The Moral State: Religion, Nation and Empire in Victorian Britain and British India

Also CSST Working Paper #110.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/51299/1/535.pd

Religion and Education in a Secular Age: A Comparative Perspective

L’éducation est un élément central de la religion, tant il est vrai que pour être capable de diffuser, de recevoir et d’interpréter le message religieux, il est nécessaire d’être éduqué. Mais l’éducation est également un aspect fondamental de l’État-nation moderne et laïque, lequel exige de ses sujets de se plier à la discipline d’un programme d’éducation nationale. Ce programme contient les notions élémentaires de la science moderne – requis pour l’éducation d’une main-d’œuvre adéquate – mais aussi les fondements de la culture nationale tels que la langue et l’histoire. Cet article envisage le sécularisme et la religion comme mutuellement constitutifs, de sorte que ce qui est séculaire est modelé par ce qui est religieux, et réciproquement. Il analyse cette relation dans une perspective comparatiste en se concentrant sur la Chine et l’Inde. Une attention spéciale est accordée à l’enseignement de la science et de la morale nationale, ainsi qu’à l’importance de la langue tant dans la religion que dans le nationalisme.Education is central to religion. To be able to send, receive, and interpret the religious message one needs to be educated. Education is also central to the secular nation-state. The modern nation-state demands its subjects to be disciplined and educated in a national curriculum. That curriculum contains the basic elements of modern science, required for educating an adequate workforce, but also basic elements of national culture, such as language and history. This paper regards the secular and the religious as mutually constitutive, so that what is secular is shaped by the religious and what is religious is shaped by secularism. It explores this relationship comparatively with a focus on China and India. Special attention is given to the teaching of science and of national morality as well as to the importance of language in both religion and nationalism.教育是宗教的關鍵。人必須經過教育，才能傳送、接收并詮釋宗教訊息。教育也是世俗的民族國家的關鍵。現代民族國家要求其屬民在國定學程中得到規訓與教育。這類學程包括為了培養足堪其任的勞動力所必須的現代科學的基礎知識，也包括國族文化的基本要素，如語言和歷史。本文將世俗與宗教視作相互建構的雙方，認為世俗領域的形成受到了宗教的影響，而所謂宗教亦被世俗主義所形塑。文章主要通過對中國和印度的比較揭示了世俗與宗教的這種關係，并著重考察了科學教育與國民道德教育，分析了語言對宗教和民族主義的重要意義

Three Styles in the Study of Violence

This is a postprint (accepted manuscript) version of the article published in Reviews in Anthropology 37:1-19. The final version of the article can be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00938150701829525 (login required to access content). The version made available in Digital Common was supplied by the author.Accepted Manuscripttru

Introduction

Les mondes chinois et indiens connaissent tous deux une pluralité religieuse plus foisonnante et plus ancienne que l’Europe. L’exercice comparatif, quand il est mené, tend cependant à confronter chacun de ces deux mondes avec celui de l’Europe et de l’Amérique, et de façon asymétrique (les modèles théoriques venant de l’Occident et étant appliqués soit à la Chine, soit à l’Inde). La comparaison directe entre ces deux mondes n’est quant à elle que très rarement menée, pour différentes raisons,..

Introduction

The Chinese and Indian worlds are both home to a religious plurality that is more vibrant and more ancient than in Europe. The comparative exercise, when it is carried out, tends however to confront each of these two worlds with that of Europe and America, and in an asymmetrical way (the theoretical models coming from the West and being applied either to China or to India). A direct comparison between these two worlds is rarely carried out, for various reasons, including the scientific langu..

Religious revelation, secrecy and the limits of visual representation

This article seeks to contribute to a more adequate understanding of the adoption of modern audiovisual mass media by contemporary religious groups. It does so by examining Pentecostal-charismatic churches as well as the Christian mass culture instigated by its popularity, and so-called traditional religion in Ghana, which develop markedly different attitudes towards audiovisual mass media and assume different positions in the public sphere. Taking into account the complicated entanglement of traditional religion and Pentecostalism, approaching both religions from a perspective of mediation which regards media as intrinsic to religion, and seeking to avoid the pitfall of overestimating the power of modern mass media to determine the world, this article seeks to move beyond an unproductive recurrence to oppositions such as tradition and modernity, or religion and technology. It is argued that instead of taking as a point of departure more or less set ideas about the nexus of vision and modernity, the adoption of new mass media by religious groups needs to be analyzed by a detailed ethnographic investigation of how these new media transform existing practices of religious mediation. Special emphasis is placed on the tension between the possibilities of gaining public presence through new media, and the difficulty in authorizing these media, and the experiences they induce, as authentic. Copyright © 2006 SAGE Publications

The role of body image disturbance in the onset, maintenance, and relapse of anorexia nervosa:A systematic review

Body image disturbance is an important feature of Anorexia Nervosa (AN). Some researchers have argued that body image disturbance is not just a symptom of AN, but plays a causal role in the development, persistence, and relapse of AN. Our aim was to systematically review the existing empirical evidence concerning the role of the cognitive-affective, perceptual, and behavioral components of body image disturbance in AN. 46 studies fulfilled eligibility criteria reporting about 4928 participants with AN. There is some evidence suggesting that body image disturbance is related to the course of AN. However, experimental studies were missing and operationalizations of body image constructs and AN outcome measures varied greatly across studies. Therefore, on the basis of the available empirical data, it remained unclear whether body image disturbance is indeed a causal risk factor for AN. For future studies, it is crucial to use more consistent terminology and more specific and precise definitions of body image constructs as well as experimental designs, adequately powered samples, and well-validated measures. Altogether, this would set the stage to generate the high-quality data that are necessary to clarify the role of body image disturbance in the onset, maintenance and relapse of AN

As assessment of the Competition Commission Report and subsequent outcomes

Following the Office of Fair Trading's review of the British deregulated bus market as a whole in 2009, the issues raised were referred to the Competition Commission. Its final report was published in December 2011. Subsequently, the House of Commons Transport Committee carried out an enquiry into the Commission's report, and reactions to it by the operating industry, user groups, and other bodies, which was published in September 2012. A number of major issues have been raised, including the extent to which price competition may be effective, the appropriate rate of return on capital that would be expected within the industry (and appropriate actions where this is excessive in practice), and industry structure. The importance of competition per se, as distinct from attributes of direct concern to users (such as reliability, frequency, and fares) has also been debated. This paper reviews the issues raised, and outcomes to date, in the light of further evidence on the industry's performance. It is demonstrated similar rates of return could be attained through very different operating strategies, which in turn have very different implications for changes in consumer surplus. The alternative uses made of such profits (for example through reinvestment) may also have markedly different impacts effects on users. Rather than focussing on the dangers of excessive rates of return on capital, the outcomes for service users should be the main issue