Magnetotransport in two-dimensional electron gas at large filling factors

We derive the quantum Boltzmann equation for the two-dimensional electron gas in a magnetic field such that the filling factor $\nu \gg 1$. This equation describes all of the effects of the external fields on the impurity collision integral including Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations, smooth part of the magnetoresistance, and non-linear transport. Furthemore, we obtain quantitative results for the effect of the external microwave radiation on the linear and non-linear $dc$ transport in the system. Our findings are relevant for the description of the oscillating resistivity discovered by Zudov {\em et al.}, zero-resistance state discovered by Mani {\em et al.} and Zudov {\em et al.}, and for the microscopic justification of the model of Andreev {\em et al.}. We also present semiclassical picture for the qualitative consideration of the effects of the applied field on the collision integral.Comment: 28 pages, 19 figures; The discussion of the role of the effect of the microwave field on the distribution function is revised (see also cond-mat/0310668). Accepted in Phys. Rev.

Radiation induced oscillatory Hall effect in high mobility GaAs/AlGaAs devices

We examine the radiation induced modification of the Hall effect in high mobility GaAs/AlGaAs devices that exhibit vanishing resistance under microwave excitation. The modification in the Hall effect upon irradiation is characterized by (a) a small reduction in the slope of the Hall resistance curve with respect to the dark value, (b) a periodic reduction in the magnitude of the Hall resistance, $R_{xy}$, that correlates with an increase in the diagonal resistance, $R_{xx}$, and (c) a Hall resistance correction that disappears as the diagonal resistance vanishes.Comment: 4 pages text, 4 color figure

Expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related genes in prostate tumours

