Young People Who Meaningfully Improve Are More Likely to Mutually Agree to End Treatment

Objective: Symptom improvement is often examined as an indicator of a good outcome of accessing mental health services. However, there is little evidence of whether symptom improvement is associated with other indicators of a good outcome, such as a mutual agreement to end treatment. The aim of this study was to examine whether young people accessing mental health services who meaningfully improved were more likely to mutually agree to end treatment. / Methods: Multilevel multinomial regression analysis controlling for age, gender, ethnicity, and referral source was conducted on N = 8,995 episodes of care [Female = 5,469, 61%; meanAge = 13.66 (SD = 2.87) years] using anonymised administrative data from young people's mental health services. / Results: Compared to young people with no change in mental health difficulties, those showing positive meaningful changes in mental health difficulties were less likely to have case closure due to non-mutual agreement (Odds Ratio or OR = 0.58, 95% Confidence Interval or CI = 0.50–0.61). Similarly, they were less likely to transfer (OR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.49–0.74) or end treatment for other reasons (OR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.50–0.70) than by case closure due to mutual agreement. / Conclusion: The findings suggest that young people accessing mental health services whose symptoms meaningfully improve are more likely to mutually agree to end treatment, adding to the evidence that symptom improvement may be appropriate to examine as an indicator of a good outcome of accessing mental health services

Evidence-based psychotherapeutic interventions for young people with mood disorders: a systematic review

INTRODUCTION: Mood disorders are amongst the most common groups of mental disorders in young people (YP). Depression may affect 8-20% of all YP and may result in a cascade of negative developmental outcomes predicting long-term morbidity and poor functioning. In view of this, the COST action ‘European Network of Individualized Psychotherapy Treatment of Young People with Mental Disorders’ (TREATme) was set up to help improve mental health services in YP.OBJECTIVES: One of the overarching aims of TREATme is to carry out a systematic review to assess for the effectiveness of psychotherapeutic interventions in YP. In this study, we present results from the systematic review of treatment effectiveness of youth interventions for mood disorders.[excerpt]peer-reviewe

Influence of the Temperature and the Genotype of the HSP90AA1 Gene over Sperm Chromatin Stability in Manchega Rams

The present study addresses the effect of heat stress on males' reproduction ability. For that, we have evaluated the sperm DNA fragmentation (DFI) by SCSA of ejaculates incubated at 37°C during 0, 24 and 48 hours after its collection, as a way to mimic the temperature circumstances to which spermatozoa will be subject to in the ewe uterus. The effects of temperature and temperature-humidity index (THI) from day 60 prior collection to the date of semen collection on DFI were examined. To better understand the causes determining the sensitivity of spermatozoa to heat, this study was conducted in 60 males with alternative genotypes for the SNP G/C−660 of the HSP90AA1 promoter, which encode for the Hsp90α protein. The Hsp90α protein predominates in the brain and testis, and its role in spermatogenesis has been described in several species. Ridge regression analyses showed that days 29 to 35 and 7 to 14 before sperm collection (bsc) were the most critical regarding the effect of heat stress over DFI values. Mixed model analyses revealed that DFI increases over a threshold of 30°C for maximum temperature and 22 for THI at days 29 to 35 and 7 to 14 bsc only in animals carrying the GG−660 genotype. The period 29–35 bsc coincide with the meiosis I process for which the effect of the Hsp90α has been described in mice. The period 7–14 bsc may correspond with later stages of the meiosis II and early stages of epididymal maturation in which the replacement of histones by protamines occurs. Because of GG−660 genotype has been associated to lower levels of HSP90AA1 expression, suboptimal amounts of HSP90AA1 mRNA in GG−660 animals under heat stress conditions make spermatozoa DNA more susceptible to be fragmented. Thus, selecting against the GG−660 genotype could decrease the DNA fragmentation and spermatozoa thermal susceptibility in the heat season, and its putative subsequent fertility gainsPublishe

Psychological Interventions for Young People With Psychotic Disorders: A Systematic Review

