dificuldades naconcentração, perda dememória, humor depressivo, insônia, sentimentos negativos e prejuízos nas relações sociais. Dentre os sintomas físicos: ganho de peso, cefaleia, algias e edema abdominal e nas mamas, mulheres na meia idade apresentaram distúrbios de sangramento irregular e/ou intenso. Esses sintomas associados a um ambiente estressante pode colaborar com prejuízo nas relações interpessoais no local de trabalho. Conclusão: as evidências científicas manifestam-se no sentido de que as mulheres que sofrem com a SPM, precisam adotar hábitos de vida saudáveis, para que se possa garantir uma melhor qualidade de vida e consequentemente melhorar a disposição para o trabalho. Contudo, mais estudos sobre SPM devem ser realizados, em toda faixa etária, abrangendo os fatores relacionados ao desequilíbrio hormonal, ambientes laborais consideradosestressantes, tipos de tratamento, como o convencional, terapias, produtos fitoterápicos, além do suporte familiar