El Museo Etnográfico de La Rioja

En número dedicado a: Provincia de Logroñ

A isenção tributária como instrumento de proteção do patrimônio cultural imaterial

This monograph aims to investigate the legal possibility of tax exemption being used as an instrument for the protection of intangible cultural assets. The theoretical framework used was post-positivism, while the methodology employed was hypothetical-deductive. The research consisted of analyzing how the concept of cultural heritage has expanded in Brazil, culminating in the existence of taxed intangible assets, and verifying, by examining the principles involved, the possibility of the Brazilian legal system legitimizing the granting of exemptions for the purpose of protecting these assets. In light of this, the results found were as follows: there are, currently in Brazil, economic activities considered to be intangible cultural assets, which, because they are part of the legally protected cultural heritage, demand State action against their disappearance. The tax exemption can be used as an instrument to safeguard this type of property, and its use is legitimate under the legal system, provided that it is onerous, that conditions related to the preservation of the property are established to be complied with by its holders, that there is some type of vulnerability that puts at risk the continuity of the activity recognized as intangible property, and that there is no other less onerous measure capable of achieving the same protection purpose.Esta monografia tem por objetivo investigar a possibilidade jurídica de a isenção tributária ser utilizada como um instrumento para a proteção de bens culturais imateriais. O marco teórico utilizado foi o pós-positivismo jurídico, enquanto a metodologia empregada foi a hipotético-dedutiva. A pesquisa consistiu na análise de como a concepção de patrimônio cultural se expandiu no Brasil, culminando na existência de bens imateriais tributados, e na verificação, através do exame dos princípios envolvidos, da possibilidade de o ordenamento jurídico brasileiro legitimar a concessão de isenções com o fim de proteção destes bens. Diante disso, os resultados encontrados foram os seguintes: existem, na atualidade brasileira, atividades econômicas consideradas bens culturais imateriais, que por integrarem o patrimônio cultural juridicamente protegido reclamam ações do Estado contra o seu desaparecimento. A isenção tributária pode ser utilizada com um instrumento para salvaguardar esta espécie de bens, sendo legítima a sua utilização, perante o ordenamento jurídico, desde que seja da espécie onerosa, com estabelecimento de condições relacionadas à preservação dos bens a serem cumpridas pelos seus detentores, exista algum tipo de vulnerabilidade que coloque em risco a continuidade da atividade reconhecida como bem imaterial, e não exista outra medida menos gravosa capaz de atingir o mesmo fim de proteção

Autonomic and cortical response of soldiers in different combat scenarios

Introduction The study of chronic and acute responses when exposed to extreme, aggressive and stressful environments, such as in combat environments, is becoming increasingly popular as such information leads to better optimisation of soldiers’ physical and psychological performance, as well as mission effectiveness and efficiency. Due to internal complexity, uncertainty and variability of real combat scenarios, a specific approach to all possible types of military combat scenarios is necessary. Methods Modifications in the autonomic modulation and cortical arousal before and after asymmetrical, symmetrical and close quarter combat simulations were analysed in 31 male professional veteran soldiers (age: 34.5±4.2 years) with between seven and 18 years of experience in their respective units, as well as experience in international missions in current conflict areas such as Lebanon, Afghanistan, Bosnia, Kosovo and Iraq. Results The three combat situations produced a non-significant decrease in cortical arousal after combat simulations, presenting a trivial effect size in symmetrical and close quarter combat situations and a small effect size in asymmetrical situations. HR increased significantly in the three combat situations, and close quarter combat produced the highest sympathetic modulation of the three situations analysed. Conclusion Symmetrical, asymmetrical and close quarter combat situations produced an increase in sympathetic modulation, being highest in the close quarter combat situation, where actions are performed at a close distance and in closed spaces

Rotor-Bar Breakage Mechanism and Prognosis in an Induction Motor

[EN] This paper proposes a condition-based maintenance and prognostics and health management (CBM/ PHM) procedure for a rotor bar in an induction motor. The methodology is based on the results of a fatigue test intended to reproduce in the most natural way a bar breakage in order to carry out a comparison between transient and stationary diagnosis methods for incipient fault detection. Newly developed techniques in stator-current transient analysis have allowed tracking the developing fault during the last part of the test, identifying the failure mechanism, and establishing a physical model of the process. This nonlinear failure model is integrated in a particle filtering algorithm to diagnose the defect at an early stage and predict the remaining useful life of the bar. An initial generalization of the results to conditions differing from the ones under which the fatigue test was developed is studied.Climente Alarcon, V.; Antonino-Daviu, J.; Strangas, EG.; Riera-Guasp, M. (2015). Rotor-Bar Breakage Mechanism and Prognosis in an Induction Motor. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics. 62(3):1814-1825. doi:10.1109/TIE.2014.2336604S1814182562

Effects of single injection of naloxone and damgo within nucleus accumbens septi in the plus maze test in rats

