The Domestic Culture Shown by Valluvar

Thirukkural, the sweet, living entity of the Tamil man, is divided into three divisions, namely, virtue, wealth, and pleasure, and consists of 133 chapters and 1330 couplets in nine parts. Thirukkural is translated into more than 110 languages. Manakkudavar was the first to write the foreword to this book, which has been translated into the second most widely translated language in the world. Nevertheless, Parimelazhagar's foreword is hailed as the best text. Malaiyatthuvasamakanar Gnanaprakasam published this book in Thanjavur in 1812. Thirukkural has been praised by Leo Tolstoy, Bernard Shaw, G.U. Pope, Veerama Munivar, and many others. Bharathi said that Tamil Nadu has become famous by giving Valluvan to the world, and Bharathidasan praised that this world received fame due to having Valluvan. This article is intended to examine the cultural records found in the chapter on Married Life in Domestic Virtue in such an excellent Thirukkural

CHOLESTEROL-LOWERING PROPERTY OF BACILLUS CEREUS STRAIN KAVK4 ISOLATED FROM BUTTER

ABSTRACTObjectives: The aim of the present study was to check the cholesterol-lowering property of Bacillus cereus strain KAVK4 at different concentration ofcholesterol, different pH, different temperature, and different incubation time.Methods: B. cereus strain KAVK4 was isolated from butter by spread plate method. The cholesterol-lowering property was studied by adding differentconcentration of cholesterol in nutrient agar medium. Further, the cholesterol-lowering ability was optimized at various parameters such as differentconcentration of cholesterol, different pH, different temperature, and different incubation time.Results: B. cereus strain KAVK4 was utilized cholesterol and grown well in nutrient medium containing cholesterol at 1 mg/ml concentration. Thecholesterol utilization was optimized at 1 mg/ml concentration, the optimal pH was at 8, the temperature at 30°C, and the incubation period was at24 hrs.Conclusion: B. cereus strain KAVK4 was able to utilize cholesterol from the culture medium. Hence, B. cereus strain KAVK4 has been reported ascholesterol lowering agent.Keywords: Cholesterol lowering, Bacillus cereus, pH, Temperature, Time

Path based load balancing for data center networks using SDN

Due to the increase in the number of users on the internet and the number of applications that is available in the cloud makes Data Center Networking (DCN) has the backbone for computing. These data centre requires high operational cost and also experience the link failures and congestions often. Hence the solution is to use Software Defined Networking (SDN) based load balancer which improves the efficiency of the network by distributing the traffic across multiple paths to optimize the efficiency of the network. Traditional load balancers are very expensive and inflexible. These SDN load balancers do not require costly hardware and can be programmed, which it makes it easier to implement user-defined algorithms and load balancing strategies. In this paper, we have proposed an efficient load balancing technique by considering different parameters to maintain the load efficiently using Open FlowSwitches connected to ONOS controller

Comparison of low dose daily Cisplatin versus weekly Cisplatin concurrently with accelerated radiotherapy in locally advanced head and neck cancers

AIM &OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare the immediate loco regional response rates in locally advanced squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck treated with low dose daily Cisplatin versus weekly Cisplatin concurrently with accelerated radiation and also to assess and compare the acute toxicity in both arms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This double arm prospective study was conducted in dept of radiotherapy, MMC between October 2016 to august 2017 with sample Size of 30 patients in each arm in Stage 3 &4 locally advanced head and Cancers with squamous histology excluding nasal cavity and nasopharynx patients. The mean age of the patient was around 50 years, mostly males with ECOG status 0-1. Arm 1 was given low dose daily Cisplatin 6 mg/m2 in 50ml NS Over ten minutes after hydration with 500 ml NS one hour before RT on OP basis with anti emetics only. Arm 2 was given weekly Cisplatin 40 mg/m2 with proper premedication and hydration. RT was same in both arms, given as accelerated RT of 2Gy per fraction in 35 fractions of 70 GY, 6 days per week in a phased manner completed in 6weeks. All patients were assessed weekly by clinical examination and with a CECT Neck, 4 -6 weeks after completion of treatment. RESULT: In arm 1, 24 (80%) patients had complete response and 6 (20%) had partial response. In arm 2, (73%) 22 had complete response and (27%) 8 had partial response. Acute toxicities like dermatitis, mucositis, dysphagia, laryngitis were observed in both arms but slightly more in arm 2 which was manageable. DISCUSSION: Low-dose daily Cisplatin offers ease of administration in the outpatient clinic obviating the need for hydration, diuresis, prophylactic antiemesis, and hospitalization without increasing long-term toxicity and also with good complete response than weekly schedule, provided extra caution is adopted before and during treatment. Low dose Cisplatin is not inferior to weekly Cisplatin schedule and it is comparable. Based on this, it can be recommend in centers that are overburdened with patients provided, they have enough supportive man power in terms of nurses and dietician who can take care and advice regarding nutrition and hydration

