On the automatic design of multi‑objective particle swarm optimizers: experimentation and analysis.

Research in multi-objective particle swarm optimizers (MOPSOs) progresses by proposing one new MOPSO at a time. In spite of the commonalities among different MOPSOs, it is often unclear which algorithmic components are crucial for explaining the performance of a particular MOPSO design. Moreover, it is expected that different designs may perform best on different problem families and identifying a best overall MOPSO is a challenging task. We tackle this challenge here by: (1) proposing AutoMOPSO, a flexible algorithmic template for designing MOPSOs with a design space that can instantiate thousands of potential MOPSOs; and (2) searching for good-performing MOPSO designs given a family of training problems by means of an automatic configuration tool (irace). We apply this automatic design methodology to generate a MOPSO that significantly outperforms two state-of-the-art MOPSOs on four well-known bi-objective problem families. We also identify the key design choices and parameters of the winning MOPSO by means of ablation. FAutoMOPSO is publicly available as part of the jMetal framework.Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga / CBU

Lecciones básicas de Derecho e instituciones de la Unión Europea

Los materiales docentes que aquí se presentan pretenden ser un texto de ayuda y consulta para aquellos que se acercan al Derecho de la Unión Europea; en ellos no sólo se contienen los conceptos básicos de la materia, sino que se han añadido a éstos, una serie de actividades didácticas y formativas específicamente orientadas al estudiante, y que le han de servir como instrumento para poder asentar sus conocimientos mediante la realización de prácticas y autoevaluaciones.The teaching materials presented here are intended as a help text and consultation for those who come to the European Union law; they not only contain the basic concepts of matter, but that have been added to these, a series of educational activities and training specifically geared toward the student, and that you have to serve as the instrument to be able to hone their knowledge through practical work and self-evaluations

The impact of COVID-19 on physical activity on people who participate on running and cycling sporting events people in Spain and Portugal

UIDB/04647/2020 UIDP/04647/2020The aim of this article is to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on physical activity on people who participate on running and cycling sporting events people in Spain and Portugal. It was considered The situation of sports practice in Spain and Portugal prior to the outbreak of COVID-19, as both governments legislate to protect citizens from the pandemic and it was analyzed the consequences of these acts. A descriptive investigation was carried out using a questionnaire (N=2696) and descriptive statistical analysis according to characteristics and distribution (test of normality) of different variables: frequencies, average, maximum and minimum values, median and IQR. From the results, the following can be highlighted: a) almost complete coincidence between both countries, of the generic profile of the practitioners; the order, by percentage, of the variables, and even the percentages of each variable for four of the five dimensions analyzed; b) the dimension that differs the most is how practitioners in Spain and Portugal adapted during the confinement time, and c) at all times the respondents perceived that the adaptations would be temporary and it was a matter of a few months before they returned to the normality. These data allow to understand the effect of COVID-19 pandemic had on physical activity on people who participate on sporting events in the natural environment in Spain and Portugal.publishersversionpublishe

TITAN: A knowledge-based platform for Big Data workflow management

Modern applications of Big Data are transcending from being scalable solutions of data processing and analysis, to now provide advanced functionalities with the ability to exploit and understand the underpinning knowledge. This change is promoting the development of tools in the intersection of data processing, data analysis, knowledge extraction and management. In this paper, we propose TITAN, a software platform for managing all the life cycle of science workflows from deployment to execution in the context of Big Data applications. This platform is characterised by a design and operation mode driven by semantics at different levels: data sources, problem domain and workflow components. The proposed platform is developed upon an ontological framework of meta-data consistently managing processes and models and taking advantage of domain knowledge. TITAN comprises a well-grounded stack of Big Data technologies including Apache Kafka for inter-component communication, Apache Avro for data serialisation and Apache Spark for data analytics. A series of use cases are conducted for validation, which comprises workflow composition and semantic meta-data management in academic and real-world fields of human activity recognition and land use monitoring from satellite images.Universidad de Málaga. Andalucía TECH

Keck HIRES Spectroscopy of Extragalactic HII Regions: C and O Abundances from Recombination Lines

We present very deep spectrophotometry of 14 bright extragalactic HII regions belonging to spiral, irregular, and blue compact galaxies. The data for 13 objects were taken with the HIRES echelle spectrograph on the Keck I telescope. We have measured CII recombination lines in 10 of the objects and OII recombination lines in 8 of them. We have determined electron temperatures from line ratios of several ions, specially of low ionization potential ones. We have found a rather tight linear empirical relation between Te([NII]) and Te([OIII]). We have found that OII lines give always larger abundances than [OIII] lines. Moreover, the difference of both O++ abundance determinations --the so-called abundance discrepancy factor-- is very similar in all the objects, with a mean value of 0.26+/-0.09 dex, independently of the properties of the HII region and of the parent galaxy. Using the observed recombination lines, we have determined the O, C, and C/O radial abundance gradients for 3 spiral galaxies: M33, M101, and NGC2403, finding that C abundance gradients are always steeper than those of O, producing negative C/O gradients accross the galactic disks. This result is similar to that found in the Milky Way and has important implications for chemical evolution models and the nucleosynthesis of C.Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ, 54 pages, 4 figure

