MEASURING THE IMPACT OF SKILL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS BY SELF-HELP GROUPS ON YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN INDIA

Abstract The study investigates the measurable impact of skill development programs initiated by Self-Help Groups (SHGs) on youth employment in India. In recent years, skill development initiatives have gained prominence as a means to enhance employability and livelihood prospects among the youth population. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of such programs, specifically those implemented through SHGs, in addressing youth unemployment challenges. Through a combination of quantitative analysis and qualitative case studies, this research examines the extent to which skill development programs offered by SHGs contribute to improving the employability and job placement rates of young individuals. The study evaluates various dimensions, including the acquisition of relevant vocational skills, enhancement of soft skills, and provision of job-oriented training. It also delves into the factors that influence the success of these programs, such as program design, delivery mechanisms, and collaborations with local industries. Findings from this study offer insights into the strengths and limitations of SHG-driven skill development initiatives, shedding light on their role in reducing youth unemployment rates. By examining successful case studies and identifying best practices, this research provides recommendations to optimize the impact of skill development programs by SHGs. Ultimately, the research contributes to the ongoing discourse on youth employment strategies, offering valuable insights for policymakers, development practitioners, and stakeholders interested in promoting inclusive growth and sustainable livelihoods through SHGs and skill enhancement programs

A Multi-Spacecraft View of Solar-Energetic-Particle Onsets in the 1977 November 22 Event

We examine the onset timing of solar energetic particles (SEPs) in the large ground-level event (GLE) of 1977 November 22 as observed from six spacecraft at four distinct solar longitudes. In most cases, it was possible to use velocity dispersion of the energetic protons to fix the solar particle release (SPR) time and the path-length traveled by the initial particle burst from each solar longitude. We find that the SPR times do depend upon solar longitude, being earliest for spacecraft that are magnetically well-connected to the source region, and later for longitudes on the flanks of the outward driven shock wave. The earliest SPR time occurs well after peak photon emission from the associated Ha flare. These observations are consistent with conclusions derived from single-longitude observations of different GLE events

Antisite Domains in Double Perovskite Ferromagnets: Impact on Magnetotransport and Half-metallicity

Several double perovskite materials of the form A_2BB'O_6 exhibit high ferromagnetic T_c, and significant low field magnetoresistance. They are also a candidate source of spin polarized electrons. The potential usefulness of these materials is, however, frustrated by mislocation of the B and B' ions, which do not organise themselves in the ideal alternating structure. The result is a strong dependence of physical properties on preparative conditions, reducing the magnetization and destroying the half-metallicity. We provide the first results on the impact of spatially correlated antisite disorder, as observed experimentally, on the ferromagnetic double perovskites. The antisite domains suppress magnetism and half-metallicity, as expected, but lead to a dramatic enhancement of the low field magnetoresistance.Comment: 6 pages, pdflatex, EPL styl

Realization of OFCC based transimpedance mode instrumentation amplifier

The paper presents an instrumentation amplifier suitable for amplifying the current source transducer signals. It provides a voltage output. It has a high gain, common mode rejection ratio and gain independent bandwidth. It uses three Operational Floating Current Conveyors (OFCCs) and four resistors. The effect of nonidealities of OFCC on performance of proposed transimpedance instrumentation amplifier (TIA) is also analyzed. The proposal has been verified through SPICE simulations using CMOS based schematicThe paper presents an instrumentation amplifier suitable for amplifying the current source transducer signals. It provides a voltage output. It has a high gain, common mode rejection ratio and gain independent bandwidth. It uses three operational floating current conveyors (OFCCs) and four resistors. The effect of nonidealities of OFCC on performance of proposed transimpedance instrumentation amplifier (TIA) is also analyzed. The proposal has been verified through SPICE simulations using CMOS based schematic

Biomedical Signal Processing and Healthcare Applications: Innovations and Challenges

Biomedical Signal Processing takes into consideration the steps and the stages included in the preprocessing of physiological signals, recording the data, and examining the trends in the dataset. Such an aspect has been achieved with the aid of digital transformation of the working grounds in the healthcare industry. Through the inclusion of thematic analysis, key themes and concepts are drawn based on the secondary qualitative evidence gathered, and the information was inspected as per the views and opinions of the authors and co-authors

Nutrição de ferro das plantas: química e fisiologia da sua deficiência e toxicidade