Aim. To detect expression of EMT-related genes in prostate tumor samples and analyze a possible correlation between gene expression level and clinical characteristics of prostate cancer in different groups. Methods. Expression of 19 genes was analyzed in 37 frozen samples of prostate cancer tissues at different tumor stages and Gleason scores, 37 paired conventionally normal prostate tissues and 20 samples of prostate adenomas, using quantitative PCR. Results. We have found that nine genes were expressed differently in benign and malignant prostate tumors, namely AR (1 isof), AR (2 isof), PTEN, VIM, MMP9, KRT18, PCA3, HOTAIR and SCHLAP1. When different tumor stages were compared, we could identify six differentially expressed genes: KRT18, MMP9, VIM, PCA3, HOTAIR and SCHLAP1; when samples of tumors with different Gleason score were compared, we found that eight genes were expressed differently: AR (1isof), CDH1, KRT18, MMP9, OCLN, PCA3, HOTAIR and SCHLAP1. The data had a high level of heterogeneity pottentially due to various molecular subtypes of prostate cancer, i.e. a luminal subtype with ahigh expression of CDH1, OCLN, AR(1 isof), KRT18, NKX3-1 and PSA; the stem-like subtype with a high expression of mesenchymal markers CDH2, FN1 and VIM and low expression of the epithelial markers. It is noteworthy that lncRNAs were specifically expressed in these two molecular subtypes. Conclusions. EMT-related genes were differentially expressed in benign and malignant prostate tumors. High heterogeneity of expression levels, especially in adenocarcinoma groups, might suggest the existence of at least two different molecular subtypes, luminal and stem-like. Further experiments are necessary for specification of the molecular subtypes of prostate adenocarcinoma.Мета. Встановити відносну експресію у ЕМП-пов’язаних генах у зразках пухлин передміхурової залози та проаналізувати можливу кореляцію та зв'язок між рівнем експресії генів у різних групах пухлин та клінічними характеристиками раку передміхурової залози. Методи. Відносні рівні експресії 19 генів у 37 заморожених зразках тканин раку передміхурової залози з різними показниками Глісона та стадіями пухлин, 37 парних умовно-нормальних зразків тканини передміхурової залози та 20 зразків аденоми простати було детектовано кількісною ПЛР (QPCR). Результати. Було виявлено 9 диференційно експресованих генів у доброякісних та злоякісних пухлинах простати: (AR (1 isof), AR (2 isof), PTEN, VIM, MMP9, KRT18, PCA3, HOTAIR, SCHLAP1). На різних стадіях раку виявлено 6 диференційно експресованих генів (KRT18, MMP9, VIM, PCA3, HOTAIR, SCHLAP1), а за різними оцінками Глісона виявлено 8 диференційно експресованих генів (AR (1 isof), CDH1, KRT18, MMP9, OCLN, PCA3, HOTAIR, SCHLAP1). Спостерігався значний рівень дисперсії даних. Це можна пояснити наявністю різних молекулярних підтипів раку передміхурової залози: люмінальний підтип (висока експресія CDH1, OCLN, AR (1 isof), KRT18, NKX3-1, PSA) і стовбуровий (базальний) підтип (висока експресія мезенхимальних маркерів CDH2, FN1, VIM і низька експресія епітеліальних маркерів). Досліджені некодуючі РНК були специфічно експресованіі у двох молекулярних підтипах. Висновки. пов'язані з ЕМП гени диференційно експресуються у доброякісних та злоякісних пухлинах передміхурової залози. Висока дисперсія даних експресії, особливо в групах аденокарциноми, може бути свідченням принаймні двох різних молекулярних підтипів: люмінального і стовбурового (базального). Нами продемонструвано, що умовно-нормальні тканини передміхурової залози не є адекватним контролем. Для уточнення молекулярних підтипів аденокарциноми передміхурової залози необхідні додаткові дослідження.Цель. Установить уровни относительной экспрессии генов, связанных с ЭМП, в образцах опухолей предстательной железы и проанализировать возможную корреляцию и взаимосвязь между уровнем экспрессии генов в разных группах опухолей и клиническими характеристиками рака простаты. Методы. Относительные уровни экспрессии 19 генов в 37 замороженных образцах тканей рака предстательной железы с разными показателями Глисона и стадиями рака, 37 парных образцов условно-нормальной ткани простаты и 20 образцов аденомы предстательной железы были проанализированы с помощью количественной ПЦР (QPCR). Результаты. Было выявлено 9 дифференциально экспрессированных генов в доброкачественных и злокачественных опухолях предстательной железы: (AR (1 isof), AR (2 isof), PTEN, VIM, MMP9, KRT18, PCA3, HOTAIR, SCHLAP1). На разных стадиях рака были идентифицированы 6 дифференциально экспрессированных генов (KRT18, MMP9, VIM, PCA3, HOTAIR, SCHLAP1), тогда как с разными показателями по шкале Глисона было найдено 8 дифференциально экспрессированных генов (AR (1isof), CDH1, KRT18, MMP9, OCLN, PCA3, HOTAIR, SCHLAP1). Наблюдалась очень высокая дисперсия данных. Это может быть объяснено наличием различных молекулярных подтипов рака предстательной железы: люминального подтипа (высокая экспрессия CDH1, OCLN, AR (1 изоф), KRT18, NKX3-1, PSA) и стволового (базального) подтипа (высокая экспрессия мезенхимальных маркеров CDH2, FN1, VIM и низкая экспрессия эпителиальных маркеров). Исследованные некодирующие РНК специфически экспрессировались в двух молекулярных подтипах. Выводы. Гены, связанные с ЭМП, были дифференциально экспрессированы в доброкачественных и злокачественных опухолях предстательной железы. Высокая дисперсия данных экспрессии, особенно в группе аденокарцином, может свидетельствовать, по меньшей мере, о двух разных молекулярных подтипах: люминальном и базальном. Мы продемонстрировали, что условно-нормальные ткани простаты не являются адекватным контролем. Для уточнения молекулярных подтипов аденокарциномы предстательной железы необходимы дополнительные исследования

Diluted magnetic layered semiconductor InSe:Mn with high Curie temperature

We present a detailed study of layered semiconductor InSe doped with Mn. Xray and neutron diffraction analyses of (In,Mn)Se single crystals show the presence of a main phase as In₁−xMnxSe solid solution, the second antiferromagnetic MnSe phase, and traces of In₄ Se₃ Magnetic measurements reveal ferromagnetic behavior of (In,Mn)Se with the Curie temperature about 800 K. The ferromagnetic cluster model and exchange interaction via 2D electron gas, as the reasons of spontaneous magnetization, are discussed. The dramatic transformation of (In,Mn)Se electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra as a function of temperature is revealed. At the magnetic field perpendicular to crystallographic c axis, a low-field line within the temperature range 70 down to 4.7 K is observed. It shifts to smaller magnetic fields with temperature decrease. Neutron diffraction studies reveal the strong rise for one of the reflection peaks with temperature decrease in the same temperature region where ESR spectra transformation occurs. This peak corresponds to double MnSe interplanar distance in the [111] direction what is a period of its magnetic lattice. Magnetic structure of (In,Mn)Se single crystal is discussed