Public-private partnerships and sustainable development goals: proposal for the implementation of the 2030 Agenda

The importance of non-governmental organizations of achieving the sustainable development goals: The fight against racial discrimination of Roma in Europe / Cristina Hermida del Llano (pp. 15-26). -- Investiment promotion regimes for least developed countries / María Ángeles Cano Linares (pp. 27-45). -- Alliances with international organizations: How the OSCE has contributed to the SDGs / Elena C. Díaz Galán (pp. 47-58). -- Spanish commitment to official development aid with gender perspective / Diana M. Verdiales López (pp. 59-77). -- Project of entrepreneurship of the Guambiano indigenous community: Public-private alliances in the Republic of Colombia / Cristina del Pardo Higuera (pp. 79-95). -- The contribution of petroleum companies to enviromental protection in a framework of compliance with the 2030 Agenda: a necessary alliance / María Sagrario Morán Blanco (pp. 97-122). -- Public-private partnerships and access to water and sanitation in Latin America (SDG 6) / Manuel Rodríguez Barrigón (123-138). -- The renewed commercial and investment agreements: the progressive incorporation of Human Rights and sustainable development goals / Jorge Urbaneja Cillán (pp. 139-152). -- Towards using data as a development lever for cities: the case of Singapore and the smart nation initiative / Benoît Lopez (pp. 153-162). -- Which access to green technologies for developing countries? / Dayana Morales Mina (pp. 163-172). -- Strenght institutional and normative framework to implement effective capacity building actions: a critical regional analysis / Andrés Bautista-Hernáez (pp. 173-185)

TITAN: A knowledge-based platform for Big Data workflow management

Modern applications of Big Data are transcending from being scalable solutions of data processing and analysis, to now provide advanced functionalities with the ability to exploit and understand the underpinning knowledge. This change is promoting the development of tools in the intersection of data processing, data analysis, knowledge extraction and management. In this paper, we propose TITAN, a software platform for managing all the life cycle of science workflows from deployment to execution in the context of Big Data applications. This platform is characterised by a design and operation mode driven by semantics at different levels: data sources, problem domain and workflow components. The proposed platform is developed upon an ontological framework of meta-data consistently managing processes and models and taking advantage of domain knowledge. TITAN comprises a well-grounded stack of Big Data technologies including Apache Kafka for inter-component communication, Apache Avro for data serialisation and Apache Spark for data analytics. A series of use cases are conducted for validation, which comprises workflow composition and semantic meta-data management in academic and real-world fields of human activity recognition and land use monitoring from satellite images.This work has been partially funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation via Grant PID2020 112540RB-C41 (AEI/FEDER, UE) and Andalusian PAIDI program with grant P18-RT-2799. Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga / CBUA

Coastal spatial-temporal changes with Landsat 8 and Sentinel2 imagine (2015-2019) in Central Chile; Reñaca Beach, Concón Bay and Algarrobo Bay

