Coach Competences to Induce Positive Affective Reactions in Sport and Exercise - A Qualitative Study

Positive affective reactions are a crucial aspect in physical activity maintenance. Affective reactions to sport and exercise were found to be important factors of physical activity. Coaches could be an important medium to induce positive affective reactions of participants in sport and exercise. Understanding how coaches trigger positive affective reactions (AR) during physical activity is a crucial aspect for increasing maintenance in sport and exercise. The aim of this study is to identify the competences of the coaches which are associated with perceived positive AR of participants during sport and exercise. To identify these factors, semistructured in-depth interviews were conducted with 18 participants, who take part in sport and exercise (nine female and nine male) of heterogeneous age (mean age 42.6; SD = 19.25; under 30 years, 30 to 60 years, 60 years and above) and who have different athletic backgrounds (individual sports, team sports, and gym classes). Four key coach competence factors were identified and used to design an integrated model. Three general competences: context sensitivity, social–emotional competences, professional competences, and the specific competences in the behaviour-related competences.Peer Reviewe

Positive affektive Reaktionen in Sport und Bewegung durch Verhaltens- und Handlungskompetenzen von Trainerinnen und Trainern

Diese Dissertation beschäftigt sich mit den Kompetenzen von Trainerinnen und Trainern zur Förderung der positiven affektiven Reaktionen im Kontext des Freizeit- und Gesundheitssports. Affektive Reaktionen sind eine wichtige Komponente zur Förderung der Aufrechterhaltung körperlicher Aktivität, wobei eine langfristige und kontinuierliche körperliche Aktivität die Voraussetzung für Gesundheitsförderung ist. Derzeit wird der Rolle von Trainerinnen und Trainern in Bezug auf die Gesundheitsförderung durch Sport wenig Beachtung geschenkt. Im Rahmen dieser Dissertation wurden in einer ersten qualitativen Interviewstudie mit Sporttreibenden die Auslöser von positiven affektiven Reaktionen aus dem Verhalten von Trainerinnen und Trainern exploriert und in vier Schlüsselkompetenzen eingeteilt: Kontextsensibilität, sozial-emotionale Kompetenzen, Fachkompetenzen und Metakompetenzen. Diese identifizierten Faktoren wurden in einem Kompetenz-Modell zusammengefasst, welches die zentralen Wirkzusammenhänge der Verhaltens- und Handlungskompetenzen hinsichtlich positiver affektiver Reaktionen aufzeigt. Daran anschließend wurde in einer zweiten qualitativen Interviewstudie mit Trainerinnen und Trainern das Modell bestätigt und hinsichtlich der Kompetenzen als unmittelbare Faktoren für positive affektive Reaktionen von Sporttreibenden in Bewegungsprogrammen des Freizeit- und Gesundheitssports weiterentwickelt. Dabei wurden drei Basiskompetenzen, nämlich sozial-emotionale Kompetenz, Kontextsensibilität und Fachkompetenz, als Faktoren der Handlungskompetenzen identifiziert. Aus diesen Basiskompetenzen leiten sich die drei spezifischen Handlungskompetenzen ab: Motivationskompetenz, Adaptationskompetenz und Organisationskompetenz. In einer dritten Studie wurde in einer quantitativen Untersuchung mittels Fragebogen und einer überprüfenden Kreuzvalidierung das Ziel verfolgt, ein Messinstrument zur Erfassung dieser Handlungskompetenzen von Trainerinnen und Trainern zu entwickeln und dessen Reliabilität, Konstruktvalidität und kriterienbezogene Validität zu untersuchen. Die identifizierten Auslöser von positiven affektiven Reaktionen von Sporttreibenden in Bewegungsprogrammen werden in der vorliegenden Dissertation in einem integrativen Modell zusammengefasst und strukturiert. Des Weiteren werden die Ergebnisse hinsichtlich der Durchführbarkeit in den Bewegungsprogrammen des Freizeit- und Gesundheitssports diskutiert. Diese Dissertation zeigt praktische Implikationen für Aus- und Weiterbildungsmaßnahmen von Trainerinnen und Trainern bzw. qualitätssichernde Maßnahmen zur Trainings- und Bewegungsgestaltung auf

Interoperability Between GRDC\u27s Data Holding And The GEOSS Infrastructure

The Global Runoff Data Centre (GRDC) operates under the auspices of the World Meteorological Organization as an international data centre for hydrological data and information on a global scale. Its primary objective is to support the water and climate related programmes and projects of the United Nations, its specialised agencies, and the scientific research community on global and climate change and integrated water resources management. The Global Runoff Database maintained by the GRDC is a valuable data resource and a subset of its data is contributed to the Global Earth Observation System of Systems’ (GEOSS) freely accessible Data Core. As a partner in the project GEOSS Interoperability for Weather, Ocean and Water (GEOWOW) the GRDC supports the evolving GEOSS in terms of interoperability, standardization and functionality. In the framework of GEOWOW a profile of the OGC Sensor Observation Service Interface Standard 2.0 (SOS) is being developed. This SOS Profile for the Hydrology Domain specifies extensions to the service interface and uses the OGC WaterML 2.0 standard for encoding hydrological time series data. Moreover, technical partners of the GEOWOW project facilitate software implementations of the standardization advancements. Deploying and incorporating these into GRDC’s data holding infrastructure allows for a seamless integration of GRDC’s data provision capabilities into GEOSS. Furthermore, client web applications to visualize time series data provided via an OGC Web Service infrastructure makes it possible to offer additional benefit and allows for accessing and assessing data more easily

