Soil types and their relations with radon concentration levels in Middle Governorate of Gaza Strip, Palestine

Determination of natural radioactivity has been carried out in surface and core agricultural soil samples collected from various sites in the Middle Governorate – Gaza Strip, Palestine. Mechanical and chemical analysis has been done to determine soil characteristics. Radon activity concentration measurements were carried out using solid state nuclear tracks detectors, Cr-39. The mechanical analysis results show that they belong to two classes, sandy loam and loamy sand. The sandy loam soil was observed in the eastern side of the study area, whereas the loamy sand was observed in western and middle parts. The radon concentration levels were higher in core samples and were proportionate to the soil depth. Also they were higher in sandy loam than loamy sand soil samples. The radon concentration levels had a positive correlation with fine grains (clay- to silt-size) of soil sample which translocated from upper to lower horizons of soil during its development. Additionally, there was a positive correlation with pH and water content, whereas a negative correlation was observed with organic matter and potassium contents. The positive correlation referred to a large specific surface of fine grains which were located in lower horizons of soil and were able to adsorb more water and consequently led to high radon concentration levels

Incedence of Pediculosis Capitis in Hilla School - Aged Students

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Assessment of Impact Sewage Effluents on the Coastal Water Quality Around the Mouth of Wadi Gaza (Gaza and Middle Governorates, Gaza Strip, Palestine)

Gaza Strip is a narrow coastal region locates at the southeastern coastal plain of Mediterranean Sea. Along the beach of the Gaza Strip eight sewage stations are observed in addition to mouth of Wadi Gaza, which are pumping untreated sewage into the seawater. The aim of the study is to assess the impact of the wastewater disposal and pollutant sources along the study area, focusing around the mouth of Wadi Gaza. This study is carried out along the beach of Gaza and Middle Governorates. Sampling has done at 36 stations along three lines survey extending from SW to NE, these lines locate at distance 100 m; 200 m; and 350 m respectively in the sea. The results of geochemical analysis show variations in physico-chemical parameters: pH; electrical conductivity (EC); total suspended solids (TSS); total dissolved solids (TDS); nitrates; chlorides; calcium; sodium; and potassium. The results reveal that the pollution had significantly higher level round the raw sewage discharge points and decrease towards north direction and significantly decrease at distance greater than 200 m in the sea. Keywords: sewage, seawater, pollution, Wadi Gaza, Gaza beach, Palestin

COLLISIONAL DRIFT WAVES OF A WEAKLY MAGNETIZED PLASMA

The two-fluid equations are used to derive a model of collisional drift waves for cylindrical magnetized plasmas. Both the radial electron temperature variation and the sheared BE о о× rotation in the plasmas have been taken into account. It is found that the presence of the BE о о× rotation leads to an important modification of the theory of drift waves derived by Sayasov Yu. S. and Aebischer HA (1988). The theory is applied to an experimental data of helium plasma using Runge-Kutta integration method. Our calculation shows that the temperature variation and the BE о о× rotation are important in the predictions of drift wave frequency and radial position of the maximum wave amplitude

Wide-angle and wavelength-independent perfect absorption at metamaterial surfaces

In this paper, the reflection and absorption properties of a metamaterial layer on a metallic substrate is investigated theoretically and numerically. Perfect absorption is achieved for any frequency and for any angle of incidence when specified conditions are satisfied. These conditions are as follows:(i) the real permeability Re μ of the metamaterial is very small as compared with the imaginary part Im μ and (ii) the metamaterial thickness is very thin as compared with the wavelength of the incident radiation. Expressions for reflection and absorption coefficients are derived in detail. In the numerical results, the mentioned coefficients are computed and illustrated as a function of angle of incidence when Re μ, Im μ, and metamaterial thickness change

HIV, HBS and HCV in Dump Site Workers of Erbil Governorate

This research targeted eighty-nine males working in Kany Qrzhala, dumpsite. Age and gender comparable apparently healthy subjects were selected as healthy controls, and both of the groups were obliged to fill the study's questionnaire. Further, venous blood samples were collected from each individual for serum collection. The accumulated sera reserved for the sero-prevalence for antibodies tests of Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Hepatitis B Surface Antigen and Hepatitis C Virus, (HIV), (HBS), (HCV) respectively. The automated immunoassay analyzer Cobas E411 facilitated the conducting of the mentioned tests. The serum concentration of HIV and HBS antibodies of dumpsite workers revealed a significant increase when compared to the healthy group, while the HCV antibody serum concentration presented no significant alteration when comparing dumpsite workers to the healthy controls. The antibodies presence in the sera that belonged to workers is an indicator of exposure to the viruses due to unsanitary health conditions. This may pose a public health risk to the workers themselves, in addition to the people they are in contact with, including their families

