Phylogeography and demographic history of the neotropical otter (Lontra longicaudis)

The Neotropical otter (Lontra longicaudis) is a medium-sized semiaquatic carnivore with a broad distribution in the Neotropical region. Despite being apparently common in many areas, it is one of the least known otters, and genetic studies on this species are scarce. Here, we have investigated its genetic diversity, population structure, and demographic history across a large portion of its geographic range by analyzing 1471 base pairs (bp) of mitochondrial DNA from 52 individuals. Our results indicate that L. longicaudis presents high levels of genetic diversity and a consistent phylogeographic pattern, suggesting the existence of at least 4 distinct evolutionary lineages in South America. The observed phylogeographic partitions are partially congruent with the subspecies classification previously proposed for this species. Coalescence-based analyses indicate that Neotropical otter mitochondrial DNA lineages have shared a rather recent common ancestor, approximately 0.5 Ma, and have subsequently diversified into the observed phylogroups. A consistent scenario of recent population expansion was identified in Eastern South America based on several complementary analyses of historical demography. The results obtained here provide novel insights on the evolutionary history of this largely unknown Neotropical mustelid and should be useful to design conservation and management policies on behalf of this species and its habitats. © The American Genetic Association. 2012. All rights reserved

A922 Sequential measurement of 1 hour creatinine clearance (1-CRCL) in critically ill patients at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI)

Meeting abstrac

Instituições formais, cidadania e solidariedade complexa Formal institutions, citizenship, and complex solidarity

Este artigo visa discutir certas limitações do republicanismo tradicional poliárquico no Brasil, buscando soluções para os impasses da representação e da participação tal como se põem hoje. Não se trata de uma perspectiva normativa, mas de inquirir sobre problemas e localizar alternativas que neste momento podem ainda mostrar-se de maneira incipiente. O núcleo do artigo aponta para a possibilidade da formação de uma "solidariedade complexa" no Brasil contemporâneo.<br>This article aims at some problems of the traditional poliarchic republicanism in Brazil, searching solutions for its difficulties on the issues of representation and participation. Not meant as a normative proposal, the article just enquiries alternatives which, at this moment, can not be more than probings. The core of these enquiries points out to the formation of a "complex solidarity" in contemporary Brazil

Uso de tecnologias de informação e comunicação (tic) no ensino superior: a superação de um mito.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Ciêntífico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Informed consent for endoscopic procedures: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Position Statement

All endoscopic procedures are invasive and carry risk. Accordingly, all endoscopists should involve the patient in the decision-making process about the most appropriate endoscopic procedure for that individual, in keeping with a patient's right to self-determination and autonomy. Recognition of this has led to detailed guidelines on informed consent for endoscopy in some countries, but in many no such guidance exists; this may lead to variations in care and exposure to risk of litigation. In this document, the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) sets out a series of statements that cover best practice in informed consent for endoscopy. These statements should be seen as a minimum standard of practice, but practitioners must be aware of and adhere to the law in their own country. 1: Patients should give informed consent for all gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures for which they have capacity to do so. 2: The healthcare professional seeking consent for an endoscopic procedure should ensure that the patient has the capacity to consent to that procedure. 3: For patients who lack capacity, healthcare personnel should at all times try to engage with people close to the patient, such as family, friends, or caregivers, to achieve consensus on the appropriateness of performing the procedure. 4: Where a patient lacks capacity to provide informed consent, the best interest decision should be clearly documented in the medical record. This should include information about the capacity assessment, reason(s) that the decision cannot be delayed for capacity recovery (or if recovery is not expected), who has been consulted, and where relevant the form of authority for the decision. 5: There should be a systematic and transparent disclosure of the expected benefits and harms that may reasonably affect patient choice on whether or not to undergo any diagnostic or interventional endoscopic procedure. Information about possible alternatives, as well as the consequences of doing nothing, should also be provided when relevant. 6: The information provided on the benefit and harms of an endoscopic procedure should be adapted to the procedure and patient-specific risk factors, and the preferences of the patient should be central to the consent process. 7: The consent discussion should be undertaken by an individual who is familiar with the procedure and its risks, and is able to discuss these in the context of the individual patient. 8: Patients should confirm consent to an endoscopic procedure in a private, unrushed, and non-coercive environment. 9: If a patient requests that an endoscopic procedure be discontinued, the procedure should be paused and the patient's capacity for decision making assessed. If a competent patient continues to object to the procedure, or if a conclusive determination of capacity is not feasible, the examination should be terminated as soon as it is safe to do so. 10: Informed consent should be sufficiently detailed to cover all findings that can be reasonably anticipated during an endoscopic examination. The scope of this consent should not be expanded, nor a patient's implicit consent for additional interventions assumed, unless failure to proceed with such interventions would result in immediate and predictable harm to the patient

Recomendações para a produção de arroz irrigado em Santa Catarina: 4a. edição

Esta publicação, atualizada em sua quarta edição, tornou-se mais abrangente e engloba outros sistemas de cultivo do arroz irrigado que passaram a ser praticados em Santa Catarina. Embora o viés principal ainda seja o sistema pré-germinado, há novas informações sobre as práticas a serem adotadas nos diferentes sistemas, fornecendo ao usuário subsídios técnicos para o adequado planejamento e a condução da lavoura de arroz, independentemente do sistema de cultivo adotado