Development and implementation of blood pressure screening and referral guidelines for German community pharmacists

Involvement of community pharmacists in the detection and control of hypertension improves patient care. However, current European or North‐American guidelines do not provide specific guidance how to implement collaboration between pharmacists and physicians, especially when and how to refer patients with undetected or uncontrolled hypertension to a physician. The German Society of Cardiology and the ABDA – Federal Union of German Associations of Pharmacists developed and tested referral recommendations for community pharmacists, embedded in two guideline worksheets. The project included a guideline‐directed blood pressure (BP) measurement and recommendations when patients should be referred to their physician. A “red flag” referral within 4 weeks was recommended when SBP was >140 mm Hg or DBP >90 mm Hg (for subjects 160 mm Hg or >90 mm Hg (≥80 years) in undetected individuals, or >130 mm Hg or >80 mm Hg (140 mm Hg or >80 mm Hg (≥65 years) in treated patients. BP was measured in 187 individuals (86 with known hypertension, mean [±SD] age 62 ± 15 years, 64% female, and 101 without known hypertension, 47 ± 16 years, 75% female) from 17 community pharmacies. In patients with hypertension, poorly controlled BP was detected in 55% (n = 47) and were referred. A total of 16/101 subjects without a history of hypertension were referred to their physician because of uncontrolled BP. Structured BP testing in pharmacies identified a significant number of subjects with undetected/undiagnosed hypertension and patients with poorly controlled BP. Community pharmacists could play a significant role in collaboration with physicians to improve the management of hypertension

A study on the psychometric properties of the short version of the physical activity enjoyment scale in an adult population

A new measure of the short form of the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES-S), including four items, has been developed that focuses on the subjective experience of enjoyment. As validation has so far only been conducted in a youth population, the purpose of the present article was to test the psychometric properties of the measure in an adult population in three studies. In the first study (n = 1017) the results supported the unidimensional structure of the instrument (χ2 = 10.0; df = 2; p < 0.01; CFI = 0.992; RMSEA = 0.063), revealed a satisfactory level of internal consistency (ω = 0.79), and showed that the measure is invariant across gender. The results on factorial validity and internal consistency were generally supported by the second study (n = 482), which additionally showed satisfactory test–retest reliability (r = 0.73). Finally, the third study (n = 1336) also supported the factorial validity and internal consistency of the measure and additionally showed a positive correlation with physical activity (r = 0.40), thus supporting the criterion-related validity of the measure. This more economical version of PACES seems to be particularly useful for large-scale studies

Quasi-elastic polarization-transfer measurements on the deuteron in anti-parallel kinematics

We present measurements of the polarization-transfer components in the $^2$H$(\vec e,e'\vec p)$ reaction, covering a previously unexplored kinematic region with large positive (anti-parallel) missing momentum, $p_{\rm miss}$, up to 220 MeV$/c$, and $Q^2=0.65$ $({\rm GeV}/c)^2$. These measurements, performed at the Mainz Microtron (MAMI), were motivated by theoretical calculations which predict small final-state interaction (FSI) effects in these kinematics, making them favorable for searching for medium modifications of bound nucleons in nuclei. We find in this kinematic region that the measured polarization-transfer components $P_x$ and $P_z$ and their ratio agree with the theoretical calculations, which use free-proton form factors. Using this, we establish upper limits on possible medium effects that modify the bound proton's form factor ratio $G_E/G_M$ at the level of a few percent. We also compare the measured polarization-transfer components and their ratio for $^2$H to those of a free (moving) proton. We find that the universal behavior of $^2$H, $^4$He and $^{12}$C in the double ratio $\frac{(P_x/P_z)^A}{(P_x/P_z)^{^1\rm H}}$ is maintained in the positive missing-momentum region

Методы и механизмы геттерирования кремниевых структур в производстве интегральных микросхем

Увеличение степени интеграции элементной базы предъявляет все более жесткие требования к уменьшению концентрации загрязняющих примесей и окислительных дефектов упаковки в исходных кремниевых пластинах с ее сохранением в технологическом цикле изготовления ИМС. Это обуславливает высокую актуальность применения геттерирования в современной технологии микроэлектроники. В статье рассмотрены существующие методы геттерирования кремниевых пластин и механизмы их протекания.Збільшення ступеня інтеграції елементної бази пред'являє все більш жорсткі вимоги до зменшення концентрації забруднюючих домішок та окислювальних дефектів упаковки у вихідних кремнієвих пластинах за її збереження у технологічному циклі виготовлення ІМС. Це обумовлює високу актуальність застосування гетерування в сучасній технології мікроелектроніки. Розглянуто існуючі методи гетерування кремнієвих пластин та розглянуто механізми їх перебігу.Increasing the degree of integration of hardware components imposes more stringent requirements for the reduction of the concentration of contaminants and oxidation stacking faults in the original silicon wafers with its preservation in the IC manufacturing process cycle. This causes high relevance of the application of gettering in modern microelectronic technology. The existing methods of silicon wafers gettering and the mechanisms of their occurrence are considered