Physicochemical and Antibacterial Characterisation of a Novel Fluorapatite Coating

Peri-implantitis remains the major impediment to the long-term use of dental implants. With increasing concern over growing antibiotic resistance there is considerable interest in the preparation of antimicrobial dental implant coatings that also induce osseointegration. One such potential coating material is fluorapatite (FA). The aim of this study was to relate the antibacterial effectiveness of FA coatings against pathogens implicated in peri-implantitis to the physicochemical properties of the coating. Ordered and disordered FA coatings were produced on the under and upper surface of stainless steel (SS) discs respectively, using a hydrothermal method. Surface charge, surface roughness, wettability and fluoride release were measured for each coating. Surface chemistry was assessed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and FA crystallinity by X-ray diffraction. Antibacterial activity against periodontopathogens was assessed in vitro using viable counts, confocal and scanning electron (SEM) microscopies. SEM showed that the hydrothermal method produced FA coatings predominately aligned perpendicular to the SS substrate or disordered FA coatings consisting of randomly aligned rod-like crystals. Both FA coatings significantly reduced the growth of all the examined bacterial strains in comparison to the control. The FA coatings, and especially the disordered ones, presented significantly lower charge, higher roughness and area when compared to the control, enhancing bacteria–material interactions and therefore bacterial deactivation by fluoride ions. The ordered FA layer reduced not only bacterial viability but adhesion too. Ordered FA crystals produced as a potential novel implant coating showed significant antibacterial activity against bacteria implicated in peri-implantitis which could be explained by a detailed understanding of their physicochemical properties

Epidemiology of pneumoconiosis in coalminers of Nord-Pas-de-Calais in France

This is a longitudinal study of 3 167 active or retired pneumoconiotic coalminers from Nord - Pas de Calais collieries (HBNPC) recognised through medico-legal decision over three defined periods: 1942-61, 1952-81 and 1982-87

Trueness of CAD/CAM digitization with a desktop scanner – an in vitro study

Desktop scanners are devices for digitization of conventional impressions or gypsum casts by indirect Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Assisted Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) in dentistry. The purpose of this in vitro study was: 1, to investigate whether virtual models produced by the extraoral scanner have the same trueness as sectioned casts; and 2, to assess if digitization with an extraoral scanner influences the surface information

ECMO for COVID-19 patients in Europe and Israel

Since March 15th, 2020, 177 centres from Europe and Israel have joined the study, routinely reporting on the ECMO support they provide to COVID-19 patients. The mean annual number of cases treated with ECMO in the participating centres before the pandemic (2019) was 55. The number of COVID-19 patients has increased rapidly each week reaching 1531 treated patients as of September 14th. The greatest number of cases has been reported from France (n = 385), UK (n = 193), Germany (n = 176), Spain (n = 166), and Italy (n = 136) .The mean age of treated patients was 52.6 years (range 16–80), 79% were male. The ECMO configuration used was VV in 91% of cases, VA in 5% and other in 4%. The mean PaO2 before ECMO implantation was 65 mmHg. The mean duration of ECMO support thus far has been 18 days and the mean ICU length of stay of these patients was 33 days. As of the 14th September, overall 841 patients have been weaned from ECMO support, 601 died during ECMO support, 71 died after withdrawal of ECMO, 79 are still receiving ECMO support and for 10 patients status n.a. . Our preliminary data suggest that patients placed on ECMO with severe refractory respiratory or cardiac failure secondary to COVID-19 have a reasonable (55%) chance of survival. Further extensive data analysis is expected to provide invaluable information on the demographics, severity of illness, indications and different ECMO management strategies in these patients

CMOS LED DRIVER AND PIN RECEIVER FOR FIBER OPTICAL COMMUNICATION AT 150 MBIT/SEC.

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A valuable improvement of adult height prediction methods in short normal children.

The potential benefit of growth hormone (GH) administration to increase adult height of normal children of short stature might be blurred by the accuracy and the precision of the prediction methods used to estimate final height before onset of therapy. The aim of the present study was to evaluate three prediction methods: Bayley-Pinneau (BP), Roche-Wainer-Thissen (RWT) and Tanner-Whitehouse Mark II (TW2) and to improve their accuracy and precision by exploring their correlation with various parameters obtained in peripubertal children with poor predicted adult height. Accuracy and precision of the prediction methods were evaluated retrospectively by comparing predicted adult heights estimated in 62 boys at 13.7 +/- 0.9 years and in 28 girls at 12.1 +/- 0.9 years of age, with their adult heights measured respectively at 20.7 +/- 2.6 years and 18.8 +/- 2.8 years. At the time of prediction, the height for chronological age was -2.07 +/- 0.68 standard deviation scores for boys and -2.15 +/- 0.6 years for girls. Measured adult heights were significantly lower than target heights (165.1 +/- 5.1 vs. 169.4 +/- 4.8 cm for boys; p < 0.001 and 153.1 +/- 3.9 vs. 156.3 +/- 5.0 cm for girls; p = 0.001). For boys, the BP method was the most accurate and also the most convenient with a predicted adult height of 164.7 +/- 5.0 cm and a small underestimation of 0.4 +/- 3.5 cm. For girls, the TW2 method was the most accurate with a predicted height of 152.4 +/- 3.7 cm with a little underestimation of 0.7 +/- 3.5 cm. There were no important differences between the precision of these methods. The use of a correction factor derived from the bone age delay at the time of prediction in boys and from the chronological age at the time of prediction in girls improved the accuracy of the predicted adult height. The use of a factor correcting the accuracy of the BP method in boys and of the TW2 method in girls should be valuable in assessing the potential benefit of GH therapy to increase adult height in short normal children