[EN] Due to their oceanographic and climatic ecological characteristics, the coastal areas of the Valparaíso Region of Chile are of great importance for the country's tourist, economic, and environmental development. The region's coasts have been affected by extreme events since 2015, with recurrent swells that have increased between 10% and 25% compared to previous years, causing the interruption of the annual dynamic process of the beaches accentuated by anthropic interventions on beaches, wetlands and coastal dunes that promote coastal degradation. This work aims to characterize which part of the beaches and at what time of year there is a higher risk of severe erosion in the immediate areas to the coast and explain its causes based on satellite images of medium resolution satellite images. 128 SDS were extracted with Landsat 8 OLI and Sentinel 2 images with systems SHOREX. Average widths calculated for the series in each of the seasons. Recording the minimum widths in the proximal areas with averages of 12.3 m; 23.6 m and 21.2 m Concón Bay, Reñaca Beach and Algarrobo bay, respectively showing critical or problematic states. The dominant direction of the waves and the geographical disposition of the three beaches seems evident that there is a robust longitudinal transport to the north that generates less sediment accumulation in the proximal areas. The seasonal variation of the beaches distinguishes by more energetic conditions in winter than in summer. But they are also influenced by rapid episodic periods, low atmospheric pressure systems from the north and south, swells and tropical storms. Hence, it is unlikely that the variations in the width of the beach are only due to winter-summer energetic conditions.[ES] Las áreas costeras de la región de Valparaíso de Chile por sus características oceanográficas, climáticas y ecológicas son de gran importancia para el desarrollo turístico, económico y ambiental del país. Las costas de la región se han visto afectadas por eventos extremos desde 2015, con marejadas recurrentes que han aumentado respecto a años anteriores entre el 10% y 25%. Esto ha provocado la interrupción del proceso dinámico anual de las playas, acentuado por las intervenciones antrópicas sobre estos ambientes costeros, humedales y dunas que promueven su degradación. El trabajo que se presenta tiene como objetivo caracterizar en qué parte de las playas y en qué momento del año hay un riesgo más alto de erosión grave en las áreas inmediatas a la costa, así como tratar de explicar sus causas apoyándose en la utilización de imágenes satelitales de resolución media. Se extrajeron 128 SDS con imágenes Landsat 8 OLI y Sentinel 2 con el sistema SHOREX. Se calcularon los valores promedio de anchura de playa para la serie en cada una de las temporadas registrando anchuras mínimas en las zonas proximales de 12,3 m; 23,6 m y 21,2 m para la Bahía de Concón, Playa Reñaca y Bahía de Algarrobo respectivamente, demostrando estados críticos o problemáticos. La dirección dominante del oleaje y la disposición geográfica de las tres playas hace evidente la existencia de un fuerte transporte longitudinal hacia el norte que genera que las áreas proximales presenten menor acumulación de sedimentos. La variación estacional de las playas se caracteriza por condiciones más energéticas en invierno que en verano. No obstante, se ven también influenciadas por periodos episódicos rápidos, sistemas de bajas presiones atmosféricas del norte y del sur, así como marejadas y tormentas tropicales que se suman al moldeamiento de las playas.Este trabajo ha sido financiado por la Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo (ANID) a través del FONDEF IDeA I+D 2019 – Desafío País Adaptación al Cambio Climático y Desastres Naturales. Código Proyecto ID19I10361. Agradecimiento a los practicantes de Escuela de Geología de la Universidad Mayor por su colaboración en la toma de datos en campo y procesamiento de datos sedimentarios. Álvaro Millamán, Maximiliano Parrao, Catalina Cerda, Nicolás Rodríguez, a las asistentes, Natalia Medina, Roxana Mansilla. Al IHC Cantabria que nos ha cedido datos de oleaje y marea de la zona.Briceño De Urbaneja, I.; Sánchez-García, E.; Pardo Pascual, JE.; Palomar Vázquez, JM.; Ugalde-Peralta, R.; Aguirre-Galaz, C.; Perez Martinez, W.... (2021). Cambios espacio-temporales costeros con imágenes Landsat 8 y Sentinel 2 (2015-2019) en Chile Central; Playa Reñaca, Bahía de Concón y Bahía de Algarrobo. En Proceedings 3rd Congress in Geomatics Engineering. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 302-310. https://doi.org/10.4995/CiGeo2021.2021.12766OCS30231

Modelling the spray deposition and efficacy of two mineral oil-based products for the control of California red scale, Aonidiella aurantii (Maskell)

The pattern and quantity of pesticide deposition may affect the efficacy of pesticide treatments. In this study we evaluated under laboratory conditions the efficacy of two petroleum-derived spray oils (PDSO) (Laincoil ®, an nC21 oil with a content of 83% w/v, Oil A, and Sunspray Ultrafine ®, an nC21 with a content of 85% w/v, Oil B, both with an unsulfonated residue of 92%) applied at 1.5% concentration at five volumes (0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 4 ml) against different stages of Aonidiella aurantii Maskell (Homoptera: Diaspididae). In parallel, we characterized the deposition pattern of treatments resulting from these five volumes and two PDSOs. The objective was to model deposition characteristics and efficacy as a function of the deposited volume in order to determine the optimum volume per unit surface that should be applied to control this pest. Different models that depend on the developmental stage and relate to the efficacy of the treatment as a function of the deposited volume have been obtained for both PDSOs, thus providing a scientific basis for product efficacy comparison. Furthermore, our results are also relevant to find an adequate trade-off between sprayed pesticide volume and expected efficacy. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.This research was partially funded by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion de Espana (project AGL2007-66093-C04) and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER). C. Garcera was recipient of a grant from IVIA.Garcerá Figueroa, MDLC.; Moltó García, E.; Zarzo Castelló, M.; Chueca, P. (2012). Modelling the spray deposition and efficacy of two mineral oil-based products for the control of California red scale, Aonidiella aurantii (Maskell). Crop Protection. 31(1):78-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2011.10.004S788431

Polypropylene and polyvinylidene fluoride transobturator slings for the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence : 1-Year outcomes from a multicentre randomized trial

Finançament de: Fundación Dexeus Salud de la Mujer; CardiolinkTo compare the effectiveness and safety of polypropylene (PP) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) transobturator tapes (TOT) for the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence (SUI). This is a multicentre randomized trial. Women with SUI or stress-predominant mixed urinary incontinence and scheduled for a TOT procedure were randomized to PP or PVDF slings. The primary outcome was 1-year cure or improvement rate using composite criteria. Complications were also compared. Relationships with outcomes were analyzed using multivariable logistic regressions models. From April 2016 to January 2018 285 participants were randomized. PP and PVDF slings showed similar high cure or improvement rate (91.0% vs. 95.6%, p = .138). Improvement in validated questionnaires was also similar. PVDF slings were associated with a lower rate of de novo urgency incontinence (adjusted odds ratio = 0.35; 95% confidence interval = 0.15-0.80). We found no statistical differences in complications rates, although a higher incidence of long-term pain events were observed in the PP group. The study is underpowered to find differences in specific complications owing to the low number of events. PP and PVDF TOTs are equally effective, although PVDF is associated with fewer cases of de novo urgency incontinence. Further studies are needed to give robust conclusions on safety profiles