Physical Informal Learning Environment on Campus Ground: A Review

Past few decades, there has been a raft amplifying interest in higher education institutions, nationally and internationally, in the creation of new types of learning environment supporting learner-centered or constructivist pedagogy. This paper reviews the effectiveness of the physical informal learning environment initiated by learners outside their formal lecture hours in higher education. The aim of this paper is to present a synthesis of 40 studies from 1979 to 2016 on pyhsical informal learning setting on campus. Learning is the essential activity of colleges and universities. Commonly learning occurs in classrooms which identified as formal learning and sometimes its results from serendipitous interactions among individuals at transitional spaces which classified as informal learning. Space whether physical or virtual can have an impact on learning. Thus, it can bring people together, encourage exploration, collaboration, and discussion. Space can carry an unspoken message of silence which mentioned as the power of built pedagogy in colleges and universities. Nevertheless, the subject remains topical due to the dynamism of the variables, particularly the pedagogy, learning media, spaces, learners themselves and the study location. However, exploring the intermediate space as physical informal learning environment that affect students’ performance and satisfaction in higher education remain crucial and decisive among educators and researchers. Therefore, there is a growing interest in higher education institutions, nationally and internationally, in the creating of new types of learning environment supporting learnercentered or constructivist pedagogy. Hence, The Next Generation Learning Spaces project team (NGLS) under Australian Learning & Teaching Council ( The University Of Queensland) , explored the interdependence of pedagogy, space, and technology to develop the Pedagogy-Space-Technology (PST) framework which permits institutions to develop new teaching and learning setting that will strengthen student engagement and enhance learning outcomes. This paper contributes to the paramount significance of the quality informal learning environment in order to accomplish functional obligation and cater for learner’s emotional urgency for enthusiasm and touch of identity

Alternative Dispute Resolution vs. Judicial Conciliation in the Civil Process of Transit States: A Comparative Study

The study investigates the current problems of judicial and extra-judicial conciliation procedures (alternative ways of resolving civil disputes) in states that have just started implementing such a procedural tool. Despite the fact that the term "conciliation procedures” is actively used in the science of civil procedure, this category is rather vague in countries that are just beginning to apply judicial conciliation in parallel with other conciliation procedures. Priority attention is focused on practical, legislative, and scientific problems of applying this procedural tool for rapid resolution of legal conflicts in Ukraine, as a state that only in 2017 (and in fact since the beginning of 2018) introduced this legal innovation. The purpose of the study is to elaborate on the legal nature and correlation between judicial conciliation (settlement of civil disputes with the participation of a judge under Ukrainian legislation) and alternative ways of resolving civil disputes. The study is based on several scientific methods that have identified the logic and general direction of knowledge of the problem of judicial conciliation. In particular, to determine the legal nature, essence, criteria of correlation, and delimitation of alternative dispute resolution and judicial conciliation, the study used the dialectical scientific cognition method. The study engages in a comparative study of the statutory regulation of similar procedures in the Russian Federation and Belarus legislation. It is concluded that alternative dispute resolution and judicial conciliation are closely interrelated and, depending on their types, can sometimes manifest themselves as synonymous categories or institutions of law. Keywords: Mediation, negotiations, arbitration, commercial arbitration, civil dispute

Samarium Promoted Ni/Al2O3 Catalysts for Syngas Production from Glycerol Pyrolysis

The current paper reports on the kinetics of glycerol reforming over the alumina-supported Ni catalyst that was promoted with rare earth elements. The catalysts were synthesized via wet impregnation method with formulations of 3 wt% Sm-20 wt% Ni/77 wt% Al2O3. The characterizations of all the as-synthesized catalysts were carried out, viz.  BET specific surface area measurements, thermogravimetri analysis for temperature-programmed calcination studies, FESEM for surface imaging, XRD to obtain diffraction patterns, XRF for elemental analysis, etc.. Reaction studies were performed in a stainless steel fixed bed reactor with reaction temperatures set at 973, 1023 and 1073 K employing weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) of 4.5×104 mL g-1 h-1. Agilent GC with TCD capillary column was used to analyze gas compositions. Results gathered showed that the BET specific surface area was 2.09 m2.g-1 for the unpromoted Ni catalyst while for the promoted catalysts, was 2.68 m2.g-1. Significantly, the BET results were supported by the FESEM images which showed promoted catalysts exhibit smaller particle size compared to the unpromoted catalyst. It can be deduced that the promoter can increase metal dispersion on alumina support, hence decreasing the size of particles. The TGA analysis consistently showed four peaks which represent water removal at temperature 373-463 K, followed by decomposition of nickel nitrate to produce nickel oxide. From reaction results for Sm promotion showed glycerol conversion, XG of 27% which was 7% higher than unpromoted catalyst. The syngas productions were produced from glycerol decomposition and created H2:CO product ratio which always lower than 2.0. The H2:CO product ratio of 3 wt% Sm promoted Ni/Al2O3 catalyst was 1.70 at reaction temperature of 973 K and glycerol partial pressure of 18 kPa and suitable enough for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. 