Measurements of Ξ(1530)0{\Xi \left( 1530\right) ^{0}} and Ξ‾(1530)0{\overline{\Xi }\left( 1530\right) ^{0}} production in proton–proton interactions at sNN\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 17.3 = 17.3 GeV \text{ GeV } in the NA61/SHINE experiment

Double-differential yields of $\Xi\left(1530\right)^{0}$ and $\overline{\Xi}\left(1530\right)^{0}$ resonances produced in \pp interactions were measured at a laboratory beam momentum of 158~\GeVc. This measurement is the first of its kind in \pp interactions below LHC energies. It was performed at the CERN SPS by the \NASixtyOne collaboration. Double-differential distributions in rapidity and transverse momentum were obtained from a sample of 26$\cdot$10$^6$ inelastic events. The spectra are extrapolated to full phase space resulting in mean multiplicity of $\Xi\left(1530\right)^{0}$ (6.73 $\pm$ 0.25 $\pm$ 0.67)$\times10^{-4}$ and $\overline{\Xi}\left(1530\right)^{0}$ (2.71 $\pm$ 0.18 $\pm$ 0.18)$\times10^{-4}$. The rapidity and transverse momentum spectra and mean multiplicities were compared to predictions of string-hadronic and statistical model calculations

Measurements of Ξ−{\Xi }{^-} and Ξ‾+\overline{\Xi }{^+} production in proton–proton interactions at sNN\sqrt{s_{NN}}=17.3 GeV = 17.3 GeV in the NA61/SHINE experiment

International audienceThe production of $\Xi (1321)^{-}$ and $\overline{\Xi }(1321)^{+}$ hyperons in inelastic p+p interactions is studied in a fixed target experiment at a beam momentum of 158 $\hbox {Ge}\hbox {V}\!/\!c$. Double differential distributions in rapidity ${y}$ and transverse momentum $p_{T}$ are obtained from a sample of 33M inelastic events. They allow to extrapolate the spectra to full phase space and to determine the mean multiplicity of both ${\Xi }{^-}$ and $\overline{\Xi }{^+}$. The rapidity and transverse momentum spectra are compared to transport model predictions. The ${\Xi }{^-}$ mean multiplicity in inelastic p+p interactions at 158 $\hbox {Ge}\hbox {V}\!/\!c$ is used to quantify the strangeness enhancement in A+A collisions at the same centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair

137 ancient human genomes from across the Eurasian steppes

Descriptive and Comparative Linguistic

On the issue concerning diagnosis of the posterior laryngeal cleft in a newborn with multiple congenital anomalies

V.I. Petrova1, A.V. Dmitriev1,2, N.V. Fedina1, A.L. Zaplatnikov2 1I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University, Ryazan, Russian Federation 2Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation The article describes a rare congenital anomaly — laryngeal cleft in a newborn. Laryngeal anomaly occurs with a frequency of 1 per 10–20 thousand newborns. There are 4 types depending on the lesion depth and tracheoesophageal fistula presence. Clinical manifestations are characterized by diverse nonspecific symptoms in the form of dysphagia, cough, aspiration, stridor. Condition severity is determined by the anomaly depth and degree, as well as concomitant somatic and neurological child pathology. There is no prenatal diagnosis. The gold standard of diagnostics is videolaryngoscopy, in which a doctor can study in detail the structure of the laryngeal cartilage and vocal cords from any angle, and, if necessary, take photos and videos. Medical and surgical treatment of the laryngeal cleft is quite complicated and depends on the cleft type and size, concomitant pathology, as well as the condition of the child. The article presents a clinical case of a type III laryngeal cleft in a newborn with multiple congenital anomalies, and a diagnostic search for a cleft. An infant at the age of 7 months underwent the endoscopic suturing of this defect, which allowed restoring enteral nutrition and normalizing the child nutritional status. Keywords: dysphagia, laryngeal cleft, congenital anomalies, newborn, diagnosis, endoscopic correction. For citation: Petrova V.I., Dmitriev A.V., Fedina N.V., Zaplatnikov A.L. On the issue concerning diagnosis of the posterior laryngeal cleft in a newborn with multiple congenital anomalies. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2023;6(4):433–437 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-4-17. <br