Iron deficiency and toxicity are important yield limiting factors in crop production around the world. In this review, an attempt is made to summarize the information on diagnosis of Fe deficiency and toxicity, chemistry of Fe in soil, mechanism of Fe uptake, role of chelates in Fe nutrition, factors affecting Fe availability to crop plants and measures required to correct Fe deficiency and toxicity. A brief discussion about Fe toxicity in flooded rice is also included. Information presented in this review article should provide a basis for correcting this nutritional disorder in crop plants, and indicates new research efforts needed to solve Fe stress problems.A deficiência e toxidez de Fe são fatores que limitam o rendimento das culturas. Nesta revisão é apresentado um resumo das informações sobre a diagnose da deficiência e toxidez química do Fe no solo, mecanismo de absorção, importância dos quelados de Fe na nutrição de plantas, fatores que afetam a disponibilidade de Fe e dos métodos de correção da deficiência e toxidez de Fe. É feita também uma discussão resumida sobre toxidez de Fe com arroz irrigado. Esta revisão fornece informações básicas para correção de desordens nutricionais que envolvem Fe, e sugere pesquisas a serem feitas visando solucionar problemas de estresse de Fe

Agriculture under a changing Climate

The agriculture sector in PICs is critically important for food security and livelihoods at the household, community, national, and regional levels. Climate change is already impacting and will continue to impact agriculture in both the short and long term. PICs need to transform the agriculture sector for it to remain prominent and relevant in Pacific communities. There is a need for the agriculture sector in PICs to become resilient to the negative impacts of climate change while simultaneously increasing production to feed a growing population. In addition, there is a need to reduce the negative environmental impacts of unsustainable agriculture on soil, waterways, and the atmosphere (through the release of greenhouse gas emissions). Agricultural transformation can be achieved in PICs through focusing on a systems-oriented perspective that recognizes the foundational importance of healthy soils. Opportunities exist to strengthen existing partnerships and forge new ones to address information and resourcing constraints

Systematic evaluation of chromosome conformation capture assays [preprint]

Chromosome conformation capture (3C)-based assays are used to map chromatin interactions genome-wide. Quantitative analyses of chromatin interaction maps can lead to insights into the spatial organization of chromosomes and the mechanisms by which they fold. A number of protocols such as in situ Hi-C and Micro-C are now widely used and these differ in key experimental parameters including cross-linking chemistry and chromatin fragmentation strategy. To understand how the choice of experimental protocol determines the ability to detect and quantify aspects of chromosome folding we have performed a systematic evaluation of experimental parameters of 3C-based protocols. We find that different protocols capture different 3D genome features with different efficiencies. First, the use of cross-linkers such as DSG in addition to formaldehyde improves signal-to-noise allowing detection of thousands of additional loops and strengthens the compartment signal. Second, fragmenting chromatin to the level of nucleosomes using MNase allows detection of more loops. On the other hand, protocols that generate larger multi-kb fragments produce stronger compartmentalization signals. We confirmed our results for multiple cell types and cell cycle stages. We find that cell type-specific quantitative differences in chromosome folding are not detected or underestimated by some protocols. Based on these insights we developed Hi-C 3.0, a single protocol that can be used to both efficiently detect chromatin loops and to quantify compartmentalization. Finally, this study produced ultra-deeply sequenced reference interaction maps using conventional Hi-C, Micro-C and Hi-C 3.0 for commonly used cell lines in the 4D Nucleome Project

Transposable Elements Are Co-opted as Oncogenic Regulatory Elements by Lineage-Specific Transcription Factors in Prostate Cancer

Transposable elements hold regulatory functions that impact cell fate determination by controlling gene expression. However, little is known about the transcriptional machinery engaged at transposable elements in pluripotent and mature versus oncogenic cell states. Through positional analysis over repetitive DNA sequences of H3K27ac chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing data from 32 normal cell states, we report pluripotent/stem and mature cell state–specific “regulatory transposable elements.” Pluripotent/stem elements are binding sites for pluripotency factors (e.g., NANOG, SOX2, OCT4). Mature cell elements are docking sites for lineage-specific transcription factors, including AR and FOXA1 in prostate epithelium. Expanding the analysis to prostate tumors, we identify a subset of regulatory transposable elements shared with pluripotent/stem cells, including Tigger3a. Using chromatin editing technology, we show how such elements promote prostate cancer growth by regulating AR transcriptional activity. Collectively, our results suggest that oncogenesis arises from lineage-specific transcription factors hijacking pluripotent/stem cell regulatory transposable elements.</p