Background: Psychotic disorders are commonly accompanied by intense psychological burden, and psychological interventions are usually needed in order to reduce the symptoms and help in maintaining or improving the level of psychological and social functioning after the onset of psychosis. The evidence-base for treating young people at risk for psychosis and adults with psychotic disorders is accumulating. Yet, pervasive systematic literature reviews that would include patients from the full age range being the most essential period for the risk of developing a psychotic disorder, a wide range of psychological interventions, and various types of clinical trials, have been lacking. The aim of this systematic review is to fill the gap by presenting the current research evidence from clinical trials on the effectiveness of psychological interventions for treating young people (12–30) with psychotic disorders. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed and PsycINFO followed by a 3-step screening process based on the PICOS strategy. Risk of bias of the included studies was assessed by the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Extracted data from the included studies is reported using a narrative synthesis. Results: Of the 1,449 publications screened, 40 from 25 studies were included in the review. Of these, 10 studies reported results from cognitive or behavioral therapy, nine from cognitive remediation therapy (CRT), and six from other types of therapies (i.e., integrative interventions combining psychoeducation and family/group interventions). All but one study found the target interventions to be effective, but the results mostly did not differ significantly from the control conditions in reducing symptoms and improving functioning, preventing relapses and hospitalization, or improving psychological or family variables. The most consistent findings were from CRT, showing more improvement in cognitive functioning compared to control conditions while not being superior in reducing symptom severity. Integrative interventions might be effective in treating young people suffering from psychotic disorders. Conclusion: There is some evidence that psychological interventions are effective for young people with psychotic disorders. However, with regard to symptom severity, psychotherapy does not outperform control conditions, and the results do not strongly favor any specific type of treatment. Systematic Review Registration: [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020166756], identifier [CRD42020166756]. Copyright © 2022 Gergov, Milic, Löffler-Stastka, Ulberg, Vousoura and Poulsen

Estimation of iron nanoparticles’ substance biosafety in vitro and in vivo

The aim of the work was to estimate biosafety of iron nanoparticles’ substance according to in vitro and in vivo tests. Materials and Methods: biosafety of the substance of 40 nm sized spherical zero-valent iron nanoparticles has been established in vitro using cytotoxicity and genotoxicity tests. Biosafety in vivo has been determined according to the acute toxicity parameter (LD50) and the effect on cardiac function and state of rabbits’ hemodynamics. Results: there were no cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of iron nanoparticles’ substance on the test culture of eukaryotic cells. In case of intravenous injection of nanoparticles the average LD50 for BALB/с mice was 220.3 mg/kg. Iron nanoparticles’ substance injected intravenously was safe according to hemodynamic parameters. Conclusion: obtained data on biosafety estimation denotes low level of potential risks associated with iron nanoparticles’ substance

Антимікробна активність наночастинок срібла in vitro

Silver nanoparticles possess a high potential as an antimicrobial substance against a wide spectrum of bacteria, including antibiotic-resistant strains. Antimicrobial properties of silver nanoparticles with 30 nm in diameter synthesized according to the original protocol have been determined in this study. In in vitro study using the serial dilutions method in the solid medium the minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) of silver nanoparticles against such test-strains as Staphylococcus aureus MRSA ATCC 43300, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Escherichia coli ATCC 2592, Shigella sonnei, Salmonella typhimurium 144 was equal to 33.46 μg/ml. MIC against B. subtilis ATCC 6633 was 133.8 μg/ml. The antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles has been studied on clinical isolates with multiple drug resistance isolated from wounds, urine, endocervical and faucial scrapings in surgical patients with Klebsiella ozaenae 4348, Citrobacter freundii 4369, Escherichia coli 4358, Enterobacter aerogenes 2476, Proteus mirabilis 4363, Staphylococcus aureus 4312 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 283. The total inhibition of the microorganisms growth under the action of both doses of silver nanoparticles studied – 10 μg and 20 μg has been observed.Наночастицы серебра имеют большой потенциал в качестве противомикробного средства против широкого спектра бактерий, включая антибиотикорезистентные штаммы. В данном исследовании определены противомикробные свойства синтезированных по оригинальному протоколу наночастиц серебра диаметром 30 нм. В опытах in vitro с использованием метода серийных разведений в твердой среде минимальная ингибирующая концентрация (МИК) в отношении тест-штаммов Staphylococcus aureus MRSA ATCC 43300, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Escherichia coli ATCC 2592, Shigella sonnei, Salmonella typhimurium 144 составляла 33,46 мкг/мл. Минимальная ингибирующая концентрация по отношению к Ba-cillus subtilis ATCC 6633 составляла 133,8 мкг/мл. Противомикробная активность наночастиц серебра исследована на клинических антибиотикорезистентных изолятах, выделенных из ран, мочи, соскобов из цервикального канала, зева больных хирургического профиля: Klebsiella ozaenae 4348, Citrobacter freundii 4369, Escherichia coli 4358, Enterobacter aerogenes 2476, Proteus mira-bilis 4363, Staphylococcus aureus 4312 и Pseudomonas aeruginosa 283. Наблюдалось полное подавление роста исследуемых клинических изолятов при использовании дозы наночастиц серебра 10 мг и 20 мг.Наночастинки срібла мають великий потенціал у якості антимікробного засобу проти широкого спектра бактерій, включаючи антибіотикорезистентні штами. В даному дослідженні визначені антимікробні властивості синтезованих за оригінальним протоколом наночастинок срібла діаметром 30 нм. В дослідах in vitro із використанням методу серійних розведень у твердому середовищі мінімальна інгібуюча концентрація (МІК) по відношенню до тест- штамів Staphylococcus aureus MRSA ATCC 43300, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Esche-richia coli ATCC 2592, Shigella sonnei, Salmonella typhimurium 144 складала 33,46 мкг/мл. Міні- мальна інгібуюча концентрація по відношенню до B. subtilis ATCC 6633 становила 133,8 мкг/мл. Антимікробна активність наночастинок срібла досліджена й на клінічних антибіотикорезистентних ізолятах, що були виділені від хворих хірургічного профілю із ран, сечі, зі скребів з цервікального каналу, зіву: Klebsiella ozaenae 4348, Citrobacter freundii 4369, Escherichia coli 4358, Enterobacter aerogenes 2476, Proteus mirabilis 4363, Staphylococcus aureus 4312 та Pseudomonas aeruginosa 283. Спостерігали повне пригнічення росту досліджуваних клінічних ізолятів при використанні дози наночастинок срібла 10 мг та 20 мг