Effectiveness of ginger tea on dysmenorrhea among college students in Sree Mookambika College of Nursing.

Dysmenorrhea is common among college students which affect daily activities leading to limitations of their social, academic and recreational activities. The main objectives of the study was to assess the effectiveness of ginger tea on dysmenorrhea among college students. The research design selected for the study was nonequivalent pre test and post test control group design. A purposive sampling techniques was used to obtain sample of 60 college students (30 in experimental group and control group); who satisfied the inclusion criteria. Pre-test level of dysmenorrhea was estimated by using numerical Pain Rating Scale, for both experimental and control group followed by ginger tea 100ml was administrated 3 times(morning, afternoon, evening) on the first 2 days of menstruation for the experimental group. On the second day evening post test was done for experimental and control group by using the same scale. Ethical aspect of this study maintained throughout the study. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study identified that 43.33% had moderate pain, 56.67% had severe pain and none of them hade mild and no pain for the experimental group. In control group 46.67% had moderate pain, 53.33% had severe pain. The study result shows that the pre-test mean value for experimental group is 7.03 and pre-test SD s 1.09. In control group the pre-test mean value is 6.96 and pre-test SD is 1.06. The post-test mean value for experimental group is 3.36 and post-test SD is 1.54. In control group post-test mean value is 6.26 and SD is 1.17. The mean difference is 3.66. The calculated‘t’ value is 15.19 is higher than the table value 2.05. Hence there is a reduction in level of dysmenorrhea after administration of Ginger tea among college students. The study concluded that Ginger tea found to be an effective non-pharmacological measures to reduce dysmenorrhea among college students

Green Synthesis and Characterization of Antibacterial Studies by Iron Oxide Nanoparticles using Carica papaya Leaf Extract

In present years, the synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) has established excessive potential in biological applications due to their non-toxic role in biological systems, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Ongoing research efforts focused on IONPs in the expansion of novel technologies as they can be synthesized with surface modification. Here we have studied the antibacterial effects of IONPs which were synthesized effectively through a green synthesis route by using leaf extract of the Carica papaya plant. The formation of IONPs was confirmed by the color change. The crystallinity of IONPs was determined by XRD and the morphology by using SEM, which showed spherical particles of well-dispersed size. The absorption peak was determined by UV–vis spectroscopy at 390 nm. Average particle size distribution was obtained at 56 nm using PSA.  FL spectroscopy indicated the higher emission wavelength by redshift at 641.6 nm. TGA showed that the IONPs are thermally stable up to 200⁰C with no decomposition. The outcome would pave a way for utilizing IONPs for better biomedical application

Synthesis of Iron Oxide Magnetic Nanoparticles: Characterization and its Biomedical Application

