REPEATING POLYETHYLENE DERIVATIVES OF THE LOW DENSE OF HRYBVOVITSKY DUMP

The dump in the village Veliky Gribovitchy near the city of Lviv (Lviv Solid Waste Landfill) is one of the largest environmental pollutants in the Lviv region. At present, the landfill is closed. The reason for the closure was the fire that arose on its territory on May 29, 2016, and the subsequent shift of a significant amount of garbage. Among the whole variety of polymer waste in the landfill, is the largest share of low density polyethylene waste (LDPW). The main products on the basis of LDPW, which fall on the Gribovitchy waste dump, are containers after repeated use, various packaging materials

Remodeling Of The Bone Tissue Of Rats Of Different Lines After Melatonin Effect

The markers of remodeling of bone tissue (BT) were studied after the impact of pharmacologic dose of melatonin (5 mg/kg of the animal body weight) during 28 days for 3-months rats-males of Wistar and SHR lines. The studies were carried out in autumn. The aim of our work was to study the indices of bone tissue remodeling of rats of Wistar and SHR lines after introduction of pharmacologic dose of exogenous melatonin.Biochemical and immune-enzyme methods of analysis were used in the study. In rats of Wistar line was revealed a reliable increase of activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) by 43,9% (Р<0,05), hyaluronidase activity (HA) by 15,4% and free thyroxin concentration (fТ4) by 30%. There was also registered the decrease of pyridinoline (PYD) concentration by 48% and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) by 46,7%. In rats of SHR line under the same conditions the results essentially differed. The activity of acid phosphatase (ACP) has a tendency to increase by 11,6%, and PYD concentration decreased by 25%. The concentrations of free triiodothyronine (fТ3) and fТ4 reliably increased by 51,3% and 31,1% respectively.In the result of research we revealed that melatonin plays the main role among several main factors of regulation of bone tissue remodeling. It has stimulating influence on bone tissue and hormones of thyroid gland

Management accounting in farm businesses

This thesis examines what management accounting (MA) practices are used in farms, how they are shaped and what their implications are. The four papers illustrate numerous linkages between MA, accountability, the firm, the manager and the wider context. Based on interview data, papers I and II explore the “how” and the “why” questions behind the use of MA and specifically performance measures concerning farm animals. Paper I explicates the use of certain practices as resulting from the relative extent of embeddedness in the institutional logics of family, farming and business, which arises through the learning and intensity of stakeholder interactions. Paper II illustrates how dairy farmers’ accounts operationalize farm animals, how farmers are made accountable for them and how accountability based on farm animal welfare is conceptually limited yet also posing opportunities through reflections on care. Based on survey and archival data, papers III and IV analyse the linkages of MA and financial literacy to financial outcomes. Paper III tests the positive association between debt and borrowing interactions on the use of performance measures, financial MA and compliance MA practices and their association with financial costs. It also indicates that while financial education is linked to the use of performance measures it is the farmers with a higher need for cognition and vigilant attitude to money as well as farms with more debt that use more financial MA. Paper IV develops a measure of managerial financial literacy of farmers and identifies which practices and financial outcomes it is associated with. Farmers are found to have higher financial literacy than previously suggested and it is positively associated with profitability and more analysis of annual financial statements and considerations of taxation

INVESTIGATIVE APPROACH IN OPERATIONS RESEARCH LEARNING USING MAXIMA SYSTEM

In the article the problems of using the systems of computer mathematics (SCM) as a tool to support the teaching and research activities in the field of informatics and mathematics disciplines training are investigated. The role of SCM in the process of bachelors of informatics training and special aspects of pedagogical applications of these systems in the “Operations research” study is defined. The main characteristics of SCM MAXIMA and the ways of organizing access to it both in local and the cloud-oriented implementation are considered. The results of the pedagogical experiment on MAXIMA application to support the investigative approach to operation research study and the analysis of its conclusions are reported. The use of SCM Maxima in the process of “Operations research” teaching aims at the forming students’ ICT-competences, including in a cloud-based environment due to: the acquaintance with functional characteristics of SCM Maxima; developing skills of mathematical research of the applied tasks, in particular the construction of mathematical models; mastering programming in the SCM Maxima; obtaining the necessary knowledge base for studying other disciplines; increasing the level of informatics acquirement by means of the extensive use of SCM and cloud oriented systems in the educational process and research work. The aim of the research is justification of Maxima system use of in the process “Operations research” teaching in the pedagogical university as enchasing the investigative approach to learning and determination of the perspective ways of its introductio

