Structural changes in lower ionosphere wind trends at midlatitudes

Long-term variability of the mesosphere/lower thermosphere (lower E region ionosphere) since 1970 has been analyzed using wind data series obtained at Collm (52° N, 15° E) using the LF drift method and at Obninsk (55° N, 37° E) applying VHF meteor radar. Applying piecewise linear trend analysis with a priori unknown number and positions of breakpoints shows that trend models with breakpoints are generally to be preferred against straight lines. There is a strong indication for a change of trends in wind parameters around 1975–1980. Similar changes are also found in the lower atmosphere, e.g., in tropospheric temperatures. This indicates a coupling between atmospheric layers at time scales of decades

The Atmospheric Chemistry Suite (ACS) of Three Spectrometers for the ExoMars 2016 Trace Gas Orbiter

The Atmospheric Chemistry Suite (ACS) package is an element of the Russian contribution to the ESA-Roscosmos ExoMars 2016 Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) mission. ACS consists of three separate infrared spectrometers, sharing common mechanical, electrical, and thermal interfaces. This ensemble of spectrometers has been designed and developed in response to the Trace Gas Orbiter mission objectives that specifically address the requirement of high sensitivity instruments to enable the unambiguous detection of trace gases of potential geophysical or biological interest. For this reason, ACS embarks a set of instruments achieving simultaneously very high accuracy (ppt level), very high resolving power (>10,000) and large spectral coverage (0.7 to 17 μm—the visible to thermal infrared range). The near-infrared (NIR) channel is a versatile spectrometer covering the 0.7–1.6 μm spectral range with a resolving power of ∼20,000. NIR employs the combination of an echelle grating with an AOTF (Acousto-Optical Tunable Filter) as diffraction order selector. This channel will be mainly operated in solar occultation and nadir, and can also perform limb observations. The scientific goals of NIR are the measurements of water vapor, aerosols, and dayside or night side airglows. The mid-infrared (MIR) channel is a cross-dispersion echelle instrument dedicated to solar occultation measurements in the 2.2–4.4 μm range. MIR achieves a resolving power of >50,000. It has been designed to accomplish the most sensitive measurements ever of the trace gases present in the Martian atmosphere. The thermal-infrared channel (TIRVIM) is a 2-inch double pendulum Fourier-transform spectrometer encompassing the spectral range of 1.7–17 μm with apodized resolution varying from 0.2 to 1.3 cm−1. TIRVIM is primarily dedicated to profiling temperature from the surface up to ∼60 km and to monitor aerosol abundance in nadir. TIRVIM also has a limb and solar occultation capability. The technical concept of the instrument, its accommodation on the spacecraft, the optical designs as well as some of the calibrations, and the expected performances for its three channels are described

Semi-empirical model of middle atmosphere wind from the ground to the lower thermosphere

During recent years, special attention has been paid to understanding the background circulation of the middle atmosphere. Particularly in the mesosphere/lower thermosphere (MLT) region, this has involved including data from a range of new radar measurements. It has also involved the comparison of existing empirical middle atmosphere wind models, such as CIRA-86 and HWM-93 to the new data. This has led to the construction of empirical models of MLT winds such as the Global Empirical Wind Model (GEWM). Further investigations are aimed at the construction of new empirical and semi-empirical wind models of the entire middle atmosphere including these new experimental results. The results of a new wind climatology (0-100 km) are presented here, based upon the GEWM, a reanalysis of stratospheric data, and a numerical model which is used to fill the gap between data from the stratospheric and MLT regions. © 2008 COSPAR

Effective-Range Expansion of the Neutron-Deuteron Scattering Studied by a Quark-Model Nonlocal Gaussian Potential

The S-wave effective range parameters of the neutron-deuteron (nd) scattering are derived in the Faddeev formalism, using a nonlocal Gaussian potential based on the quark-model baryon-baryon interaction fss2. The spin-doublet low-energy eigenphase shift is sufficiently attractive to reproduce predictions by the AV18 plus Urbana three-nucleon force, yielding the observed value of the doublet scattering length and the correct differential cross sections below the deuteron breakup threshold. This conclusion is consistent with the previous result for the triton binding energy, which is nearly reproduced by fss2 without reinforcing it with the three-nucleon force.Comment: 21 pages, 6 figures and 6 tables, submitted to Prog. Theor. Phy

Отходы от переработки ягодного сырья Уссурийской тайги – источники природных антиоксидантов

This paper presents the data on studying of administration of guelder-rose (Viburnum sargentii K.) extract «Kalifen®» for restoration of disorders antioxidant protection system indicators of an organism of doctors in the course of professional activity. In blood plasma of participants it was found the increasing level of malone dialdehyde, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activity, reduction of the antiradical activity and reduced glutathione level, which testify to stress of the antioxidant defense system. Administration of Kaliphen during 6 weeks resulted in restoration of biochemical parameters of blood to control levels. Approved the restoration effect of extract from a guelder-rose on indicators of antioxidant defence system of an organism. «Kalifen®» could be recommended as a prophylactic remedy under the high stress levels.Приведены данные по изучению применения экстракта из калины (Viburnum sargentii K.) «Калифен®» для восстановления нарушений показателей системы антиоксидантной защиты организма врачей в процессе профессиональной деятельности. В плазме крови обследованных до приема экстракта было обнаружено повышение содержания молонового деальдигида, активности супероксиддисмутазы и глутатионпероксидазы, снижение уровня антирадикальной активности и восстановленного глутатиона, что говорит о напряжении антиоксидантной системы организма. Применение калифена в течение 6-ти недель сопровождалось восстановлением биохимических параметров крови до контрольных значений. Доказан восстанавливающий эффект экстракта из калины на показатели системы антиоксидантной защиты организма. «Калифен®» можно рекомендовать в качестве профилактического средства при повышенных стрессорных нагрузках

The first Russian experience in successfully using an implantable СardioWest TAH-t artificial heart system (SynCardia)

The paper describes the first Russian experience in using an implantable CardioWest TAH-t artificial heart (AH) system (SynCardia, USA) to treat critical heart failure. The AH system was implanted in a 60-year-old female patient with dilated cardiomyopathy, a limited probability of survival, and unoperated defects. The main medical and technical characteristics of the AH system and the patient’s clinical status in the preoperative and immediate and late (up to 238 days) postoperative periods are presented. Indications for and contraindication to implantation of the system and its possible application modes are considered. Equipment and a procedure for AH implantation, approaches to postoperative management, and treatment policy for postoperative complications are described in detail. The application of the AH system permitted the patient to wait for a donor heart. The latter was successfully transplanted in the patient

Semi-empirical model of middle atmosphere wind from the ground to the lower thermosphere

During recent years, special attention has been paid to understanding the background circulation of the middle atmosphere. Particularly in the mesosphere/lower thermosphere (MLT) region, this has involved including data from a range of new radar measurements. It has also involved the comparison of existing empirical middle atmosphere wind models, such as CIRA-86 and HWM-93 to the new data. This has led to the construction of empirical models of MLT winds such as the Global Empirical Wind Model (GEWM). Further investigations are aimed at the construction of new empirical and semi-empirical wind models of the entire middle atmosphere including these new experimental results. The results of a new wind climatology (0-100 km) are presented here, based upon the GEWM, a reanalysis of stratospheric data, and a numerical model which is used to fill the gap between data from the stratospheric and MLT regions. © 2008 COSPAR