Nucleus accumbens septi (NAS) is studied because its relations with cognition and anxiety. Its pharmacological manipulation is widely used in experimental psychopathology to reproduce psychotic signs and symptoms in animal models. In the present study, the effect of the injection of an agonist and a µ-receptor antagonist in this structure is assessed. Holtzman strain male rats (240-290 g) were cannulated bilaterally in NAS. One week after the injection they were subjected to an anxiety test, prior saline injection (controls), DAMGO ([D-Ala2, N-MePhe4, Gly-ol]-encephalin, opioid agonist) or naloxone (opioid antagonist). We evaluated the set of parameters classically considered in our laboratory (open arm time, time per entry, open arm entries, closed arm entries, open/closed arm quotient, open and closed arm ends arrivals, rearing, fecal bowls and grooming behaviors. There was only a significant increase in the length of stay in the open arm with the injection of DAMGO (0.2 µg/1 µL, p < 0.05) and a significant increase in grooming behaviors with naloxone (1 µg/1 µL, p < 0.001), compared with saline controls (1 µL). We conclude that the receptor stimulation in NAS generates effects compatible with anxiolysis, and blocking of such receptor in said structure results in an increase in grooming behaviors.Fil: Morsucci C. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; ArgentinaFil: Okasova A. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; ArgentinaFil: Mulet, Daniela. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; ArgentinaFil: Galiana, Graciana. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez, Vanesa. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; ArgentinaFil: Baiardi, Gustavo Carlos. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; ArgentinaFil: Lafuente, José Vicente. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; ArgentinaFil: Elias, Pablo Adolfo. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; ArgentinaFil: Landa, Adriana. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; ArgentinaFil: Soaje, Marta. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo; ArgentinaFil: Gargiulo, Pascual Angel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Alguns Helmintos de peixes do litoral norte fluminense - II

De 62 autópsias realizadas empeixes, capturados no litoral de Macaé, Estado do Rio de Janeiro, os autores coletaram alguns exemplares de helmintos cujo estudo permitiu a descrição de 2 espécies novas: Cucullanus rougetae e Raphidascaris yamagutii; a redescrição de Pseudopecoelus elongatus (Yamaguti, 1938) em novo hospedeiro, as referências de Procamallanus macaensis Vicente e Santos, 1972, e Catarinatrema verrucosum Freitas & Santos, 1971 e a descrição de 2 larvas de nematódeos e 1 de cestódeo que não puderam ser determinadas até espécie. A excursão emque foram colecionados os helmintos acima relacionados foi realizada em janeiro de 1973 por um de nós (elias dos Santos) permitindo a continuação de trabalho anterior sobre helmintos de peixes marinhos daquele município fluminense.Several helminths were recovered, buy one of the authors (Elias dos Santos) from fishes obtained in Macaé Coast, Rio de Janeiro State, Brasil, during an excursion in January, 1973. Two new species are described; Cucullanus rougetae and Raphidascaris yamagutii, they redescribe and give new host records for Pseudopecoellus elongatus (Yamaguti, 1938) and Procamallanus macaensis vicente e Santos, 1972; the later is only refered, as well as Catarinatrema verrucosum Freitas e santos, 1971. The describe one cestode and two nematode larvae although they could not be determinated. This is the second publication on the matter

The crucial importance of air valve characterization to the transient response of pipeline systems

[EN] Air valves are often crucial components in an air management strategy for pressurized water conveyance systems. However, the reliability of characteristic curves of air valves found in product catalogs is quite variable. This paper evaluates the consistency of a selection of product curves to basic air flow principles. Several recurring issues are identified: catalogs that present identical curves for admission and expulsion (they are, in fact, quite distinct); admission curves that are inconsistent with the isentropic inflow model; inflow (admission) curves actually consistent with the shape of the isentropic outflow model; limited validity curves that encompass only part of the subsonic flow regimen; and unclear or unstated specifications regarding the conditions under which the characterization tests were performed or their results displayed. To examine the significance of these representational issues related to air valve capacity on system behaviour, this paper uses a case study involving the simulated transient response arising from a pump trip at the upstream end of a rising water line having a distinct high point fitted with an air valve. It is found that employing inaccurate air valve characteristics in a transient simulation may potentially result in appreciable or even dangerous simulation errors.This study was financed in part by the Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior-Brasil (CAPES)-Finance Code 001.Tasca, E.; Karney, B.; Fuertes-Miquel, VS.; Dalfré Filho, JG.; Luvizotto Jr., E. (2022). The crucial importance of air valve characterization to the transient response of pipeline systems. Water. 14(17):1-13. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14172590113141

Impact of N2 plasma power discharge on AlGaN/GaN HEMT performance

The effects of power and time conditions of in situ N2 plasma treatment, prior to silicon nitride (SiN) passivation, were investigated on an AlGaN/GaN high-electron mobility transistor (HEMT). These studies reveal that N2 plasma power is a critical parameter to control the SiN/AlGaN interface quality, which directly affects the 2-D electron gas density. Significant enhancement in the HEMT characteristics was observed by using a low power N2 plasma pretreatment. In contrast, a marked gradual reduction in the maximum drain-source current density (IDS max) and maximum transconductance (gm max), as well as in fT and fmax, was observed as the N2 plasma power increases (up to 40% decrease for 210 W). Different mechanisms were proposed to be dominant as a function of the discharge power range. A good correlation was observed between the device electrical characteristics and the surface assessment by atomic force microscopy and Kelvin force microscopy techniques