Розуміння договору у цивільному праві України та ЄС

The article is devoted to research a contract in the civil law of Ukraine and the European Union. The author examines the main scientific approaches of meaning a «contract» which covers such legal phenomena as a legal fact which is the basis for the emergence of civil rights and obligations; contractual obligation arising from a contract; and a document which establishes the fact of establishment of legal relationship between the parties. In the civil law of Ukraine, the qualifying feature of a contract as a transaction is its focus on achieving certain civil law consequences, i.e., the establishment, modification or termination of civil rights and obligations. It is on this basis that a civil law contract differs from the contractual forms used in other branches of law (labor, environmental, etc.), acquiring certain specific features there.In private law of the European Union, there are also different approaches of meaning a «contract» depending on legal system of state- members. In particular, there are «subjective» and «objective» theories of meaning «contract». The «subjective» theory defines a contract as an agreement between two or more parties aimed to establish rights and obligations. The «objective» theory of contract is associated with the restriction of the freedom, formal equality and the state’s influence on the process of concluding and executing contracts. European legislation is generally characterized by a restrictive approach to understanding the concept of contract in the sense of mutual will of the parties aimed at legal consequences. The most common approach in EU law is the «integrative approach to the concept of a contract» as an agreement between two or more parties or a promise by one party relied upon by the other party aimed at creating, changing or terminating civil rights and obligations.Стаття присвячена дослідженню розуміння правової природи договору у цивільному праві України та Європейського Союзу. Розглянуто основні наукові підходи до розуміння поняття «договір», який охоплює такі правові явища як юридичний факт, що виступає підставою виникнення цивільних прав і обов’язків; договірне зобов’язання (правовідношення), породжуване догoворoм; а також документ, у якому закріплюється факт встановлення між сторoнaми зобов’язального правoвідношення. В цивільному праві України кваліфікуючою ознакою договору, як правочину є спрямованість на досягнення певних цивільно-правових наслідків, тобто на встановлення, зміну або припинення цивільних прав і обов’язків. Саме за цією ознакою цивільно-правовий договір відрізняється від договірних форм, що використовуються в інших галузях права (трудовому, екологічному тощо), набуваючи там певних специфічних рис.У приватному праві Європейського Союзу наявні також різносторонні підходи до розуміння «договору» в залежності від правової системи, до якої належить та чи інша країна-член ЄС. Зокрема, виділяють «суб’єктивну» і «об’єктивну» теорії розуміння «договору». «Суб’єктивна» теорія визначає договір як згоду двох або більшої кількості осіб, спрямовану на встановлення взаємних прав та обов’язків. «Об’єктивна» теорія договору пов’язана з обмеженням свободи сторін, їх формальної рівності та впливом держави на процес укладення та виконання договорів. Європейське законодавство загалом характеризується обмежувальним підходом до розуміння поняття договору в значенні взаємної волі сторін, спрямованої на правові наслідки. Найбільш поширеним у праві ЄС є «інтегративний підхід до розуміння поняття договору» як домовленості двох і більше сторін або обіцянку однієї сторони, на яку розраховувала інша сторона, спрямовані на виникнення, зміну або припинення цивільних прав та обов’язків

Chinese linguistics: an introduction (1.st ed.). Arcodia, G. F., & Basciano, B. (2021). Oxford University Press, 341 pages, ISBN: 978-0-19-884783-0

Book review of Chinese Linguistics - An Introduction by Giorgio Francesco Arcodia and Bianca Basciano. The book is a functional text on Chinese languages, which a focus on Modern Standard Chinese. As stated in the first chapter, the aim of the book is to give a general presentation of the most important matters of Chinese linguistics research, both in and out of China. The book includes many current topics about the Chinese languages and their research, which are treated at length; for example what's Chinese linguistics, an overview of Sinitic languages, explanation about Chinese dialects, syntax, phonology, morphology and writing, etc.&nbsp

Higher education development in independent Ukraine (1991-2002)

The article deals with the problem of higher education development in independentUkrainein the period 1991-2002. The main ways of reforming the education system are outlined. The priorities of the state policy in the development of education are revealed. Areas of international cooperation in the field of education and science are of great importance