Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Some Finite Sums Involving Generalized Fibonacci and Lucas Numbers

By considering Melham's sums (Melham, 2004), we compute various more general nonalternating sums, alternating sums, and sums that alternate according to (−1)2+1 involving the generalized Fibonacci and Lucas numbers

Assesment of Opinions of Forensic Science Experts and Technicians On Global Pandemic Management Strategies Through SarsCov2 Pandemic

This study was implemented to assess the opinions of forensic science experts and techni cians of The Ministry of Justice Council of Forensic Medicine on global pandemic management strategies including new technologies and future scenarios through SARSCov2 pandemic. This prospective and descriptive research was carried out with a questionnair e that was asked to 244 personnel (forensic medicine specialist, forensic medicine resident, technician, other specialist from a different field, other specialist phsician) working at The Ministry of Justice Council of Forensic Medicine. The 40question su rvey included questions about participants’ level of knowledge perception about the pandemic and attitudes on measurestheir adequacynecessity, technological applications and the future of global management strategies. 93.8% (n=229) of the participants th ought they had knowledge about the pandemic and its transmission routes, 54.1% (n=132) found the applied pandemic management strategies effective and correct, and 76.6% (n =187) stated that it is necessary to use technological infrastructures in future sce narios. As a result, through hundreds of descriptive statictics results in 80 tables classified according to education level, occupation type and occupational experience level, in general, despite the changes in group tendencies according to different fact ors, the majority of participants were found to be obeying the routine necessities of the pandemic, hesitating on the global strategies, feeling closer to habitual technologies, feeling far to technologies which have never experienced before in daily life, giving answers with a high ratio of \"no opinion\" due to feeling obliged to give decisions gropely among unproven propabibilities or due to their hesitation on sharing their opinion even if they had an opinion. Moreover according to results, it was interpr eted that social engineering could easily be performed in any spesifically designed group

THE EFFECT OF THE MOTOR DEVELOPMENT TRAININGPROGRAM ON ROUGH AND FINE MOTOR DEVELOPMENTOF FIVE-SIX-YEAR OLD CHILDREN

Bu araştırmada kaba ve ince motor becerilerin kullanılmasını içeren 10 oturum ve 40 etkinlikten oluşan motor gelişim eğitim programının 5-6 yaş çocuklarının kaba ve ince motor gelişimlerine etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda araştırmanın çalışma grubuna Malatya il merkezinde tesadüfen seçilen bir anaokuluna devam eden 50 çocuk (25 kontrol-25 deney) dAhil edilmiştir. Araştırmada ön test-son test kontrol gruplu deneysel desen kullanılmıştır. Verileri elde etmek için araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen genel bilgi formu ile kaba ve ince motor becerilerin kullanımını içeren motor gelişim değerlendirme formu kullanılmıştır. Formda toplam 23 madde yer almaktadır. Formdaki maddelerin çocuklar tarafından gerçekleştirilip gerçekleştirilmediği araştırmacı tarafından belirlenen uygulama yönergesi ve materyaller ile değerlendirilmiştir. Verileri analiz etmek için SPSS 22 paket programı kullanılmıştır. Veriler normal dağılım göstermediğinden grup içi karşılaştırmalarda Wilcoxon İşaretli Sıralar Testi, gruplar arası karşılaştırmalarda Paired Sample t Testi kullanılmıştır. Sonuçta; çocukların kaba ve ince motor gelişimlerinde deney ve kontrol grubu arasında deney grubu lehine anlamlı fark olduğu saptanmıştır.In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effect of the motor development training program consisting of 10 sessions and 40 activities involving the use of gross and fine motor skills on the development of gross and fine motor skills of 5-6-year-old children. For this purpose, the study group included 50 children (25 control-25 experiment), who were going to a preschool selected randomly in the Province of Malatya. In the study, a pre- post-test control group design was utilized. For data collection, the general information form developed by the researchers and the motor development evaluation questionnaire, which questions the use of gross and fine motor skills, was used. There are 23 items in the questionnaire. Whether or not the items in the questionnaire were performed by children was assessed by the application guidelines and materials determined by the researcher. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22 package program. Since the data have no normal distribution, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for intragroup comparisons and Paired Sample t Test was used for inter-group comparisons. As a result, it was found that there was a significant difference between experimental and control groups in favor of experimental group in gross and fine motor development of children

Molecular diagnosis of Globodera rostochiensis Wollenweber (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae) in the potato growing areas of Aegean Region, Turkey [Ege Bölgesi patates alanlarinda Globodera rostochiensis Wollenweber, (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae)'in moleküler yöntemlerle saptanmasi]

DNA isolation was done by the 8 different cyst populations collected from the potato growing areas of Aegean Region (Turkey) between 2006-2008. As a result of Multiplex PCR conducted with species-specific primer, composing of band is observed in 435 bp as specific to Globodera rostochiensis Wollenweber (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae). By doing PCR with rDNA2 and rDNA1.58S primers of the same sample, as a consequence of cropping with Hinf l enzyme, in 233bp and 522bp band were confirmed as specific to G. rostochiensis. In this study, other potato cyst nematodes, Globodera pallida Stone, 1973 was not determined. Globodera rostochiensis was determined previously by using morphometric methods in Turkey. The identification of G. rostochiensis was confirmed by molecular methods with this study

Molecular diagnosis of Globodera rostochiensis Wollenweber (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae) in the potato growing areas of Aegean Region, Turkey [Ege Bölgesi patates alanlarinda Globodera rostochiensis Wollenweber, (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae)'in moleküler yöntemlerle saptanmasi]

DNA isolation was done by the 8 different cyst populations collected from the potato growing areas of Aegean Region (Turkey) between 2006-2008. As a result of Multiplex PCR conducted with species-specific primer, composing of band is observed in 435 bp as specific to Globodera rostochiensis Wollenweber (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae). By doing PCR with rDNA2 and rDNA1.58S primers of the same sample, as a consequence of cropping with Hinf l enzyme, in 233bp and 522bp band were confirmed as specific to G. rostochiensis. In this study, other potato cyst nematodes, Globodera pallida Stone, 1973 was not determined. Globodera rostochiensis was determined previously by using morphometric methods in Turkey. The identification of G. rostochiensis was confirmed by molecular methods with this study