A Model of Drift Waves Modified By Electron Temperature Gradients and ExB Rotation in Cylindrical Magnetized Plasma

A general investigation of linear drift-waves phenomena in cylindrically bounded plasmas, immersed in a magnetic field without sheared and curvature, is described by the two-fluid equations, taking into account: (a) electron-temperature oscillation, (b)the radial variation of density and temperature, (c)the radial electric field ; and rotation, as well as (d)the electron motion parallel to the magnetic field lines. For plasmas in which the electron temperature strongly exceeds the ion temperature the problem is reduced to an ordinary complex second- order differential equation describes the radial distribution of the oscillating electric potential. It is shown that the presence of the rotation and the radial gradients in the undisturbed electron temperature leads to an important modification of the theory of drift waves in cylindrical plasma compared with previous models in which these phenomena were disregarded. The theory is applied to an experimental data of helium plasma using Runge-Kutta integration method. Our calculation shows that the temperature variation and the rotation are important in the predictions of drift wave frequency and radial position of the maximum wave amplitude

Numerical study of a structure containing left-handed material waveguide

In this paper a waveguide structure consisting of a pair of left-handed material (LHM) and dielectric slabs inserted in vacuum is investigated theoretically. Maxwell’s equations are used to determine the electric and magnetic fields of the incident waves at each layer. Snell’s law is applied and the boundary conditions are imposed at each layer interface to calculate the reflected and transmitted powers of the structure. Numerical results are illustrated to show the effects of frequency, angle of incidence and LHM thickness on the transmitted power when the refractive index of the dielectric layer changes. The same procedure is repeated to show the variation of the transmitted power with the change in the mentioned parameters under different values of dissipation factor of the lossy LHM. Consequently, two cases of the LHM are considered, loss-less case and loss case. The results obtained, are in agreement with

Anti-Toxoplasma, Anti-rubella, and Anti-cytomegalovirus Antibodies in Dumpsite Workers of Erbil Governorate

The present study aimed to detect the presence of anti-Toxoplasma, anti-rubella, and anti-cytomegalovirus (CMV) antibodies in the sera of dumpsite workers of Erbil Governorate. Eighty nine male dumpsite (Kany Qrzhala, Erbil Governorate) workers were included in this study. Serum was obtained for the detection of anti-Toxoplasma, anti-rubella, and anti-CMV antibodies using an automated cobas e411 immunoassay analyzer. No anti-Toxoplasma IgM antibodies were detected in any of the workers’ sera, while (25.84%) showed a positive result for anti-Toxoplasma IgG antibodies. All workers’ sera had no anti-rubella IgM and IgG2 antibodies, while (62.92%) of them revealed the presence of IgG1 in their sera. Anti-CMV IgM was found in (2.25%) of the sera, while (13.50%) of the sera revealed the presence of anti-CMV IgG antibodies

Numerical Study of Negative-Refractive Index Ferrite Waveguide

Consider a magnetized ferrite-wire waveguide structure situated between two half free spaces. Ferrites to provide negative permeability and wire array to provide negative permittivity. The structure form left - handed material (LHM) with negative refractive index. The transmission of electromagnetic waves through the structure is investigated theoretically. Maxwell's equations are used to determine the electric and magnetic fields of the incident waves at each layer. Snell's law is applied and the boundary conditions are imposed at each layer interface to calculate the reflected and transmitted powers of the structure. Numerical results are illustrated to show the effect of frequency, applied magnetic fields, angle of incidence and LHM thickness on the mentioned powers. The analyzed results show that the transmission is very good when the permeability and permittivity of the structure are both simultaneously negative. The frequency band corresponding to this transmission can be tuned by changing the applied magnetic fields. The obtained results are in agreement with the law of conservation of energy. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/2489