Role of Confidence and Supply Chain Strategy during Legitimization of Justice in Countries of Transitional Period

In recent years representatives of various sciences began to pay attention to the problems of legitimacy of power, making them the subject of scientific and political discussions by considering the supply chain strategy. At the same time, geopolitical changes in the world put on the agenda the search for effective ways of transition to democracy, which was the impetus to the development of the concept of "transit society" and its separate direction - "transit justice". Instability, as a characteristic feature of this stage of social development, bring significant attention to the legitimacy of power and its institutions. Indeed, this question largely determines the perspectives for stabilizing society. It becomes relevant in relation to justice and court system that represents it. The legitimization of court acts as a prerequisite for the legitimization of other authorities and democratic processes in the state. In the most widespread definition of institutional confidence is an integral element of legitimacy and supply chain provides the process for its better transparency. In regard to court it implies faith in the fairness of its actions and decisions as well as public recognition of its authority. In this article we studied key questions about the role of confidence in the legitimization of justice in the countries of transitional period. We argued that the level of confidence in justice in society is directly proportional to the level of its civil consciousness. The informational nature of both predetermines the need of using of information methods for building confidence in court as a necessary condition for legitimizing justice in transitional society

A Conceptual Model of the Determinants of Life Satisfaction Among Young Adult Consumers

The purpose of this paper is to propose a conceptual framework which provides a better understanding on the various factors that contributes to life satisfaction among young adult consumers. Several conceptual and empirical studies have examined the impact of various socialization agents on materialism and its link to life satisfaction, however, no studies have examined the link between young adults’ characterized by a specific family communication pattern, and its implications on the development of materialistic values and life satisfaction. This paper presents a conceptual framework which attempts to examine and review the role of materialism as a potential mediating variable in the relationship between young adults, who are characterized by a specific type of family communication patterns at home (i.e., either socio-oriented, concept-oriented or religiously oriented family communication), and life satisfaction. Finally, a set of propositions on the basis of theory research is presented, together with a concluding remark.Key words: Family communication environment; Materialism; Life satisfaction; Young adult consumer

An Empirical Study of the Relationship Between Young Adults Consumers Characterized by Religiously-Oriented Family Communication Environment and Materialism

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between young adult consumers who are characterized by a particular family communication pattern at home, and their level of materialistic values. The data was collected through self-administered questionnaires. A general profile of the respondents is discussed in the study, and the sample consisted of 956 respondents. The majority of the respondents were Malays followed by Chinese and Indians. The proportion of female respondents was higher than the male respondents. Most of the respondents were single and in the age group of between 19-29 years old. Pearson correlation was employed to examine the associations between the main constructs of the proposed model. Specifically, it was found that the correlation coefficient between materialism and socio-oriented family communication, concept-oriented family communication and religiously-oriented family communication were positive and significant. Internal consistency reliability assessment using Cronbach coefficient alpha revealed that all the four dimensions had high reliability. The implications, significance and limitations of the study are discussed. Key words: Materialism, socio-oriented family communication, concept-oriented family communication, religiously-oriented family communication, young adults. RÉSUMÉ: L’objectif de cette étude est d’examiner la relation entre les jeunes adultes consommateurs qui sont caractérisés par un schéma de communication de la famille notamment à la maison, et leur niveau de valeurs matérialistes. Les données ont été collectées par le biais questionnaires autoadministrés. Un profil général des répondants est discuté dans l’étude, et l’échantillon se composait de 956 répondants. la majorité des répondants ont été suivis par les Chinois Malais et les Indiens. la proportion de répondants de sexe féminin était plus élevé que les répondants de sexe masculin. la plupart des répondants étaient célibataires et dans le groupe d’âge des entre 19-29 ans. de corrélation de Pearson a été utilisé pour examiner les associations entre les constructions principales du modèle proposé. Plus précisément, il a été constaté que le coefficient de corrélation entre le matérialisme et de la communication de la famille socio-orientée, la communication familiale orienté concept et religieusement-communication axée sur la famille sont positifs et significatifs. évaluation de la fiabilité interne cohérence à l'aide du coefficient alpha de Cronbach a révélé que tous les quatre dimensions ont une grande fiabilité. le implications, la signification et les limites de l'étude sont discutés.Mots clés: Matérialisme, La communication familiale socio-orientée, La communication familiale orienté concept, La communication familiale d’orientation religieuse, Les jeunes adultes

The Tantalizing Factors Associated with Compulsive Buying Among Young Adult Consumers

Most economies cannot prosper without production and mass consumption. However, when consumers overspend to keep up with the Joneses, they will be in trouble, both financially and psychologically. Indeed, when consumers allow spending to take over their lives, they suffer from an obsessive disorder commonly known as compulsive buying. The purpose of this paper is to propose a conceptual model based primarily on existing scientific and empirical research to explain the possible mechanism responsible in young adult consumers’ development of compulsive buying tendencies. The role of television viewing, family and peer communication environment on the development of materialistic values among young adult consumers is reviewed. Next, the effect of materialism on the development of compulsive buying behaviour is re-examined, and an integrated model of compulsive buying is formulated. On the basis of prior empirical research, materialism is highlighted as a possible moderator in the relationship between television viewing, family and peer communication environment influences on the development of compulsive buying tendencies among young adult consumers. Prior studies conducted in the domain of family environment and compulsive buying behaviour among young adult consumers, did not addressed (any) specific effect of family communication patterns on the development of compulsive buying tendencies.Key words: Compulsive buying; Materialism; Television viewing influences; Family and peer communication environment influences; Young adult consumer

Mec-associated dru typing in the epidemiological analysis of ST239 MRSA in Malaysia.

The usefulness of mec-associated dru typing in the epidemiological analysis of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated in Malaysia was investigated and compared with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and spa and SCCmec typing. The isolates studied included all MRSA types in Malaysia. Multilocus sequence type ST188 and ST1 isolates were highly clonal by all typing methods. However, the dru typing of ST239 isolates produced the clearest discrimination between SCCmec IIIa and III isolates, yielding more subtypes than any other method. Evaluation of the discriminatory power for each method identified dru typing and PFGE as the most discriminatory, with Simpson’s index of diversity (SID) values over 89%, including an isolate which was non-typeable by spa, but dru-typed as dt13j. The discriminatory ability of dru typing, especially with closely related MRSA ST239 strains (e.g., Brazilian and Hungarian), underscores its utility as a tool for the epidemiological investigation of MRSA