Антибактеріальна та протигрибкова активність наночастинок міді in vitro щодо патогенних тест-штамів та клінічних ізолятів мікроорганізмів – збудників інфекційно-запальних процесів різної локалізації

The results of determination of the antibacterial and antifungal action of 20 nm copper nanoparticles obtained according to the original protocol by the method of chemical condensation in the aqueous solution in relation to the broad spectrum of pathogenic test strains such as Staphylococcus aureus MRSA ATCC 43300, Escherichia coli ATCC 2592, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, S. aureus 209P, Salmonella typhimurium 144, Shigella sonnei and Candida albicans, in testing sensitivity by the method of serial dilution in agar with the doses of microorganisms of 103-105 CFU/cm3 are presented in the article. Copper nanoparticles have shown the antibacterial and antifungal action on clinical isolates of causative agents of infectious and inflammatory processes of different localization isolated from surgical patients, such as S. aureus, E. coli, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes, P. aeruginosa, C. albicans, Candida non-albicans, Penicillium spp., Paecilomyces lilacinus, Aspergillus niger, and Aspergillus flavus, in testing sensitivity by the method of dosed drops with the dose for each microorganism of 107 CFU/cm3.Представлены результаты определения антибактериальной и противогрибковой активности наночастиц меди размером 20 нм, синтезированных по оригинальному протоколу методом химической конденсации в водном растворе, в отношении широкого спектра патогенных тест-штаммов, а именно: Staphylococcus aureus MRSA ATCC 43300, Escherichia coli ATCC 2592, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, S. aureus 209P, Salmonella typhimurium 144, Shigella sonnei и Candida albicans при определении чувствительности микроорганизмов методом серийных разведений в агаре при конечных посевных дозах от 103 до 105 КОЕ/см3. Исследованные наночастицы меди проявили антибактериальную и противогрибковую активность также в отношении клинических изолятов возбудителей инфекционно-воспалительных процессов различной локализации, выделенных от больных хирургического профиля: S. aureus, E. coli, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes, P. aeruginosa, C. albicans, Candida non-albicans, Penicillium spp., Paecilomyces lilacinus, Aspergillus niger и Aspergillus flavus при определении чувствительности микроорганизмов методом дозированных капель при конечной посевной дозе 107 КОЕ/см3.Представлені результати визначення антибактеріальної та протигрибкової активності наночастинок міді розміром 20 нм, синтезованих за оригінальним протоколом методом хімічної конденсації у водному розчині, щодо широкого спектру патогенних тест-штамів, а саме: Staphylococcus aureus MRSA ATCC 43300, Escherichia coli ATCC 2592, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, S. aureus 209P, Salmonella typhimurium 144, Shigella sonnei та Candida albicans при визначенні чутливості мікроорганізмів методом серійних розведень в агарі за кінцевих засівних доз від 103 до 105 КУО/см3. Досліджені наночастинки міді виявили антибактеріальну та протигрибкову активність також щодо клінічних ізолятів збудників інфекційно-запальних процесів різної локалізації, виділених від хворих хірургічного профілю: S. aureus, E. coli, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes, P. aeruginosa, C. albicans, Candida non-albicans, Penicillium spp., Paecilomyces lilacinus, Aspergillus niger та Aspergillus flavus при визначенні чутливості мікроорганізмів методом дозованих крапель за кінцевої засівної дози 107 КУО/см3