In the present time, Iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (IOMNPs) have paid considerable attention due to their exclusive applications in terms of surface-to-volume ratio, superparamagnetism, high surface area, biosensor, bio-separation, catalysis, and biomedicine. Our goal was to synthesis iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles by chemical route technique. The preparation method had a very large effect on the size, shape, and surface chemistry of the magnetic nanoparticles including their applications. The iron chloride solution was prepared by mixing deionized water with iron chloride tetrahydrate. The synthesized powder was characterized by XRD, UV-vis, SEM, FT-IR, DLS, FL, and TGA techniques. Moreover, antibacterial activity was evaluated using the synthesized IOMNPs against Escherichia coli (A), Pseudomonas (B), Enterobacter (C), Staphylococcus aureus (D), and Bacillus subtilis (E) in the concentration of 0.1 mg and 0.5 mg. The results showed that Bacillus subtilis possess a higher antibacterial activity at the concentration of 0.5 mg comparing the other bacterial species. The outcome of this work would contribute to the present understanding of the biomedical application with the obtained size, shape, and synthesized method

Length–weight relationship of the endemic velvet leatherjacket, Lalmohania velutina (Hutchins, 1994) inhabiting Gulf of Mannar waters (southeast coast of India)

1097-1098Length–weight relationship (LWR) of an endemic fish, velvet leatherjacket, Lalmohania velutina (Hutchins, 1994) inhabiting Gulf of Mannar (GoM), southeast coast of India was determined during the present study. A total of 131 individuals (male n = 84; females n = 47) were collected from bycatch of shore seines in GoM and used for establishing LWR of this endemic species. The calculated value for parameter 'b' of LWRs were 2.5189, 2.6174 and 2.5614 for male, female and for total individuals (pooled), respectively. Maximum total length (TL) recorded for a female individual (TLmax = 13.4 cm) is the new report of maximum TL in L. velutina. The present study is the first reference on the length-weight relationship and the new maximum length recorded for L. velutina

A Secured Joint Encrypted Watermarking In Medical Image Using Block Cipher Algorithm

ABSTRACT At present year, most of the hospitals and diagnostic centre have exchanging the biomedical information through wireless media. reliability of the information can be verified by adding ownership data as the watermarking and encryption in the original information. In our proposed work, a joint encryption/watermarking system for the purpose of protecting medical image. This system based on approach which combines a substitutive watermarking algorithm with an encryption algorithm, advanced encryption standard (AES) in counter mode. If the watermarking and encryption are conducted jointly at the protection stage, watermark extraction and decryption can be applied independently. The capability of our system to securely make available security attributes in encrypted domains while minimizing the elapsed time. Furthermore, by making use of the AES algorithm in counter (CTR) mode make our compliant with the DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) standard

Impact of age at type 2 diabetes mellitus diagnosis on mortality and vascular complications: systematic review and meta-analyses

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Few studies examine the association between age at diagnosis and subsequent complications from type 2 diabetes. This paper aims to summarise the risk of mortality, macrovascular complications and microvascular complications associated with age at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. METHODS: Data were sourced from MEDLINE and All EBM (Evidence Based Medicine) databases from inception to July 2018. Observational studies, investigating the effect of age at diabetes diagnosis on macrovascular and microvascular diabetes complications in adults with type 2 diabetes were selected according to pre-specified criteria. Two investigators independently extracted data and evaluated all studies. If data were not reported in a comparable format, data were obtained from authors, presented as minimally adjusted ORs (and 95% CIs) per 1 year increase in age at diabetes diagnosis, adjusted for current age for each outcome of interest. The study protocol was recorded with PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42016043593). RESULTS: Data from 26 observational studies comprising 1,325,493 individuals from 30 countries were included. Random-effects meta-analyses with inverse variance weighting were used to obtain the pooled ORs. Age at diabetes diagnosis was inversely associated with risk of all-cause mortality and macrovascular and microvascular disease (all p < 0.001). Each 1 year increase in age at diabetes diagnosis was associated with a 4%, 3% and 5% decreased risk of all-cause mortality, macrovascular disease and microvascular disease, respectively, adjusted for current age. The effects were consistent for the individual components of the composite outcomes (all p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Younger, rather than older, age at diabetes diagnosis was associated with higher risk of mortality and vascular disease. Early and sustained interventions to delay type 2 diabetes onset and improve blood glucose levels and cardiovascular risk profiles of those already diagnosed are essential to reduce morbidity and mortality. Graphical abstract